Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: blood in the urine

Accepted Answer

The Answer of diuresis and hyperoxaluria and hematuria and hypercalciuria is...

Question 2

Diets high in vitamin D and calcium are recommended for children with nephrotic syndrome to prevent ____.

Accepted Answer

A) beriberi 
B) marasmus 
C) nephrosclerosis 
D) rickets 
A) beriberi 
B) marasmus 
C) nephrosclerosis 
D) rickets D

Question 3

What best describes the function of the ureter?

Accepted Answer

A) storing urine before it is excreted 
B) conducting urine from the kidneys to the bladder 
C) transporting urine from the bladder to outside of the body 
D) carrying blood from the kidneys back to the heart 
A) storing urine before it is excreted 
B) conducting urine from the kidneys to the bladder 
C) transporting urine from the bladder to outside of the body 
D) carrying blood from the kidneys back to the heart B

Question 4

In the nephrotic syndrome, the liver attempts to compensate for the loss in protein by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing its synthesis of various plasma proteins 
B) decreasing glomerular permeability 
C) increasing albumin levels 
D) increasing its synthesis of various plasma proteins 
A) decreasing its synthesis of various plasma proteins 
B) decreasing glomerular permeability 
C) increasing albumin levels 
D) increasing its synthesis of various plasma proteins

Question 5

For patients with nephrotic syndrome, the recommended daily protein intake is ____ g/kg body weight .

Accepted Answer

A) 0.4 to 0.6 
B) 0.6 to 0.8 
C) 0.8 to 1.0 
D) 1.0 to 1.2 
A) 0.4 to 0.6 
B) 0.6 to 0.8 
C) 0.8 to 1.0 
D) 1.0 to 1.2

Question 6

Jasmine Singh is 25 years old. She has had frequent urinary tract infections over the past 3 years. She makes an appointment with her physician after an episode of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. At her doctor's office, Jasmine provides a urine sample. Testing confirms blood in her urine. This indicates ____.

Accepted Answer

A) renal colic 
B) hematuria 
C) acute kidney injury 
D) ketones 
A) renal colic 
B) hematuria 
C) acute kidney injury 
D) ketones

Question 7

Which item is a high-potassium food?

Accepted Answer

A) honeydew  melon 
B) watermelon 
C) avocado 
D) blueberries 
A) honeydew  melon 
B) watermelon 
C) avocado 
D) blueberries

Question 8

The nephrotic syndrome is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and a sharply increased risk of heart disease and ____.

Accepted Answer

A) liver disease 
B) stomach cancer 
C) stroke 
D) hypertension 
A) liver disease 
B) stomach cancer 
C) stroke 
D) hypertension

Question 9

Daniel is a 10-year-old boy who has just been diagnosed with the nephrotic syndrome. Which condition might he develop as a result?

Accepted Answer

A) beriberi 
B) pellagra 
C) anemia 
D) rickets 
A) beriberi 
B) pellagra 
C) anemia 
D) rickets

Question 10

Approximately ____ percent of patients with end-stage renal disease have a kidney transplant.

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 40 
D) 55 
A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 40 
D) 55

Question 11

Reduced kidney function can cause nitrogen-containing waste products, such as ____, to accumulate in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia 
B) creatinine 
C) amino acids 
D) lipids 
A) ammonia 
B) creatinine 
C) amino acids 
D) lipids

Question 12

Jasmine Singh is 25 years old. She has had frequent urinary tract infections over the past 3 years. She makes an appointment with her physician after an episode of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Jasmine has been diagnosed with a kidney stone. The blood in Jasmine's urine is most likely a result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) damage from the stone passing through the ureter 
B) irritation of the lining of the bladder 
C) infection from the stone obstructing the convoluted tubules 
D) ketones in the urine from elevated glucose 
A) damage from the stone passing through the ureter 
B) irritation of the lining of the bladder 
C) infection from the stone obstructing the convoluted tubules 
D) ketones in the urine from elevated glucose

Question 13

What condition most often develops as a result of acid - base imbalance associated with chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

A) fatty liver disease 
B) gastroesophageal reflux 
C) dumping syndrome 
D) bone disease 
A) fatty liver disease 
B) gastroesophageal reflux 
C) dumping syndrome 
D) bone disease

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: removal of fluids and wastes by using the peritoneal membrane as a filter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of renal osteodystrophy and hypercalcemia and hematuria and is...

Question 15

In patients with the nephrotic syndrome, energy intake of about ____ kcalories per kilogram of body weight daily will sustain weight and spare protein.

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 25 
C) 35 
D) 45 
A) 15 
B) 25 
C) 35 
D) 45

Question 16

What best describes renal colic?

Accepted Answer

A) urination urgency as a result of kidney stone obstruction 
B) sharp stabbing pain as a kidney stone passes through the ureter 
C) a kidney infection that develops due to struvite kidney stones 
D) crystallized urine that has backed up into the kidneys 
A) urination urgency as a result of kidney stone obstruction 
B) sharp stabbing pain as a kidney stone passes through the ureter 
C) a kidney infection that develops due to struvite kidney stones 
D) crystallized urine that has backed up into the kidneys

Question 17

Depending on individual condition and laboratory results with acute kidney injury, phosphorus would most likely be restricted to ____ mg/kg  per day.

Accepted Answer

A) 8 to 15 
B) 20 to 35 
C) 50 to 60 
D) 70 to 75 
A) 8 to 15 
B) 20 to 35 
C) 50 to 60 
D) 70 to 75

Question 18

What is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury?

Accepted Answer

A) transfusion reaction 
B) pregnancy 
C) renal artery stenosis 
D) bladder rupture 
A) transfusion reaction 
B) pregnancy 
C) renal artery stenosis 
D) bladder rupture

Question 19

Supplements of folic acid prescribed for dialysis patients are typically ____ mg daily.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 20 
A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 20

Question 20

The rate at which filtrate is formed within the kidney is normally about ____ mL/min .

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 125 
A) 15 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 125

Exam 28: Kidney Diseases

Diets high in vitamin D and calcium are recommended for children with nephrotic syndrome to prevent ____.

What best describes the function of the ureter?

In the nephrotic syndrome, the liver attempts to compensate for the loss in protein by ____.

For patients with nephrotic syndrome, the recommended daily protein intake is ____ g/kg body weight .

Which item is a high-potassium food?

The nephrotic syndrome is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and a sharply increased risk of heart disease and ____.

Daniel is a 10-year-old boy who has just been diagnosed with the nephrotic syndrome. Which condition might he develop as a result?

Approximately ____ percent of patients with end-stage renal disease have a kidney transplant.

Reduced kidney function can cause nitrogen-containing waste products, such as ____, to accumulate in the blood.

What condition most often develops as a result of acid - base imbalance associated with chronic kidney disease?

In patients with the nephrotic syndrome, energy intake of about ____ kcalories per kilogram of body weight daily will sustain weight and spare protein.

What best describes renal colic?

Depending on individual condition and laboratory results with acute kidney injury, phosphorus would most likely be restricted to ____ mg/kg per day.

What is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury?

Supplements of folic acid prescribed for dialysis patients are typically ____ mg daily.

The rate at which filtrate is formed within the kidney is normally about ____ mL/min .

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters