Question 1

The primary symptom of new-onset liver disease that often goes unnoticed is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) anorexia 
B) weight loss 
C) fatigue 
D) weight gain 
A) anorexia 
B) weight loss 
C) fatigue 
D) weight gain C

Question 2

Explain the importance of adequate nutrition support for patients before and following a liver transplant. ​

Accepted Answer

Advanced liver disease is usually associated with malnutrition, which can increase the risk of complications following a liver transplant. Evaluating nutrition status in transplant candidates can be difficult, however, because liver dysfunction and malnutrition often have similar metabolic effects. In addition, the presence of edema or ascites can alter anthropometric values and mask weight loss. Correcting malnutrition prior to transplant surgery can help to speed recovery after the surgery . The stress associated with transplant surgery increases protein and energy requirements. High-kcalorie, high-protein snacks and oral supplements can help the transplant patient meet postsurgical needs. Vitamin and mineral supplementation is also an integral part of nutrition care. To help transplant patients avoid developing foodborne illnesses, health practitioners should provide information about food safety measures, such as cooking foods adequately, washing fresh produce, and avoiding foods that may be contaminated.

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hepatic encephalopathy and sinusoids and ascites and is...

Question 4

Discuss the types of blood-related drug-nutrient interactions and anemias that can occur as a result of medication use. List some examples of the effects of medications and resulting anemia. ​

Accepted Answer

Anemia is among the adverse effects that

Question 5

The majority of gallstones are composed primarily of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) bile pigment 
C) chloride salts 
D) uric acid 
A) cholesterol 
B) bile pigment 
C) chloride salts 
D) uric acid

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: the small capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sludge and collaterals and ascites and hepatic is...

Question 7

Identify the etiology of the three common strains of the hepatitis virus. Describe the treatments and medical nutrition therapy for hepatitis.

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A virus (HAVis primarily sprea

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: removal of excess fluid with a surgical puncture and aspirator

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hepatic encephalopathy and hepatitis and sinusoids and is...

Question 9

Veronica Riley-O'Brien is a 30-year-old mother of two young boys (Tyler, 4 years old, and Ethan, 6 weeks old). Veronica is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 126 pounds. She is having difficulty sleeping due to pain in her abdomen and back. She calls her doctor this morning because the pain has intensified. Which factor places Ms. Riley-O'Brien most at risk for gallstones?

Accepted Answer

A) African American race 
B) relatively young age 
C) recent pregnancy 
D) normal weight 
A) African American race 
B) relatively young age 
C) recent pregnancy 
D) normal weight

Question 10

Pharmacological management of gallstones with ursodeoxycholic acid may require ____ until the cholesterol crystals dissolve.

Accepted Answer

A) 3  to  6 weeks 
B) 6  to  10 weeks 
C) 3  to  6 months 
D) 6  to  18 months 
A) 3  to  6 weeks 
B) 6  to  10 weeks 
C) 3  to  6 months 
D) 6  to  18 months

Question 11

A number of herbal remedies are reported to cause hepatitis, including ____.

Accepted Answer

A) St. John's wort 
B) ma huang 
C) Echinacea 
D) ginseng 
A) St. John's wort 
B) ma huang 
C) Echinacea 
D) ginseng

Question 12

Veronica Riley-O'Brien is a 30-year-old mother of two young boys (Tyler, 4 years old, and Ethan, 6 weeks old). Veronica is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 126 pounds. She is having difficulty sleeping due to pain in her abdomen and back. She calls her doctor this morning because the pain has intensified. Riley-O'Brien is diagnosed with gallstones. In addition to abdominal pain, what other symptom might she experience?

Accepted Answer

A) edema 
B) confusion 
C) headache 
D) vomiting 
A) edema 
B) confusion 
C) headache 
D) vomiting

Question 13

Which measure may be normal or decreased in patients with liver disease?

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia 
B) gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 
C) blood urea nitrogen 
D) alanine aminotransferase 
A) ammonia 
B) gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 
C) blood urea nitrogen 
D) alanine aminotransferase

Question 14

Hepatitis B has infected _____ of the world's population.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10 percent 
B) one-quarter 
C) one-third 
D) one-half 
A) less than 10 percent 
B) one-quarter 
C) one-third 
D) one-half

Question 15

A patient who has undergone cholecystectomy is at risk for ____ due to an increased amount of bile in the large intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) constipation 
B) dyspepsia 
C) diarrhea 
D) jaundice 
A) constipation 
B) dyspepsia 
C) diarrhea 
D) jaundice

Question 16

If bile obstruction occurs with cirrhosis, the patient will most likely develop ____.

Accepted Answer

A) hypertension 
B) pruritus 
C) diaphoresis 
D) urinary retention 
A) hypertension 
B) pruritus 
C) diaphoresis 
D) urinary retention

Question 17

Which type of medication would most likely be administered to a patient with cirrhosis to control ascites?

Accepted Answer

A) diuretics 
B) anti-inflammatories 
C) antibiotics 
D) pancreatic enzyme supplements 
A) diuretics 
B) anti-inflammatories 
C) antibiotics 
D) pancreatic enzyme supplements

Question 18

Veronica Riley-O'Brien is a 30-year-old mother of two young boys (Tyler, 4 years old, and Ethan, 6 weeks old). Veronica is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 126 pounds. She is having difficulty sleeping due to pain in her abdomen and back. She calls her doctor this morning because the pain has intensified. Ms. Riley-O'Brien's gallstone risk was high during her recent pregnancy due to hormonal changes that affect the conversion of cholesterol into ____.

Accepted Answer

A) bile 
B) estrogen 
C) progesterone 
D) bilirubin 
A) bile 
B) estrogen 
C) progesterone 
D) bilirubin

Question 19

Veronica Riley-O'Brien is a 30-year-old mother of two young boys (Tyler, 4 years old, and Ethan, 6 weeks old). Veronica is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 126 pounds. She is having difficulty sleeping due to pain in her abdomen and back. She calls her doctor this morning because the pain has intensified. What is a complication of gallstones that can lead to infection?

Accepted Answer

A) cirrhosis 
B) ascites 
C) edema 
D) cholecystitis 
A) cirrhosis 
B) ascites 
C) edema 
D) cholecystitis

Question 20

John has severe ascites due to advanced cirrhosis. He is scheduled to undergo a procedure that will use a surgical puncture to draw excess fluid out of his abdomen. What is this procedure called?

Accepted Answer

A) shock-wave lithotripsy 
B) paracentesis 
C) peritoneovenous shunt 
D) peristenotic aspiration 
A) shock-wave lithotripsy 
B) paracentesis 
C) peritoneovenous shunt 
D) peristenotic aspiration

Exam 25: Liver Disease and Gallstones

The primary symptom of new-onset liver disease that often goes unnoticed is ____.

Explain the importance of adequate nutrition support for patients before and following a liver transplant. ​

Discuss the types of blood-related drug-nutrient interactions and anemias that can occur as a result of medication use. List some examples of the effects of medications and resulting anemia. ​

The majority of gallstones are composed primarily of ____.

Identify the etiology of the three common strains of the hepatitis virus. Describe the treatments and medical nutrition therapy for hepatitis.

Pharmacological management of gallstones with ursodeoxycholic acid may require ____ until the cholesterol crystals dissolve.

A number of herbal remedies are reported to cause hepatitis, including ____.

Which measure may be normal or decreased in patients with liver disease?

Hepatitis B has infected _____ of the world's population.

A patient who has undergone cholecystectomy is at risk for ____ due to an increased amount of bile in the large intestine.

If bile obstruction occurs with cirrhosis, the patient will most likely develop ____.

Which type of medication would most likely be administered to a patient with cirrhosis to control ascites?

John has severe ascites due to advanced cirrhosis. He is scheduled to undergo a procedure that will use a surgical puncture to draw excess fluid out of his abdomen. What is this procedure called?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Explain the importance of adequate nutrition support for patients before and following a liver transplant.

Discuss the types of blood-related drug-nutrient interactions and anemias that can occur as a result of medication use. List some examples of the effects of medications and resulting anemia.