Question 1

The products of an endocrine gland

Accepted Answer

A)  only affect their own tissues. 
B)  can have a digestive function. 
C)  always stimulate the target tissue. 
D)  generally have to travel to reach the target tissue. 
E)  are not produced by cells in organs, such as the heart. 
A)  only affect their own tissues. 
B)  can have a digestive function. 
C)  always stimulate the target tissue. 
D)  generally have to travel to reach the target tissue. 
E)  are not produced by cells in organs, such as the heart.

Question 2

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical endocrine signaling 
B)  Neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  Paracrine signaling 
D)  Autocrine signaling 
E)  Pheromone signaling 
A)  Classical endocrine signaling 
B)  Neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  Paracrine signaling 
D)  Autocrine signaling 
E)  Pheromone signaling

Question 3

The principal mineralocorticoid is

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  ACTH. 
A)  ADH. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  ACTH.

Question 4

Insulin is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
C)  cortical cells of the adrenal gland. 
D)  neurons in the hypothalamus. 
E)  lobules of the liver. 
A)  beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
C)  cortical cells of the adrenal gland. 
D)  neurons in the hypothalamus. 
E)  lobules of the liver.

Question 5

Figure 49-1 ​
 
​
Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10

Question 6

The ____ produce(s) ____, which influences biological rhythms and the onset of sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland; thyroid stimulating hormone 
B)  pituitary gland; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C)  pineal gland; melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex; cortisol 
E)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone 
A)  pituitary gland; thyroid stimulating hormone 
B)  pituitary gland; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C)  pineal gland; melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex; cortisol 
E)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone

Question 7

Calcium ions may act with phospholipid second messengers by binding to ____, which then regulates other proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  calmodulin 
D)  phosphodiesterase 
E)  protein kinase 
A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  calmodulin 
D)  phosphodiesterase 
E)  protein kinase

Question 8

What is a symptom of Cushing's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of ability to cope with stress 
B)  Constant mild inflammatory response 
C)  Abnormally large face and hands 
D)  Fat deposition around the trunk 
E)  Intellectual disability 
A)  Loss of ability to cope with stress 
B)  Constant mild inflammatory response 
C)  Abnormally large face and hands 
D)  Fat deposition around the trunk 
E)  Intellectual disability

Question 9

Insulin-like growth factors can induce which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promote exponential growth of the skeleton 
B)  Stimulate degradation of cartilage 
C)  Promote protein synthesis 
D)  Promote mobilization of fat 
E)  Decrease organ size 
A)  Promote exponential growth of the skeleton 
B)  Stimulate degradation of cartilage 
C)  Promote protein synthesis 
D)  Promote mobilization of fat 
E)  Decrease organ size

Question 10

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system responds

Accepted Answer

A)  more quickly but may have long-lasting effects. 
B)  more quickly and may have more short-term effects. 
C)  more slowly and may have long-lasting effects. 
D)  more slowly but may have more short-term effects. 
E)  about the same and has similar effects. 
A)  more quickly but may have long-lasting effects. 
B)  more quickly and may have more short-term effects. 
C)  more slowly and may have long-lasting effects. 
D)  more slowly but may have more short-term effects. 
E)  about the same and has similar effects.

Question 11

Insulin promotes the storage of glucose by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating protein synthesis. 
B)  increasing the use of fatty acids as fuel. 
C)  promoting the liver to release glucose. 
D)  stimulating fatty acid release by adipose tissue. 
E)  inhibiting glycogen formation. 
A)  stimulating protein synthesis. 
B)  increasing the use of fatty acids as fuel. 
C)  promoting the liver to release glucose. 
D)  stimulating fatty acid release by adipose tissue. 
E)  inhibiting glycogen formation.

Question 12

Chronic stress

Accepted Answer

A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton. 
A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton.

Question 13

When blood glucose concentration is high, pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, and consequently blood glucose concentration is increased.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

After a steroid hormone binds its receptor, the hormone-receptor complex then

Accepted Answer

A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates a protein kinase. 
C)  activates adenylyl cyclase. 
D)  activates calmodulin. 
E)  binds DNA. 
A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates a protein kinase. 
C)  activates adenylyl cyclase. 
D)  activates calmodulin. 
E)  binds DNA.

Question 15

The ____ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas 
B)  pineal 
C)  pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid 
A)  pancreas 
B)  pineal 
C)  pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: Adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

The Answer of regulates sodium excretion by the kidney and is...

Question 17

Neuroendocrine cells release neurohormones which are transported through contact or diffuse through interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecdysiotropin 
B)  Juvenile hormone 
C)  Histamine 
D)  Pheromone 
E)  Ecdysone 
A)  Ecdysiotropin 
B)  Juvenile hormone 
C)  Histamine 
D)  Pheromone 
E)  Ecdysone

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: mammary glands

Accepted Answer

The Answer of calcitonin and ADH and glucagon and epinephrine is...

Question 20

G protein-linked receptors are transmembrane proteins that convert an extracellular hormone signal into an intracellular signal that affects certain cell processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 49: Endocrine Regulation

The products of an endocrine gland

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

The principal mineralocorticoid is

Insulin is produced by the

Figure 49-1 ​ ​ Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

The ____ produce(s) ____, which influences biological rhythms and the onset of sleep.

Calcium ions may act with phospholipid second messengers by binding to ____, which then regulates other proteins.

What is a symptom of Cushing's disease?

Insulin-like growth factors can induce which of the following?

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system responds

Insulin promotes the storage of glucose by

Chronic stress

When blood glucose concentration is high, pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, and consequently blood glucose concentration is increased.

After a steroid hormone binds its receptor, the hormone-receptor complex then

The ____ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Neuroendocrine cells release neurohormones which are transported through contact or diffuse through interstitial fluid.

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

G protein-linked receptors are transmembrane proteins that convert an extracellular hormone signal into an intracellular signal that affects certain cell processes.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 49-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

The produce(s) , which influences biological rhythms and the onset of sleep.