Question 1

A condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes above the diaphragm is known as _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​hiatal hernia 
B)  ​Barrett's esophagus 
C)  ​gastritis 
D)  ​gastric ulcer 
E)  ​gastroesophageal reflux 
A)  ​hiatal hernia 
B)  ​Barrett's esophagus 
C)  ​gastritis 
D)  ​gastric ulcer 
E)  ​gastroesophageal reflux

Question 2

Rapid weight loss following bariatric surgery increases the risk of developing _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​cirrhosis 
B)  ​hypertension 
C)  ​type 2 diabetes 
D)  ​gallbladder disease 
E)  ​Sjögren's syndrome 
A)  ​cirrhosis 
B)  ​hypertension 
C)  ​type 2 diabetes 
D)  ​gallbladder disease 
E)  ​Sjögren's syndrome

Question 3

The protein recommendation for bariatric surgery patients is _____. ​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0.8-1.0 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
B)  ​1.0-1.5 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
C)  ​1.8-2.2 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
D)  ​2.5-3.0 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
E)  ​3.3-3.5 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
A)  ​0.8-1.0 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
B)  ​1.0-1.5 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
C)  ​1.8-2.2 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
D)  ​2.5-3.0 g/kg ideal body weight per day 
E)  ​3.3-3.5 g/kg ideal body weight per day

Question 4

Caries develops when the bacteria that reside in dental plaque metabolize dietary carbohydrates and produce acids that attack tooth enamel.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Matching​
-​peptic ulcer

Accepted Answer

A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion" 
A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion"

Question 6

M.L. is a 34-year-old male computer programmer with a BMI of 26 who is seeking dietary counseling. His dose of Prilosec was recently increased, and although he now suffers less often from heartburn symptoms, he is also leery of medical side effects and would like any and all suggestions to manage his GERD "naturally." Having had GERD for the past eight years and been on some form of antacid or antisecretory medication continuously during that time, M.L. knows what foods or factors cause symptoms, and is able to generally avoid them; hence, he has not had reflux esophagitis in over a year. A 24-hour diet history reveals M.L. ate these foods yesterday:
Breakfast: Skipped
Snack: Fresh pear; instant oatmeal made with water, eaten with brown sugar and two non-dairy creamers; skim milk
Lunch: Lean turkey lunch meat on whole-grain bread with lettuce, tomato, and mustard; 100% grape juice diluted with water; snack pack of carrots, no dressing
Snack: Sugar cookies; skim milk
Dinner: Tempura (deep-fried, breaded) salmon; buttered rice; salad with lettuce and tomato; vinegar and oil dressing; water
Snack, at bedtime: Ginger ale and ginger snap cookies
​
-What outcome is M.L. at highest risk for because of his GERD?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Pernicious anemia 
B)  ​Atrophic gastritis 
C)  ​Bleeding in the small intestine 
D)  ​Barrett's esophagus 
E)  ​Osteomalacia 
A)  ​Pernicious anemia 
B)  ​Atrophic gastritis 
C)  ​Bleeding in the small intestine 
D)  ​Barrett's esophagus 
E)  ​Osteomalacia

Question 7

Hypochlorhydria may most likely result from what condition?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Esophageal dysphagia 
B)  ​Peptic ulcer disease 
C)  ​Dyspepsia 
D)  ​Bariatric surgery 
E)  Gastritis 
A)  ​Esophageal dysphagia 
B)  ​Peptic ulcer disease 
C)  ​Dyspepsia 
D)  ​Bariatric surgery 
E)  Gastritis

Question 8

What food would most likely stimulate saliva flow and neutralize acids in the mouth?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​A hamburger 
B)  ​Legumes 
C)  ​Orange juice 
D)  ​Cheese 
E)  ​Pickles 
A)  ​A hamburger 
B)  ​Legumes 
C)  ​Orange juice 
D)  ​Cheese 
E)  ​Pickles

Question 9

Matching​
-​reflux esophagitis

Accepted Answer

A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion" 
A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion"

Question 10

A major factor associated in the development of both gastritis and peptic ulcer disease is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​infection with H. pylori 
B)  ​stress 
C)  ​overeating 
D)  cigarette smoking​ 
E)  ​decreased physical activity 
A)  ​infection with H. pylori 
B)  ​stress 
C)  ​overeating 
D)  cigarette smoking​ 
E)  ​decreased physical activity

Question 11

According to the National Dysphagia Diet, what food is allowed for a patient in Level 2: Dysphagia Mechanically Altered foods?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Hot dogs 
B)  ​Pineapple 
C)  ​Pineapple. 
D)  ​Canned peaches 
E)  Peanut butter 
A)  ​Hot dogs 
B)  ​Pineapple 
C)  ​Pineapple. 
D)  ​Canned peaches 
E)  Peanut butter

Question 12

Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who recently underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems: diabetes and hypertension. Ms. Wilson will need nutrition education before being discharged from the hospital.
-What foods should Ms. Wilson be advised to avoid to prevent possible obstruction of the gastric outlet?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Bananas 
B)  ​Celery 
C)  ​Fish 
D)  ​Mashed potatoes 
E)  ​Chicken 
A)  ​Bananas 
B)  ​Celery 
C)  ​Fish 
D)  ​Mashed potatoes 
E)  ​Chicken

Question 13

Matching​
-​dental plaque

Accepted Answer

A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion" 
A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion"

Question 14

Describe the nutritional concerns for a patient following bariatric surgery.​

Accepted Answer

bariatric surgery is currently considere

Question 15

Matching​
-​Sjögren's syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion" 
A) ​difficulty passing food through the esophagus 
B) ​a condition characterized by backward flow of the stomach's acidic contents into the esophagus 
C) ​inflammation in the esophagus resulting from the reflux of acidic stomach contents 
D) ​an open sore in the GI mucosa 
E) ​abnormally low gastric acid secretions
F)​difficulty transferring food from the mouth and pharynx to the esophagus to initiate the swallowing process
G)​surgery that treats severe obesity
H)​abnormal narrowing of a passageway; often due to inflammation, scarring, or a congenital abnormality
I)​disease that involves the connective tissues that support the teeth
J)​inflammation of stomach tissue
K)​mineralized dental plaque, often associated with inflammation and progressive gum disease
L)​a film of bacteria and bacterial by-products that accumulates on the tooth surface
M)​an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of secretory glands, resulting in dry mouth and dry eyes
N)inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding​
O)​a blockage that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum
P)​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine
Q)inflammation or degeneration of the tissues that support the teeth​
R)​dry mouth caused by reduced salivary flow
S)​an esophageal disorder characterized by weakened peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
T)​symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, often called "indigestion"

Question 16

The most effective medications for suppressing gastric acid secretion are _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​H2 blockers 
B)  ​proton-pump inhibitors 
C)  ​antacids 
D)  ​NSAIDs 
E)  ​antibiotics 
A)  ​H2 blockers 
B)  ​proton-pump inhibitors 
C)  ​antacids 
D)  ​NSAIDs 
E)  ​antibiotics

Question 17

Dental caries are caused by _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​bacteria that produce acids that attack tooth enamel 
B)  ​excessive fluoride intake that attacks tooth enamel 
C)  ​high-fiber foods that cause carbohydrate to stick to teeth 
D)  ​excessive consumption of sugar that eats into teeth 
E)  ​a genetic predisposition to the breakdown of tooth enamel 
A)  ​bacteria that produce acids that attack tooth enamel 
B)  ​excessive fluoride intake that attacks tooth enamel 
C)  ​high-fiber foods that cause carbohydrate to stick to teeth 
D)  ​excessive consumption of sugar that eats into teeth 
E)  ​a genetic predisposition to the breakdown of tooth enamel

Question 18

​The nurse recognizes that a patient with peptic ulcer disease should avoid foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal lining, such as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​alcohol, coffee, and spicy foods 
B)  ​eggs, spareribs, and cheese 
C)  ​tea, orange juice, and potato chips 
D)  ​apples, broccoli, and sweet potatoes 
E)  ​yogurt, ice cream, and margarine 
A)  ​alcohol, coffee, and spicy foods 
B)  ​eggs, spareribs, and cheese 
C)  ​tea, orange juice, and potato chips 
D)  ​apples, broccoli, and sweet potatoes 
E)  ​yogurt, ice cream, and margarine

Question 19

Mr. Green uses NSAIDs regularly to control chronic pain and complains of frequent stomach pain. The nurse recognizes this as gastritis and realizes that he may be at risk for deficiencies of _____. ​

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium and phosphorous​ 
B)  ​iron and vitamin B12 
C)  ​sodium and potassium 
D)  ​vitamins C and E 
E)  ​magnesium and vitamin D 
A)  calcium and phosphorous​ 
B)  ​iron and vitamin B12 
C)  ​sodium and potassium 
D)  ​vitamins C and E 
E)  ​magnesium and vitamin D

Question 20

Which risk factor is most closely associated with development of periodontal disease?​

Accepted Answer

A)  Dysphagia​ 
B)  ​Use of antihypertensive drugs 
C)  ​Epilepsy 
D)  ​Atherosclerosis 
E)  ​Pregnancy 
A)  Dysphagia​ 
B)  ​Use of antihypertensive drugs 
C)  ​Epilepsy 
D)  ​Atherosclerosis 
E)  ​Pregnancy

Exam 17: Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

A condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes above the diaphragm is known as _____.​

Rapid weight loss following bariatric surgery increases the risk of developing _____.​

The protein recommendation for bariatric surgery patients is _____. ​

Caries develops when the bacteria that reside in dental plaque metabolize dietary carbohydrates and produce acids that attack tooth enamel.​

Matching​ -​peptic ulcer

Hypochlorhydria may most likely result from what condition?​

What food would most likely stimulate saliva flow and neutralize acids in the mouth?​

Matching​ -​reflux esophagitis

A major factor associated in the development of both gastritis and peptic ulcer disease is _____.​

According to the National Dysphagia Diet, what food is allowed for a patient in Level 2: Dysphagia Mechanically Altered foods?​

Matching​ -​dental plaque

Describe the nutritional concerns for a patient following bariatric surgery.​

Matching​ -​Sjögren's syndrome

The most effective medications for suppressing gastric acid secretion are _____.​

Dental caries are caused by _____.​

​The nurse recognizes that a patient with peptic ulcer disease should avoid foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal lining, such as _____.

Mr. Green uses NSAIDs regularly to control chronic pain and complains of frequent stomach pain. The nurse recognizes this as gastritis and realizes that he may be at risk for deficiencies of _____. ​

Which risk factor is most closely associated with development of periodontal disease?​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

A condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes above the diaphragm is known as _____.

Rapid weight loss following bariatric surgery increases the risk of developing _____.

The protein recommendation for bariatric surgery patients is _____.

Caries develops when the bacteria that reside in dental plaque metabolize dietary carbohydrates and produce acids that attack tooth enamel.

Matching -peptic ulcer

Hypochlorhydria may most likely result from what condition?

What food would most likely stimulate saliva flow and neutralize acids in the mouth?

Matching -reflux esophagitis

A major factor associated in the development of both gastritis and peptic ulcer disease is _____.

According to the National Dysphagia Diet, what food is allowed for a patient in Level 2: Dysphagia Mechanically Altered foods?

Matching -dental plaque

Describe the nutritional concerns for a patient following bariatric surgery.

Matching -Sjögren's syndrome

The most effective medications for suppressing gastric acid secretion are _____.

Dental caries are caused by _____.

The nurse recognizes that a patient with peptic ulcer disease should avoid foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal lining, such as _____.

Mr. Green uses NSAIDs regularly to control chronic pain and complains of frequent stomach pain. The nurse recognizes this as gastritis and realizes that he may be at risk for deficiencies of _____.

Which risk factor is most closely associated with development of periodontal disease?