Question 1

Discuss the relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and respiratory illnesses. ​

Accepted Answer

Dental diseases may have adverse effects on health beyond their effects on teeth. The bacteria that reside on dental tissues can enter the bloodstream and travel to other tissues; therefore, they may be able to trigger immune responses or cause infections elsewhere in the body. The inflammatory process induced by periodontal pathogens may increase levels of cytokines and other mediators that accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, periodontal bacteria may enter the bloodstream and contribute to the processes of arterial plaque formation or blood clotting. The chronic inflammation caused by periodontal disease can exacerbate insulin resistance and provoke events leading to type 2 diabetes. Severe periodontal disease has also been linked to poor glycemic control in persons with diabetes. Clinical studies suggest a link between pneumonia and poor oral health. In addition, dental treatment and improvements in oral health have been associated with significant reductions in respiratory diseases in institutionalized older adults.

Question 2

James Hammond is a 37-year-old business executive. He travels worldwide and has a very stressful schedule. He self-diagnosed an episode of food poisoning. However, after 5 days of nausea, vomiting, and blood in his stool, he visits his physician and is diagnosed with gastritis. Which beverage should Mr. Hammond consume while being treated for gastritis?

Accepted Answer

A) coffee 
B) tea 
C) cola 
D) apple juice 
A) coffee 
B) tea 
C) cola 
D) apple juice D

Question 3

What suggestion would most likely help to manage xerostomia?

Accepted Answer

A) Consume foods with high fluid content, such as soup. 
B) Take frequent sips of carbonated beverages. 
C) Avoid wearing clothes that are too tight around the waist. 
D) Chew gum or chewing tobacco to stimulate saliva. 
A) Consume foods with high fluid content, such as soup. 
B) Take frequent sips of carbonated beverages. 
C) Avoid wearing clothes that are too tight around the waist. 
D) Chew gum or chewing tobacco to stimulate saliva. A

Question 4

What is a symptom of early dumping syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) anxiety 
B) headache 
C) palpitations 
D) flushing 
A) anxiety 
B) headache 
C) palpitations 
D) flushing

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: absence of gastric acid secretion

Accepted Answer

The Answer of gastroparesis and Barrett's esophagus and gastric outlet is...

Question 6

What increases risk of GERD by increasing pressure in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) chocolate 
B) wearing tight clothing 
C) diazepam 
D) cigarette smoking 
A) chocolate 
B) wearing tight clothing 
C) diazepam 
D) cigarette smoking

Question 7

In a partial gastrectomy, only part of the stomach is removed and the remaining portion is connected to the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) pyloric sphincter 
B) ileum 
C) duodenum 
D) lower esophageal sphincter 
A) pyloric sphincter 
B) ileum 
C) duodenum 
D) lower esophageal sphincter

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: surgery in which diseased portions of the stomach are removed

Accepted Answer

The Answer of gastroparesis and Barrett's esophagus and dyspepsia and is...

Question 9

Discuss the dietary interventions to help decrease nausea and vomiting. ​

Accepted Answer

Sometimes nausea can be prevented or imp

Question 10

Discuss the risk factors for periodontal disease and potential strategies for reducing risk. ​

Accepted Answer

Dental plaque is the primary risk factor

Question 11

What food should be avoided in Level 3 of the National Dysphagia Diet?

Accepted Answer

A) clam chowder 
B) poached eggs 
C) canned fruit salad 
D) fruit yogurt 
A) clam chowder 
B) poached eggs 
C) canned fruit salad 
D) fruit yogurt

Question 12

Which beverage is recommended on a postgastrectomy diet?

Accepted Answer

A) decaffeinated coffee 
B) honey-sweetened beverages 
C) regular cola 
D) alcohol 
A) decaffeinated coffee 
B) honey-sweetened beverages 
C) regular cola 
D) alcohol

Question 13

The postgastrectomy diet includes ____.

Accepted Answer

A) fluid with meals 
B) refined carbohydrates 
C) foods high in fat 
D) supplementation with calcium and vitamin D 
A) fluid with meals 
B) refined carbohydrates 
C) foods high in fat 
D) supplementation with calcium and vitamin D

Question 14

As plaque invades the space below the gumline of the teeth, ____ can damage the tissues that hold the tooth in place. ​

Accepted Answer

A) toxic bacterial by-products 
B) calculus 
C) caries 
D) salivary amylase 
A) toxic bacterial by-products 
B) calculus 
C) caries 
D) salivary amylase

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: disease that affects the connective tissue structures that support the teeth

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Barrett's esophagus and histamine-2 receptor blockers and is...

Question 16

James Hammond is a 37-year-old business executive. He travels worldwide and has a very stressful schedule. He self-diagnosed an episode of food poisoning. However, after 5 days of nausea, vomiting, and blood in his stool, he visits his physician and is diagnosed with gastritis. Mr. Hammond is prescribed antibiotics. Based on that, which is most likely to be the primary cause of his gastritis?

Accepted Answer

A) intake of alcohol 
B) Helicobacter pylori 
C) radiation therapy 
D) bile reflux 
A) intake of alcohol 
B) Helicobacter pylori 
C) radiation therapy 
D) bile reflux

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: an inability to move a food bolus through the esophagus; usually due to an obstruction or a motility

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypochlorhydria and hiatal hernia and acute gastritis is...

Question 18

Cassandra Lyons is a 73-year-old retired administrative assistant. She has had recurrent episodes of pneumonia with weight loss for the past 5 months. Her past medical history includes high cholesterol and diabetes. Once again she is admitted to the hospital. Possible causes of Cassandra's condition include ____.

Accepted Answer

A) stroke 
B) achalasia 
C) emphysema 
D) esophageal cancer 
A) stroke 
B) achalasia 
C) emphysema 
D) esophageal cancer

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: delayed gastric emptying, most often because of diabetes or neurological disorders

Accepted Answer

The Answer of oropharyngeal dysphagia and hypochlorhydria and hiatal hernia is...

Question 20

Which nutrient is often needed in supplemental amounts after gastric surgeries?

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin D 
B) selenium 
C) magnesium 
D) vitamin C 
A) vitamin D 
B) selenium 
C) magnesium 
D) vitamin C

Exam 23: Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Discuss the relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and respiratory illnesses. ​

What suggestion would most likely help to manage xerostomia?

What is a symptom of early dumping syndrome?

What increases risk of GERD by increasing pressure in the stomach?

In a partial gastrectomy, only part of the stomach is removed and the remaining portion is connected to the ____.

Discuss the dietary interventions to help decrease nausea and vomiting. ​

Discuss the risk factors for periodontal disease and potential strategies for reducing risk. ​

What food should be avoided in Level 3 of the National Dysphagia Diet?

Which beverage is recommended on a postgastrectomy diet?

The postgastrectomy diet includes ____.

As plaque invades the space below the gumline of the teeth, ____ can damage the tissues that hold the tooth in place. ​

Which nutrient is often needed in supplemental amounts after gastric surgeries?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Discuss the relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and respiratory illnesses.

Discuss the dietary interventions to help decrease nausea and vomiting.

Discuss the risk factors for periodontal disease and potential strategies for reducing risk.

As plaque invades the space below the gumline of the teeth, ____ can damage the tissues that hold the tooth in place.