Question 1

A fiber source that may be taken in supplement form to reduce LDL cholesterol levels is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​oat fiber 
B)  ​wheat bran 
C)  ​psyllium seed husks 
D)  ​fruit skins 
E)  ​rolled oats 
A)  ​oat fiber 
B)  ​wheat bran 
C)  ​psyllium seed husks 
D)  ​fruit skins 
E)  ​rolled oats

Question 2

The formation of plaque is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​unrelated to high blood pressure 
B)  ​an inflammatory response 
C)  ​an autoimmune disorder 
D)  ​limited to smaller blood vessels 
E)  ​limited to the heart 
A)  ​unrelated to high blood pressure 
B)  ​an inflammatory response 
C)  ​an autoimmune disorder 
D)  ​limited to smaller blood vessels 
E)  ​limited to the heart

Question 3

You are counseling a patient who recently had a heart attack. Which dietary recommendations would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eat two servings of fatty fish per week.​ 
B)  ​Consume fewer whole grains. 
C)  ​Consume fewer fruits and vegetables. 
D)  ​Use salt substitutes. 
E)  ​Consume more poultry. 
A)  Eat two servings of fatty fish per week.​ 
B)  ​Consume fewer whole grains. 
C)  ​Consume fewer fruits and vegetables. 
D)  ​Use salt substitutes. 
E)  ​Consume more poultry.

Question 4

The general recommendation for high-risk individuals is a cholesterol intake of less than _____ milligrams per day.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​100 
B)  ​125 
C)  ​150 
D)  ​175 
E)  ​200 
A)  ​100 
B)  ​125 
C)  ​150 
D)  ​175 
E)  ​200

Question 5

Plant sterols can help reduce the risk of CHD by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​raising HDL levels 
B)  ​lowering insulin and cortisol levels 
C)  ​lowering blood pressure 
D)  ​increasing coronary blood flow 
E)  ​lowering LDL cholesterol levels 
A)  ​raising HDL levels 
B)  ​lowering insulin and cortisol levels 
C)  ​lowering blood pressure 
D)  ​increasing coronary blood flow 
E)  ​lowering LDL cholesterol levels

Question 6

Which dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​high saturated fat intake 
B)  ​low soluble fiber intake 
C)  ​high protein intake 
D)  ​low cholesterol intake 
E)  ​high sodium intake 
A)  ​high saturated fat intake 
B)  ​low soluble fiber intake 
C)  ​high protein intake 
D)  ​low cholesterol intake 
E)  ​high sodium intake

Question 7

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​150 
B)  ​175 
C)  ​200 
D)  ​220 
E)  ​240 
A)  ​150 
B)  ​175 
C)  ​200 
D)  ​220 
E)  ​240

Question 8

To lower LDL cholesterol levels, saturated fatty acids should be restricted to _____% of daily kcalories.

Accepted Answer

A)  7 
B)  ​11 
C)  ​15 
D)  ​22 
E)  ​25 
A)  7 
B)  ​11 
C)  ​15 
D)  ​22 
E)  ​25

Question 9

Several hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), the patient's diet should consist of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​foods restricted in sodium 
B)  ​increased portion sizes 
C)  ​​more frequent meals 
D)  ​decreased carbohydrates 
E)  ​increased lipids 
A)  ​foods restricted in sodium 
B)  ​increased portion sizes 
C)  ​​more frequent meals 
D)  ​decreased carbohydrates 
E)  ​increased lipids

Question 10

Matching
-coronary heart disease

Accepted Answer

A) the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus, causing sudden tissue death 
B) a chronic, progressive disease characterized by obstructed blood flow in the coronary arteries 
C) a condition caused by ischemia in the heart muscle that results in discomfort or dull pain in the chest region 
D) a general term describing diseases of the heart and blood vessels 
E) inadequate blood supply within tissues due to obstructed blood flow in the arteries
F)an abnormal enlargement or bulging of a blood vessel caused by damage to or weakness in the blood vessel wall
G)an abnormal particle, such as a blood clot or air bubble, that travels in the blood
H)swollen cells in the artery wall that accumulate lipids
I)a type of artery disease characterized by accumulations of fatty material on the inner walls of arteries
J)death of heart muscle caused by a sudden reduction in coronary blood flow; also called a heart attack or cardiac arrest 
A) the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus, causing sudden tissue death 
B) a chronic, progressive disease characterized by obstructed blood flow in the coronary arteries 
C) a condition caused by ischemia in the heart muscle that results in discomfort or dull pain in the chest region 
D) a general term describing diseases of the heart and blood vessels 
E) inadequate blood supply within tissues due to obstructed blood flow in the arteries
F)an abnormal enlargement or bulging of a blood vessel caused by damage to or weakness in the blood vessel wall
G)an abnormal particle, such as a blood clot or air bubble, that travels in the blood
H)swollen cells in the artery wall that accumulate lipids
I)a type of artery disease characterized by accumulations of fatty material on the inner walls of arteries
J)death of heart muscle caused by a sudden reduction in coronary blood flow; also called a heart attack or cardiac arrest

Question 11

Matching
-pulmonary edema

Accepted Answer

A) a blood clot formed within a blood vessel that remains attached to its place of origin 
B) the formation or presence of a blood clot in blood vessels 
C) accumulation of fluid in the lungs 
D) treated with ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers 
E) an accumulation of fatty deposits, smooth muscle cells, and fibrous connective tissue in blood vessels
F)blood pressure measured when heart muscle contracts
G)lower blood pressure measurement
H)a sudden injury to brain tissue resulting from impaired blood flow through an artery that supplies blood to the brain; also called a cerebrovascular accident
I)cholesterol lowering drugs
J)severe malnutrition that develops in heart failure patients; characterized by weight loss and tissue wasting 
A) a blood clot formed within a blood vessel that remains attached to its place of origin 
B) the formation or presence of a blood clot in blood vessels 
C) accumulation of fluid in the lungs 
D) treated with ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers 
E) an accumulation of fatty deposits, smooth muscle cells, and fibrous connective tissue in blood vessels
F)blood pressure measured when heart muscle contracts
G)lower blood pressure measurement
H)a sudden injury to brain tissue resulting from impaired blood flow through an artery that supplies blood to the brain; also called a cerebrovascular accident
I)cholesterol lowering drugs
J)severe malnutrition that develops in heart failure patients; characterized by weight loss and tissue wasting

Question 12

An alternate choice for the butter that Mrs. Winslow uses that could help lower her cholesterol is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​stick margarine 
B)  ​margarine that contains plant sterols or stanols 
C)  ​soft margarine 
D)  ​margarine made from corn oil 
E)  ​margarine rich in saturated fats 
A)  ​stick margarine 
B)  ​margarine that contains plant sterols or stanols 
C)  ​soft margarine 
D)  ​margarine made from corn oil 
E)  ​margarine rich in saturated fats

Question 13

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Matching
-aneurysm

Accepted Answer

A) the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus, causing sudden tissue death 
B) a chronic, progressive disease characterized by obstructed blood flow in the coronary arteries 
C) a condition caused by ischemia in the heart muscle that results in discomfort or dull pain in the chest region 
D) a general term describing diseases of the heart and blood vessels 
E) inadequate blood supply within tissues due to obstructed blood flow in the arteries
F)an abnormal enlargement or bulging of a blood vessel caused by damage to or weakness in the blood vessel wall
G)an abnormal particle, such as a blood clot or air bubble, that travels in the blood
H)swollen cells in the artery wall that accumulate lipids
I)a type of artery disease characterized by accumulations of fatty material on the inner walls of arteries
J)death of heart muscle caused by a sudden reduction in coronary blood flow; also called a heart attack or cardiac arrest 
A) the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus, causing sudden tissue death 
B) a chronic, progressive disease characterized by obstructed blood flow in the coronary arteries 
C) a condition caused by ischemia in the heart muscle that results in discomfort or dull pain in the chest region 
D) a general term describing diseases of the heart and blood vessels 
E) inadequate blood supply within tissues due to obstructed blood flow in the arteries
F)an abnormal enlargement or bulging of a blood vessel caused by damage to or weakness in the blood vessel wall
G)an abnormal particle, such as a blood clot or air bubble, that travels in the blood
H)swollen cells in the artery wall that accumulate lipids
I)a type of artery disease characterized by accumulations of fatty material on the inner walls of arteries
J)death of heart muscle caused by a sudden reduction in coronary blood flow; also called a heart attack or cardiac arrest

Question 15

Trans fats _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​are similar to unsaturated fats 
B)  are found in butter​ 
C)  ​are found in red meat 
D)  ​raise the levels of HDL 
E)  ​are derived from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils 
A)  ​are similar to unsaturated fats 
B)  are found in butter​ 
C)  ​are found in red meat 
D)  ​raise the levels of HDL 
E)  ​are derived from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils

Question 16

One effective way to lower LDL cholesterol levels is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​use reduced-fat margarine 
B)  ​use margarines made with plant sterols 
C)  ​switch from butter to margarine 
D)  ​use butter instead of margarine 
E)  ​use margarine high in trans fats 
A)  ​use reduced-fat margarine 
B)  ​use margarines made with plant sterols 
C)  ​switch from butter to margarine 
D)  ​use butter instead of margarine 
E)  ​use margarine high in trans fats

Question 17

A patient's lipid profile shows elevated total cholesterol and LDL. Which nutrition intervention is recommended?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Eat less fiber. 
B)  ​Consume less saturated fat. 
C)  ​Consume less polyunsaturated fat. 
D)  ​Eat more protein. 
E)  ​Consume more carbohydrates and proteins. 
A)  ​Eat less fiber. 
B)  ​Consume less saturated fat. 
C)  ​Consume less polyunsaturated fat. 
D)  ​Eat more protein. 
E)  ​Consume more carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 18

The most common cause of an aneurysm is high blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart can cause a myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which factor does not increase the risk of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​aging 
B)  ​salt sensitivity 
C)  ​alcohol abuse 
D)  ​excessive calcium intake 
E)  ​obesity 
A)  ​aging 
B)  ​salt sensitivity 
C)  ​alcohol abuse 
D)  ​excessive calcium intake 
E)  ​obesity

Exam 22: Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

A fiber source that may be taken in supplement form to reduce LDL cholesterol levels is _____.

The formation of plaque is _____.​

You are counseling a patient who recently had a heart attack. Which dietary recommendations would be most appropriate?

The general recommendation for high-risk individuals is a cholesterol intake of less than _____ milligrams per day.

Plant sterols can help reduce the risk of CHD by _____.

Which dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?​

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease.​

To lower LDL cholesterol levels, saturated fatty acids should be restricted to _____% of daily kcalories.

Several hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), the patient's diet should consist of _____.​

Matching -coronary heart disease

Matching -pulmonary edema

An alternate choice for the butter that Mrs. Winslow uses that could help lower her cholesterol is _____.

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis.​

Matching -aneurysm

Trans fats _____.​

One effective way to lower LDL cholesterol levels is to _____.

A patient's lipid profile shows elevated total cholesterol and LDL. Which nutrition intervention is recommended?

The most common cause of an aneurysm is high blood pressure.

Deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart can cause a myocardial infarction.

Which factor does not increase the risk of hypertension?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

The formation of plaque is _____.

Which dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease.

Several hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), the patient's diet should consist of _____.

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis.

Trans fats _____.