Question 1

According to the DRI Committee, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​beverages that contain caffeine do not count toward meetings one's fluid needs. 
B)  ​a person should not consume more than three cups of caffeine-containing beverages a day. 
C)  ​caffeinated beverages contribute to daily total water intake similar to that contributed by non-caffeinated beverages. 
D) caffeine causes a net deficit of fluid in the body; therefore, caffeine-containing beverages should be avoided by athletes. 
E)  ​caffeine actually helps your body synthesize water internally and so is "hyper-hydrating". 
A)  ​beverages that contain caffeine do not count toward meetings one's fluid needs. 
B)  ​a person should not consume more than three cups of caffeine-containing beverages a day. 
C)  ​caffeinated beverages contribute to daily total water intake similar to that contributed by non-caffeinated beverages. 
D) caffeine causes a net deficit of fluid in the body; therefore, caffeine-containing beverages should be avoided by athletes. 
E)  ​caffeine actually helps your body synthesize water internally and so is "hyper-hydrating".

Question 2

Matching
-hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin 
A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin

Question 3

In order to increase the amount of iron absorbed from a meal, you should _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​consume tea as a beverage with the meal 
B)  ​eat a calcium-rich food with the meal 
C)  ​consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal 
D)  ​avoid eating foods rich in vitamin C with the meal 
E)  ​drink as much coffee as possible 
A)  ​consume tea as a beverage with the meal 
B)  ​eat a calcium-rich food with the meal 
C)  ​consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal 
D)  ​avoid eating foods rich in vitamin C with the meal 
E)  ​drink as much coffee as possible

Question 4

The major negative ion of the extracellular fluid is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​sodium 
B)  ​potassium 
C)  ​chloride 
D)  ​calcium 
E)  ​fluoride 
A)  ​sodium 
B)  ​potassium 
C)  ​chloride 
D)  ​calcium 
E)  ​fluoride

Question 5

Which food, food component, or nutrient contributes to iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​legumes 
B)  ​clams 
C)  ​MFP factor 
D)  ​tannins 
E)  ​vitamin C 
A)  ​legumes 
B)  ​clams 
C)  ​MFP factor 
D)  ​tannins 
E)  ​vitamin C

Question 6

Matching
-hypertension

Accepted Answer

A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin 
A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin

Question 7

Which mineral is classified as a trace mineral?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​iron 
B)  ​sulfur 
C)  ​calcium 
D)  ​potassium 
E)  ​sodium 
A)  ​iron 
B)  ​sulfur 
C)  ​calcium 
D)  ​potassium 
E)  ​sodium

Question 8

The hormone that stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb, rather than excrete, water is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​thyroxine 
B)  ​ADH 
C)  ​cortisone 
D)  ​epinephrine 
E)  ​cortisol 
A)  ​thyroxine 
B)  ​ADH 
C)  ​cortisone 
D)  ​epinephrine 
E)  ​cortisol

Question 9

The most reliable food source(s) of chloride is(are) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​meats and whole-grain cereals 
B)  ​salt 
C)  ​dark green vegetables 
D)  ​drinking water 
E)  ​citrus fruits 
A)  ​meats and whole-grain cereals 
B)  ​salt 
C)  ​dark green vegetables 
D)  ​drinking water 
E)  ​citrus fruits

Question 10

Describe the major causes of iron deficiency in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

Worldwide, iron deficiency is the most c

Question 11

Iodine deficiency is associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​hair loss. 
B)  ​arthritis. 
C)  ​goiter. 
D)  ​jaundice. 
E)  ​weight loss. 
A)  ​hair loss. 
B)  ​arthritis. 
C)  ​goiter. 
D)  ​jaundice. 
E)  ​weight loss.

Question 12

Matching
-antidiuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin 
A) the balance between water intake and water excretion that keeps the body's water content constant 
B) the loss of water from the body that occurs when water output exceeds water input 
C) a craving for nonfood substances 
D) a part of the brain that helps regulate many body balances, including fluid balance 
E) in the brain, the "king gland" that regulates the operation of many other glands
F)a hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to high salt concentrations in the blood; the kidneys respond by reabsorbing water
G)a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys; also regulates chloride and potassium concentrations
H)fluid residing outside the cells; includes the fluid between the cells (interstitial fluid), plasma, and the water of structures such as the skin and bones
I)high blood pressure
J)a precursor to hemoglobin

Question 13

Zinc is highest in foods with high _____ content.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​alcohol 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​carbohydrate 
D)  ​fat 
E)  ​water 
A)  ​alcohol 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​carbohydrate 
D)  ​fat 
E)  ​water

Question 14

Describe how the body regulates the absorption of calcium.

Accepted Answer

aided by vitamin D, the body is able to

Question 15

The percentage of dietary iron normally absorbed is about _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​10-15% 
B)  ​20-25% 
C)  ​25-40% 
D)  ​45-65% 
E)  ​70-80% 
A)  ​10-15% 
B)  ​20-25% 
C)  ​25-40% 
D)  ​45-65% 
E)  ​70-80%

Question 16

Which organ/organ system plays the primary role in maintaining acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lungs 
B)  ​skin 
C)  ​GI tract 
D)  ​kidneys 
E)  ​liver 
A)  ​lungs 
B)  ​skin 
C)  ​GI tract 
D)  ​kidneys 
E)  ​liver

Question 17

Which mineral is a principal component of cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​iron 
B)  ​phosphorous 
C)  ​potassium 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​chloride 
A)  ​iron 
B)  ​phosphorous 
C)  ​potassium 
D)  ​iodine 
E)  ​chloride

Question 18

People who regularly take prescription drugs, such as steroids and diuretics, are at risk for a deficiency of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​potassium 
B)  ​chloride 
C)  ​iodine 
D)  ​selenium 
E)  ​magnesium 
A)  ​potassium 
B)  ​chloride 
C)  ​iodine 
D)  ​selenium 
E)  ​magnesium

Question 19

Discuss the functions of copper in the body.

Accepted Answer

The body contains about 100 milligrams o

Question 20

Absorption of iron increases as intake increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Water and the Minerals

According to the DRI Committee, _____.

Matching -hypothalamus

In order to increase the amount of iron absorbed from a meal, you should _____.

The major negative ion of the extracellular fluid is _____.

Which food, food component, or nutrient contributes to iron deficiency?

Matching -hypertension

Which mineral is classified as a trace mineral?

The hormone that stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb, rather than excrete, water is _____.

The most reliable food source(s) of chloride is(are) _____.

Describe the major causes of iron deficiency in the U.S.

Iodine deficiency is associated with _____.

Matching -antidiuretic hormone

Zinc is highest in foods with high _____ content.

Describe how the body regulates the absorption of calcium.

The percentage of dietary iron normally absorbed is about _____.

Which organ/organ system plays the primary role in maintaining acid-base balance?

Which mineral is a principal component of cell membranes?

People who regularly take prescription drugs, such as steroids and diuretics, are at risk for a deficiency of _____.​

Discuss the functions of copper in the body.

Absorption of iron increases as intake increases.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

People who regularly take prescription drugs, such as steroids and diuretics, are at risk for a deficiency of _____.