Question 1

Figure 17-12
 
The mutant fly in the accompanying figure illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  the existence of homeotic genes in Drosophila 
B)  the concept of totipotency 
C)  the normal functions of genes affecting segment identity 
D)  genetic diversity in the fly 
E)  a structure containing many nuclei residing in a common cytoplasm 
A)  the existence of homeotic genes in Drosophila 
B)  the concept of totipotency 
C)  the normal functions of genes affecting segment identity 
D)  genetic diversity in the fly 
E)  a structure containing many nuclei residing in a common cytoplasm

Question 2

One characteristic that makes Caenorhabditis elegans attractive for developmental studies is:

Accepted Answer

A)  its small, transparent body 
B)  the extensive number of genes shared with humans 
C)  the developmental defects that occur in this organism 
D)  the close evolutionary relationship between this mammal and humans 
E)  the presence of zygotic segmentation genes, similar to those found in humans 
A)  its small, transparent body 
B)  the extensive number of genes shared with humans 
C)  the developmental defects that occur in this organism 
D)  the close evolutionary relationship between this mammal and humans 
E)  the presence of zygotic segmentation genes, similar to those found in humans

Question 3

Induced pluripotent stem cells are:

Accepted Answer

A)  pluripotent cells lacking transcription factors 
B)  totipotent cells resulting from reproductive cloning 
C)  pluripotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells 
D)  totipotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells 
E)  pluripotent cells resulting from therapeutic cloning 
A)  pluripotent cells lacking transcription factors 
B)  totipotent cells resulting from reproductive cloning 
C)  pluripotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells 
D)  totipotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells 
E)  pluripotent cells resulting from therapeutic cloning

Question 4

Genes that normally block cell division are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth factor genes 
B)  oncogenes 
C)  tumor suppressor genes 
D)  proto-oncogenes 
E)  growth inhibiting genes 
A)  growth factor genes 
B)  oncogenes 
C)  tumor suppressor genes 
D)  proto-oncogenes 
E)  growth inhibiting genes

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: Step 3

Accepted Answer

The Answer of transfer to host mother uterus and enucleate is...

Question 6

The _____ oncogene, the ____ in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.

Accepted Answer

A)  BRCA1; most common 
B)  Ras; most common 
C)  BRCA1; least common 
D)  Ras; least common 
E)  BRCA2; most common 
A)  BRCA1; most common 
B)  Ras; most common 
C)  BRCA1; least common 
D)  Ras; least common 
E)  BRCA2; most common

Question 7

Regulation of development takes place mostly at the level of:

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  posttranscription 
D)  translation 
E)  posttranslation 
A)  replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  posttranscription 
D)  translation 
E)  posttranslation

Question 8

Due to nuclear equivalence in different cell types, the presence of different cell types in any given organism is accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  differential gene expression 
B)  pattern formation 
C)  cloning 
D)  induction 
E)  nuclear transplantation 
A)  differential gene expression 
B)  pattern formation 
C)  cloning 
D)  induction 
E)  nuclear transplantation

Question 9

Capases are ____ that are active in the first stages of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes; polarity establishment 
B)  genes; cancer 
C)  transcription factors; cancer 
D)  hormones; apoptosis 
E)  proteolytic enzymes; apoptosis 
A)  genes; polarity establishment 
B)  genes; cancer 
C)  transcription factors; cancer 
D)  hormones; apoptosis 
E)  proteolytic enzymes; apoptosis

Question 10

For about ____ of mouse genes, there is a similar gene in the human genome.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  90% 
E)  99% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  90% 
E)  99%

Question 11

Describe how maternal effect genes and segmentation genes work together in the early embryonic stages of Drosophila .

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Maternal effect ge

Question 12

Most segmentation genes code for:

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription factors 
B)  genetic switches such as operators 
C)  repressors 
D)  insulin-like growth factors 
E)  morphogens 
A)  transcription factors 
B)  genetic switches such as operators 
C)  repressors 
D)  insulin-like growth factors 
E)  morphogens

Question 13

Describe the relationship between proto-oncogenes and oncogenes.

Accepted Answer

Proto-oncogenes are normal gen

Question 14

Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by:

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  tumor suppressor genes 
C)  growth factors 
D)  transcription factors 
E)  infection by certain viruses 
A)  mutation 
B)  tumor suppressor genes 
C)  growth factors 
D)  transcription factors 
E)  infection by certain viruses

Question 15

Explain why apoptosis is a part of normal development.

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis is genetically progr

Question 16

A chimera is an organism containing two or more kinds of genetically similar cells from different zygotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Embryonic stem cells cannot develop into ____ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle 
B)  nerve 
C)  blood 
D)  placental 
E)  other stem 
A)  muscle 
B)  nerve 
C)  blood 
D)  placental 
E)  other stem

Question 18

Briefly define cancer driver genes and identify the types of cancer driver genes. How do they contribute to cancer?

Accepted Answer

When cancer driver genes are mutated, th

Question 19

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is the difference between a totipotent stem cell and a pluripotent stem cell? How would you distinguish between them?

Accepted Answer

A totipotent stem cell has the potential

Exam 17: Developmental Genetics

Figure 17-12 The mutant fly in the accompanying figure illustrates:

One characteristic that makes Caenorhabditis elegans attractive for developmental studies is:

Induced pluripotent stem cells are:

Genes that normally block cell division are called:

The _____ oncogene, the ____ in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.

Regulation of development takes place mostly at the level of:

Due to nuclear equivalence in different cell types, the presence of different cell types in any given organism is accomplished by:

Capases are ____ that are active in the first stages of ____.

For about ____ of mouse genes, there is a similar gene in the human genome.

Describe how maternal effect genes and segmentation genes work together in the early embryonic stages of Drosophila .

Most segmentation genes code for:

Describe the relationship between proto-oncogenes and oncogenes.

Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by:

Explain why apoptosis is a part of normal development.

A chimera is an organism containing two or more kinds of genetically similar cells from different zygotes.

Embryonic stem cells cannot develop into ____ cells.

Briefly define cancer driver genes and identify the types of cancer driver genes. How do they contribute to cancer?

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation.

What is the difference between a totipotent stem cell and a pluripotent stem cell? How would you distinguish between them?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

The _ oncogene, the in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.

Capases are that are active in the first stages of .