Question 1

What do wastewater treatment plants have in common with wetland filtration (purification)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The type of wastewater treated is the same. 
B)  The engineering designs and flow are similar. 
C)  They depend on microbes to remove nitrogen and carbon. 
D)  Chlorine is used to decontaminate pollutants. 
E)  They are both continually aerated. 
A)  The type of wastewater treated is the same. 
B)  The engineering designs and flow are similar. 
C)  They depend on microbes to remove nitrogen and carbon. 
D)  Chlorine is used to decontaminate pollutants. 
E)  They are both continually aerated.

Question 2

Microbes using nitrogen as a terminal electron acceptor would be performing

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation. 
B)  ammonification. 
C)  nitrification. 
D)  denitrification. 
E)  anammox. 
A)  nitrogen fixation. 
B)  ammonification. 
C)  nitrification. 
D)  denitrification. 
E)  anammox.

Question 3

What evidence suggests that the biochemistry of life elsewhere would resemble that on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Terrestrial life is founded on macroelem

Question 4

Acid mine drainage is caused primarily by the microbial genus

Accepted Answer

A)  Thalassiosira. 
B)  Leptothrix. 
C)  Prochlorococcus. 
D)  Acidithiobacillus. 
E)  Desulfovibrio. 
A)  Thalassiosira. 
B)  Leptothrix. 
C)  Prochlorococcus. 
D)  Acidithiobacillus. 
E)  Desulfovibrio.

Question 5

Which contaminant in water is especially prevalent in agricultural regions of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon 
B)  sulfur 
C)  phosphate 
D)  nitrate 
E)  magnesium 
A)  carbon 
B)  sulfur 
C)  phosphate 
D)  nitrate 
E)  magnesium

Question 6

Anaerobically, H₂S may be photolyzed to

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfate. 
B)  sulfite. 
C)  sulfur dioxide. 
D)  sulfuric acid. 
E)  elemental sulfur. 
A)  sulfate. 
B)  sulfite. 
C)  sulfur dioxide. 
D)  sulfuric acid. 
E)  elemental sulfur.

Question 7

Why does the burning of fossil fuels have such a drastic impact on the atmospheric carbon reservoir?

Accepted Answer

The atmospheric reservoir is much smalle

Question 8

During wastewater treatment, the secondary treatment requires continual aeration to

Accepted Answer

A)  suppress microbial growth. 
B)  select for anaerobic heterotrophs. 
C)  stimulate abiotic degradation. 
D)  increase microaerophilic filamentous bacteria. 
E)  maximize breakdown of molecules to CO₂ and nitrates. 
A)  suppress microbial growth. 
B)  select for anaerobic heterotrophs. 
C)  stimulate abiotic degradation. 
D)  increase microaerophilic filamentous bacteria. 
E)  maximize breakdown of molecules to CO₂ and nitrates.

Question 9

Which of the following is an anaerobic respiration reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  conversion of phosphine to phosphate 
B)  methanogenesis 
C)  photolysis of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur 
D)  precipitation of ferric iron with hydroxide 
E)  nitrogen fixation 
A)  conversion of phosphine to phosphate 
B)  methanogenesis 
C)  photolysis of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur 
D)  precipitation of ferric iron with hydroxide 
E)  nitrogen fixation

Question 10

Increased ________ is NOT needed to terraform Mars.

Accepted Answer

A)  greenhouse gases 
B)  temperature 
C)  pH 
D)  air pressure 
E)  oxygen 
A)  greenhouse gases 
B)  temperature 
C)  pH 
D)  air pressure 
E)  oxygen

Question 11

Microbes participate in which step of wastewater treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  preliminary 
B)  primary 
C)  secondary 
D)  tertiary 
E)  every step 
A)  preliminary 
B)  primary 
C)  secondary 
D)  tertiary 
E)  every step

Question 12

Which of the following organisms does NOT play a major role in secondary wastewater treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zoogloea 
B)  Flavobacterium 
C)  Escherichia 
D)  Pseudomonas 
E)  Nocardia 
A)  Zoogloea 
B)  Flavobacterium 
C)  Escherichia 
D)  Pseudomonas 
E)  Nocardia

Question 13

Discuss the concept of iron fertilization to remove excess CO₂ from the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

The rise of algal populations following

Question 14

In the anammox reaction, ________ is the electron donor and ________ is the electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

A)  dinitrogen gas; nitrite 
B)  nitrite; nitrate 
C)  ammonium ion; dinitrogen gas 
D)  dinitrogen gas; nitrate 
E)  ammonium ion; nitrite 
A)  dinitrogen gas; nitrite 
B)  nitrite; nitrate 
C)  ammonium ion; dinitrogen gas 
D)  dinitrogen gas; nitrate 
E)  ammonium ion; nitrite

Question 15

The NASA FLUXNET tower is used for sampling and monitoring

Accepted Answer

A)  atmospheric CO₂ and carbon flux. 
B)  dinitrogen gas and denitrification. 
C)  biomass carbon and dissolved CO₂ oceans. 
D)  hydrogen cycle and carbon flux. 
E)  atmospheric nitrogen and carbon. 
A)  atmospheric CO₂ and carbon flux. 
B)  dinitrogen gas and denitrification. 
C)  biomass carbon and dissolved CO₂ oceans. 
D)  hydrogen cycle and carbon flux. 
E)  atmospheric nitrogen and carbon.

Question 16

What would happen if household wastewater was emptied into local receiving rivers without prior treatment?

Accepted Answer

Wastewater is rich in organic matter, wh

Question 17

Predict the relative levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD) of water flowing into and out of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Why is this difference desirable?

Accepted Answer

BOD is the total amount of dissolved oxy

Question 18

Which of the following reservoirs contains the most rapidly cycled carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  ocean inorganic molecules 
D)  land biomass 
E)  crust below land and ocean 
A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  ocean inorganic molecules 
D)  land biomass 
E)  crust below land and ocean

Question 19

The elemental proportions in microbes are

Accepted Answer

A)  constant. 
B)  variable. 
C)  not measurable. 
D)  independent of abiotic factors. 
E)  called their "reservoirs." 
A)  constant. 
B)  variable. 
C)  not measurable. 
D)  independent of abiotic factors. 
E)  called their "reservoirs."

Question 20

Which of the following does bacteria use for iron uptake?

Accepted Answer

A)  ferrodoxin 
B)  protein A 
C)  hemoglobin 
D)  siderophores 
E)  lipoprotein 
A)  ferrodoxin 
B)  protein A 
C)  hemoglobin 
D)  siderophores 
E)  lipoprotein

Exam 22: Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

What do wastewater treatment plants have in common with wetland filtration (purification)?

Microbes using nitrogen as a terminal electron acceptor would be performing

What evidence suggests that the biochemistry of life elsewhere would resemble that on Earth?

Acid mine drainage is caused primarily by the microbial genus

Which contaminant in water is especially prevalent in agricultural regions of the United States?

Anaerobically, H₂S may be photolyzed to

Why does the burning of fossil fuels have such a drastic impact on the atmospheric carbon reservoir?

During wastewater treatment, the secondary treatment requires continual aeration to

Which of the following is an anaerobic respiration reaction?

Increased ________ is NOT needed to terraform Mars.

Microbes participate in which step of wastewater treatment?

Which of the following organisms does NOT play a major role in secondary wastewater treatment?

Discuss the concept of iron fertilization to remove excess CO₂ from the atmosphere.

In the anammox reaction, ________ is the electron donor and ________ is the electron acceptor.

The NASA FLUXNET tower is used for sampling and monitoring

What would happen if household wastewater was emptied into local receiving rivers without prior treatment?

Predict the relative levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD) of water flowing into and out of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Why is this difference desirable?

Which of the following reservoirs contains the most rapidly cycled carbon?

The elemental proportions in microbes are

Which of the following does bacteria use for iron uptake?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

In the anammox reaction, is the electron donor and is the electron acceptor.