Question 1

Why are the elderly more vulnerable to adverse effects from medications than other populations?

Accepted Answer

A) impaired function of the liver or kidneys 
B) inability to afford multiple medications 
C) the focus on older adults among clinical trials 
D) susceptibility to acute infections 
A) impaired function of the liver or kidneys 
B) inability to afford multiple medications 
C) the focus on older adults among clinical trials 
D) susceptibility to acute infections A

Question 2

What intervention would most likely reduce the risk of adverse effects from medications?

Accepted Answer

A) A dvise patients to take the drugs on a continuous schedule. 
B) ​T ell the patient to write down side effects after he has finished the prescription. 
C) ​E ncourage a patient to call the physician or nurse prior to taking each dose of the medication. 
D) ​O btain a list of all drugs and herbal supplements the patient is taking. 
A) A dvise patients to take the drugs on a continuous schedule. 
B) ​T ell the patient to write down side effects after he has finished the prescription. 
C) ​E ncourage a patient to call the physician or nurse prior to taking each dose of the medication. 
D) ​O btain a list of all drugs and herbal supplements the patient is taking. D

Question 3

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. ​ Emma should ____.

Accepted Answer

A) take any pill 
B) contact her pharmacist 
C) stop her medications 
D) purchase OTC medications instead 
A) take any pill 
B) contact her pharmacist 
C) stop her medications 
D) purchase OTC medications instead B

Question 4

What describes a potential adverse effect of using St. John's wort? ​

Accepted Answer

A) skin photosensitivity 
B) heartburn 
C) liver damage 
D) weight gain 
A) skin photosensitivity 
B) heartburn 
C) liver damage 
D) weight gain

Question 5

In a university study that evaluated the authenticity of 44 single-herb supplements, ____ percent of the products were found to contain a completely different plant species than was listed on the label. ​

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 32 
C) 49 
D) 61 
A) 12 
B) 32 
C) 49 
D) 61

Question 6

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. Which of Ralph's medications is an OTC drug? ​

Accepted Answer

A) aspirin 
B) lovastatin 
C) warfarin 
D) hydrochlorothiazide 
A) aspirin 
B) lovastatin 
C) warfarin 
D) hydrochlorothiazide

Question 7

A drug that alters taste and smell may interact with diet by altering ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) food intake 
B) motivation to take the drug 
C) nutrient absorption 
D) nutrient excretion 
A) food intake 
B) motivation to take the drug 
C) nutrient absorption 
D) nutrient excretion

Question 8

To gain FDA approval, a generic drug must ____.

Accepted Answer

A) be less expensive than the original drug 
B) have the exact bioavailability as the brand-name drug 
C) have a similar name as the brand-name drug 
D) contain the same ingredients as the original drug 
A) be less expensive than the original drug 
B) have the exact bioavailability as the brand-name drug 
C) have a similar name as the brand-name drug 
D) contain the same ingredients as the original drug

Question 9

Methotrexate resembles ____ in structure and competes with it for the enzyme that converts it to its active form. ​

Accepted Answer

A) iron 
B) folate 
C) phosphorus 
D) calcium 
A) iron 
B) folate 
C) phosphorus 
D) calcium

Question 10

Which herbal preparation has been associated with the occurrence of mouth and tongue sores? ​

Accepted Answer

A) saw palmetto 
B) feverfew 
C) ginseng 
D) yohimbe 
A) saw palmetto 
B) feverfew 
C) ginseng 
D) yohimbe

Question 11

What best explains why older adults are at higher risk of drug interactions with herbal supplements? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Older adults are more likely to take more than three different medications at a time. 
B) The bodies of older adults cannot process herbal supplements at all. 
C) Older adults do not always understand how to buy the correct supplements for what they need. 
D) The herbal supplements provided to older adults are more likely to have fillers and toxic agents. 
A) Older adults are more likely to take more than three different medications at a time. 
B) The bodies of older adults cannot process herbal supplements at all. 
C) Older adults do not always understand how to buy the correct supplements for what they need. 
D) The herbal supplements provided to older adults are more likely to have fillers and toxic agents.

Question 12

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. This situation may have been prevented by identifying Emma as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) part of a low-risk group 
B) one who takes multiple medications 
C) one who needs herbal products 
D) one who should consider alternative medicine 
A) part of a low-risk group 
B) one who takes multiple medications 
C) one who needs herbal products 
D) one who should consider alternative medicine

Question 13

Briefly describe the concept of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). ​

Accepted Answer

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCMinclude

Question 14

Which herbal preparation may be taken to reduce blood clotting? ​

Accepted Answer

A) St. John's wort 
B) garlic 
C) ginseng 
D) valerian 
A) St. John's wort 
B) garlic 
C) ginseng 
D) valerian

Question 15

Altered excretion of potassium, magnesium, and calcium are side effects associated with the use of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) narcotics 
B) antihypertensives 
C) diuretics 
D) laxatives 
A) narcotics 
B) antihypertensives 
C) diuretics 
D) laxatives

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: process whereby one drug alters the effects of another drug and the risk of side effects increases

Accepted Answer

The Answer of megestrol acetate and antineoplastic and Ayurveda and is...

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: a traditional medical system from India that promotes the use of diet, herbs, meditation, massage, and yoga for preventing and treating illness

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Ayurveda and megestrol acetate and generic drugs is...

Question 18

In what ways are over-the-counter and prescription medications different? ​

Accepted Answer

Prescription drugs are usually given to

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: process whereby substances in the diet alter the effectiveness of drugs and drugs may affect food intake or nutrient metabolism

Accepted Answer

The Answer of medication error and National Center for Complementary is...

Question 20

Dietary and herbal supplements that can interact with warfarin include ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) dong quai 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin C 
D) Echinacea 
A) dong quai 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin C 
D) Echinacea

Exam 19: Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Why are the elderly more vulnerable to adverse effects from medications than other populations?

What intervention would most likely reduce the risk of adverse effects from medications?

What describes a potential adverse effect of using St. John's wort? ​

In a university study that evaluated the authenticity of 44 single-herb supplements, ____ percent of the products were found to contain a completely different plant species than was listed on the label. ​

A drug that alters taste and smell may interact with diet by altering ____. ​

To gain FDA approval, a generic drug must ____.

Methotrexate resembles ____ in structure and competes with it for the enzyme that converts it to its active form. ​

Which herbal preparation has been associated with the occurrence of mouth and tongue sores? ​

What best explains why older adults are at higher risk of drug interactions with herbal supplements? ​

Briefly describe the concept of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). ​

Which herbal preparation may be taken to reduce blood clotting? ​

Altered excretion of potassium, magnesium, and calcium are side effects associated with the use of ____. ​

In what ways are over-the-counter and prescription medications different? ​

Dietary and herbal supplements that can interact with warfarin include ____. ​

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

What describes a potential adverse effect of using St. John's wort?

In a university study that evaluated the authenticity of 44 single-herb supplements, ____ percent of the products were found to contain a completely different plant species than was listed on the label.

A drug that alters taste and smell may interact with diet by altering ____.

Methotrexate resembles ____ in structure and competes with it for the enzyme that converts it to its active form.

Which herbal preparation has been associated with the occurrence of mouth and tongue sores?

What best explains why older adults are at higher risk of drug interactions with herbal supplements?

Briefly describe the concept of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Which herbal preparation may be taken to reduce blood clotting?

Altered excretion of potassium, magnesium, and calcium are side effects associated with the use of ____.

In what ways are over-the-counter and prescription medications different?

Dietary and herbal supplements that can interact with warfarin include ____.