Question 1

Which substance is not a component of bile?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​bile salts 
B)  ​cholesterol 
C)  ​bilirubin 
D)  ​lectithin 
E)  ​lipase 
A)  ​bile salts 
B)  ​cholesterol 
C)  ​bilirubin 
D)  ​lectithin 
E)  ​lipase

Question 2

Matching
-biliary sludge

Accepted Answer

A) itchy skin associated with bile obstruction 
B) primary plasma protein synthesized by the liver 
C) neurological condition associated with advanced liver disease 
D) virus transmitted sexually or via contaminated blood; a vaccine is available 
E) immunosuppressant drug given after a liver transplant
F)composed of mucus, cholesterol crystals and bilirubin granules
G)procedure that removes fluid associated with ascites
H)increased levels associated with liver disease impair neurotransmitter production
I)carries blood to the liver from the digestive tract
J)virus spread via infected blood and needles; no vaccine is available 
A) itchy skin associated with bile obstruction 
B) primary plasma protein synthesized by the liver 
C) neurological condition associated with advanced liver disease 
D) virus transmitted sexually or via contaminated blood; a vaccine is available 
E) immunosuppressant drug given after a liver transplant
F)composed of mucus, cholesterol crystals and bilirubin granules
G)procedure that removes fluid associated with ascites
H)increased levels associated with liver disease impair neurotransmitter production
I)carries blood to the liver from the digestive tract
J)virus spread via infected blood and needles; no vaccine is available

Question 3

If the patient with cirrhosis develops fat malabsorption and requires extra kcalories, these should be provided by _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​carbohydrates 
B)  ​sugars 
C)  ​MCT oil 
D)  ​fruits and vegetables 
E)  ​butter 
A)  ​carbohydrates 
B)  ​sugars 
C)  ​MCT oil 
D)  ​fruits and vegetables 
E)  ​butter

Question 4

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​hypoglycemia. 
B)  ​hyperglycemia . 
C)  ​hyponatremia 
D)  ​Hyponatremia 
E)  ​anemia 
A)  ​hypoglycemia. 
B)  ​hyperglycemia . 
C)  ​hyponatremia 
D)  ​Hyponatremia 
E)  ​anemia

Question 5

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​folate 
B)  ​thiamin 
C)  ​vitamin A 
D)  ​sodium 
E)  ​potassium 
A)  ​folate 
B)  ​thiamin 
C)  ​vitamin A 
D)  ​sodium 
E)  ​potassium

Question 6

The diet of a patient with cirrhosis who has severe steatorrhea may need to be supplemented with all of these nutrients except _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​B vitamins 
B)  ​calcium 
C)  ​magnesium 
D)  ​zinc 
E)  ​vitamin D 
A)  ​B vitamins 
B)  ​calcium 
C)  ​magnesium 
D)  ​zinc 
E)  ​vitamin D

Question 7

The most common cause of hepatitis A virus infection is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​exposure to infected blood 
B)  ​jaundice 
C)  ​fecal-oral contamination 
D)  ​sexual contact 
E)  ​contaminated food 
A)  ​exposure to infected blood 
B)  ​jaundice 
C)  ​fecal-oral contamination 
D)  ​sexual contact 
E)  ​contaminated food

Question 8

When triglycerides accumulate in the liver, the liver _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​becomes smaller 
B)  ​turns into scar tissue 
C)  ​becomes inflamed 
D)  ​becomesenlarged 
E)  ​decreases metabolism 
A)  ​becomes smaller 
B)  ​turns into scar tissue 
C)  ​becomes inflamed 
D)  ​becomesenlarged 
E)  ​decreases metabolism

Question 9

Matching
-varices

Accepted Answer

A) an accumulation of fat in the liver 
B) enlargement of the liver 
C) an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, causing impaired liver function and liver failure 
D) elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver 
E) blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood
F)abnormally dilated blood vessels
G)yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin
H)liver inflammation that is associated with fatty liver
I)an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
J)excess triglycerides packaged and exported to the blood 
A) an accumulation of fat in the liver 
B) enlargement of the liver 
C) an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, causing impaired liver function and liver failure 
D) elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver 
E) blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood
F)abnormally dilated blood vessels
G)yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin
H)liver inflammation that is associated with fatty liver
I)an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
J)excess triglycerides packaged and exported to the blood

Question 10

Hepatitis patients should avoid _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fried foods 
B)  ​high-protein foods 
C)  ​excessive intakes of sodium 
D)  ​alcohol 
E)  ​sexual contact 
A)  ​fried foods 
B)  ​high-protein foods 
C)  ​excessive intakes of sodium 
D)  ​alcohol 
E)  ​sexual contact

Question 11

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​rare steak 
B)  ​sushi 
C)  ​unpasteurized milk 
D)  ​canned vegetables 
E)  ​unwashed fresh fruit 
A)  ​rare steak 
B)  ​sushi 
C)  ​unpasteurized milk 
D)  ​canned vegetables 
E)  ​unwashed fresh fruit

Question 12

To add energy but not protein to the diet, you would add _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​butter 
B)  ​milkshakes 
C)  ​vegetables 
D)  ​hard-boiled eggs 
E)  ​chopped nuts 
A)  ​butter 
B)  ​milkshakes 
C)  ​vegetables 
D)  ​hard-boiled eggs 
E)  ​chopped nuts

Question 13

The main product of alcohol metabolism is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​VLDL 
B)  ​acetaldehyde 
C)  ​bilirubin 
D)  ​ethanol 
E)  ​acetate 
A)  ​VLDL 
B)  ​acetaldehyde 
C)  ​bilirubin 
D)  ​ethanol 
E)  ​acetate

Question 14

A feeding tube used for a patient with esophageal varices should be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​wide and rigid 
B)  ​narrow and flexible 
C)  ​able to deliver insulin to maintain proper blood glucose levels 
D)  ​short and rigid 
E)  ​wide and flexible 
A)  ​wide and rigid 
B)  ​narrow and flexible 
C)  ​able to deliver insulin to maintain proper blood glucose levels 
D)  ​short and rigid 
E)  ​wide and flexible

Question 15

Matching
-ascites

Accepted Answer

A) an accumulation of fat in the liver 
B) enlargement of the liver 
C) an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, causing impaired liver function and liver failure 
D) elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver 
E) blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood
F)abnormally dilated blood vessels
G)yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin
H)liver inflammation that is associated with fatty liver
I)an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
J)excess triglycerides packaged and exported to the blood 
A) an accumulation of fat in the liver 
B) enlargement of the liver 
C) an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, causing impaired liver function and liver failure 
D) elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver 
E) blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood
F)abnormally dilated blood vessels
G)yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin
H)liver inflammation that is associated with fatty liver
I)an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
J)excess triglycerides packaged and exported to the blood

Question 16

Rapid weight loss aids in the recovery from liver disease.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is the daily sodium restriction for a patient with ascites?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1000 mg 
B)  ​1200 mg 
C)  ​1500 mg 
D)  ​1800 mg 
E)  ​2000 mg 
A)  ​1000 mg 
B)  ​1200 mg 
C)  ​1500 mg 
D)  ​1800 mg 
E)  ​2000 mg

Question 18

A patient with cirrhosis may present with no symptoms.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To help reduce ammonia production in the colon, patients with cirrhosis may be given a(n) _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​antibiotic 
B)  ​appetite stimulant 
C)  ​enema 
D)  ​diuretic 
E)  ​antiviral 
A)  ​antibiotic 
B)  ​appetite stimulant 
C)  ​enema 
D)  ​diuretic 
E)  ​antiviral

Question 20

Matching
-hepatic encephalopathy

Accepted Answer

A) itchy skin associated with bile obstruction 
B) primary plasma protein synthesized by the liver 
C) neurological condition associated with advanced liver disease 
D) virus transmitted sexually or via contaminated blood; a vaccine is available 
E) immunosuppressant drug given after a liver transplant
F)composed of mucus, cholesterol crystals and bilirubin granules
G)procedure that removes fluid associated with ascites
H)increased levels associated with liver disease impair neurotransmitter production
I)carries blood to the liver from the digestive tract
J)virus spread via infected blood and needles; no vaccine is available 
A) itchy skin associated with bile obstruction 
B) primary plasma protein synthesized by the liver 
C) neurological condition associated with advanced liver disease 
D) virus transmitted sexually or via contaminated blood; a vaccine is available 
E) immunosuppressant drug given after a liver transplant
F)composed of mucus, cholesterol crystals and bilirubin granules
G)procedure that removes fluid associated with ascites
H)increased levels associated with liver disease impair neurotransmitter production
I)carries blood to the liver from the digestive tract
J)virus spread via infected blood and needles; no vaccine is available

Exam 20: Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Which substance is not a component of bile?​

Matching -biliary sludge

If the patient with cirrhosis develops fat malabsorption and requires extra kcalories, these should be provided by _____.​

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.​

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.​

The diet of a patient with cirrhosis who has severe steatorrhea may need to be supplemented with all of these nutrients except _____.​

The most common cause of hepatitis A virus infection is _____.​

When triglycerides accumulate in the liver, the liver _____.

Matching -varices

Hepatitis patients should avoid _____.​

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.​

To add energy but not protein to the diet, you would add _____.​

The main product of alcohol metabolism is _____.

A feeding tube used for a patient with esophageal varices should be _____.

Matching -ascites

Rapid weight loss aids in the recovery from liver disease.​

What is the daily sodium restriction for a patient with ascites?​

A patient with cirrhosis may present with no symptoms.​

To help reduce ammonia production in the colon, patients with cirrhosis may be given a(n) _____.​

Matching -hepatic encephalopathy

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

Which substance is not a component of bile?

If the patient with cirrhosis develops fat malabsorption and requires extra kcalories, these should be provided by _____.

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.

The diet of a patient with cirrhosis who has severe steatorrhea may need to be supplemented with all of these nutrients except _____.

The most common cause of hepatitis A virus infection is _____.

Hepatitis patients should avoid _____.

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.

To add energy but not protein to the diet, you would add _____.

Rapid weight loss aids in the recovery from liver disease.

What is the daily sodium restriction for a patient with ascites?

A patient with cirrhosis may present with no symptoms.

To help reduce ammonia production in the colon, patients with cirrhosis may be given a(n) _____.