Question 1

An irregular heartbeat related to potassium loss may occur _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​with diets low in fresh fruits and vegetables 
B)  ​as a result of severe diarrhea 
C)  ​in persons with diabetes 
D)  ​as a result of an excessive intake of protein 
E)  ​as a result of an excessive intake of bananas 
A)  ​with diets low in fresh fruits and vegetables 
B)  ​as a result of severe diarrhea 
C)  ​in persons with diabetes 
D)  ​as a result of an excessive intake of protein 
E)  ​as a result of an excessive intake of bananas

Question 2

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​provide energy for cells 
B)  ​provide rigidity for the bones 
C)  ​regulate the transmission of nerve impulses 
D)  ​regulate muscle contraction 
E)  ​up-regulate coenzyme factors 
A)  ​provide energy for cells 
B)  ​provide rigidity for the bones 
C)  ​regulate the transmission of nerve impulses 
D)  ​regulate muscle contraction 
E)  ​up-regulate coenzyme factors

Question 3

Of the foods listed, the best source of phosphorus is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​tofu 
B)  ​chicken 
C)  ​noodles 
D)  ​cheese 
E)  ​spinach 
A)  ​tofu 
B)  ​chicken 
C)  ​noodles 
D)  ​cheese 
E)  ​spinach

Question 4

The UL for sodium intake for adults is set at _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1200 mg 
B)  ​1500 mg 
C)  ​2300 mg 
D)  ​3000 mg 
E)  ​3200 mg 
A)  ​1200 mg 
B)  ​1500 mg 
C)  ​2300 mg 
D)  ​3000 mg 
E)  ​3200 mg

Question 5

When selecting a vitamin-mineral supplement, choose one in which the nutrient levels are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​at or very close to the RDA 
B)  ​all the same 
C)  ​at least 200 percent of the RDA 
D)  ​at least 300 percent of the RDA 
E)  ​at least 500 percent of the RDA 
A)  ​at or very close to the RDA 
B)  ​all the same 
C)  ​at least 200 percent of the RDA 
D)  ​at least 300 percent of the RDA 
E)  ​at least 500 percent of the RDA

Question 6

Iron is a component of the protein _____, which functions to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​myoglobin; protect against free radicals 
B)  ​transferrin; transport oxygen in the blood 
C)  ​hemosiderin; help blood clotting 
D)  ​hemoglobin; transport oxygen in the bloodstream 
E)  ​hemostatin; excrete excess iron 
A)  ​myoglobin; protect against free radicals 
B)  ​transferrin; transport oxygen in the blood 
C)  ​hemosiderin; help blood clotting 
D)  ​hemoglobin; transport oxygen in the bloodstream 
E)  ​hemostatin; excrete excess iron

Question 7

Which mineral is essential for wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​potassium 
B)  ​sulfate 
C)  ​zinc 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​sulfur 
A)  ​potassium 
B)  ​sulfate 
C)  ​zinc 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​sulfur

Question 8

Magnesium deficiency may occur as a result of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​too much crying 
B)  ​drinking too little orange juice 
C)  ​diarrhea 
D)  ​consuming too little dairy 
E)  ​constipation 
A)  ​too much crying 
B)  ​drinking too little orange juice 
C)  ​diarrhea 
D)  ​consuming too little dairy 
E)  ​constipation

Question 9

The largest percentage of sodium in people's diets comes from _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​salt added during cooking 
B)  ​salt added to foods by manufacturers 
C)  ​salt added at the table 
D)  ​the natural salt content of foods 
E)  ​drinking carbonated beverages 
A)  ​salt added during cooking 
B)  ​salt added to foods by manufacturers 
C)  ​salt added at the table 
D)  ​the natural salt content of foods 
E)  ​drinking carbonated beverages

Question 10

The mineral that is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​calcium 
B)  ​phosphorus 
C)  ​iron 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​magnesium 
A)  ​calcium 
B)  ​phosphorus 
C)  ​iron 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​magnesium

Question 11

Which protein carries iron to tissues throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​hemoglobin 
B)  ​ferritin 
C)  ​myoglobin 
D)  ​transferrin 
E)  ​hepcidin 
A)  ​hemoglobin 
B)  ​ferritin 
C)  ​myoglobin 
D)  ​transferrin 
E)  ​hepcidin

Question 12

Matching
-extracellular fluid

Accepted Answer

A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin 
A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin

Question 13

Thirst and satiety are the two factors that govern water intake in healthy people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A person who is severely lacking in dietary _____ may experience a sulfur deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​carbohydrate 
B)  ​fatty acids 
C)  ​protein 
D)  ​vitamins 
E)  ​water 
A)  ​carbohydrate 
B)  ​fatty acids 
C)  ​protein 
D)  ​vitamins 
E)  ​water

Question 15

What is the minimum amount of urine the body must excrete each day to remove waste products?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​500 mL 
B)  ​700 mL 
C)  ​2300 mL 
D)  ​3000 mL 
E)  ​3500 mL 
A)  ​500 mL 
B)  ​700 mL 
C)  ​2300 mL 
D)  ​3000 mL 
E)  ​3500 mL

Question 16

What is the mechanism by which fluoride exerts a caries-reducing effect?

Accepted Answer

Fluoride's primary role in health is the

Question 17

Which statement describes the function of phosphorus in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​It does not participates in the transfer of energy during cellular metabolism. 
B)  ​It is not necessary for growth. 
C)  ​It is needed in the stomach for hydrochloric acid production. 
D)  ​It is found with calcium in bones and teeth. 
E)  ​It aids in blood glucose regulation. 
A)  ​It does not participates in the transfer of energy during cellular metabolism. 
B)  ​It is not necessary for growth. 
C)  ​It is needed in the stomach for hydrochloric acid production. 
D)  ​It is found with calcium in bones and teeth. 
E)  ​It aids in blood glucose regulation.

Question 18

Worldwide, the most common nutrient deficiency is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​zinc 
B)  ​selenium 
C)  ​iron 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​magnesium 
A)  ​zinc 
B)  ​selenium 
C)  ​iron 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​magnesium

Question 19

Why is selenium important in the body and why might it be used to treat cancer?

Accepted Answer

Selenium is an essential trace mineral t

Question 20

Potassium deficiency is characterized by a decrease in blood pressure, salt sensitivity, kidney stones, and bone turnover.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Water and the Minerals

An irregular heartbeat related to potassium loss may occur _____.

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to _____.​

Of the foods listed, the best source of phosphorus is _____.

The UL for sodium intake for adults is set at _____.

When selecting a vitamin-mineral supplement, choose one in which the nutrient levels are _____.

Iron is a component of the protein _____, which functions to _____.

Which mineral is essential for wound healing?

Magnesium deficiency may occur as a result of _____.

The largest percentage of sodium in people's diets comes from _____.

The mineral that is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet is _____.

Which protein carries iron to tissues throughout the body?

Matching -extracellular fluid

Thirst and satiety are the two factors that govern water intake in healthy people.

A person who is severely lacking in dietary _____ may experience a sulfur deficiency.

What is the minimum amount of urine the body must excrete each day to remove waste products?

What is the mechanism by which fluoride exerts a caries-reducing effect?

Which statement describes the function of phosphorus in the body?

Worldwide, the most common nutrient deficiency is _____.

Why is selenium important in the body and why might it be used to treat cancer?

Potassium deficiency is characterized by a decrease in blood pressure, salt sensitivity, kidney stones, and bone turnover.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to _____.

Iron is a component of the protein _, which functions to _.