Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: conversion of an inactive protein precursor into an active protein

Accepted Answer

The Answer of proteolytic processing and protein degradation and chemical is...

Question 2

A repressor protein would have which of the following effects on repressible genes with a negative control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate transcription in the presence of a corepressor 
B)  turn off transcription in the presence of an inducer 
C)  stimulate transcription in the presence of a coactivator 
D)  turn off transcription in the presence of a corepressor 
E)  does not participate in negative control mechanisms 
A)  stimulate transcription in the presence of a corepressor 
B)  turn off transcription in the presence of an inducer 
C)  stimulate transcription in the presence of a coactivator 
D)  turn off transcription in the presence of a corepressor 
E)  does not participate in negative control mechanisms

Question 3

In an operon, the switch that controls mRNA synthesis is the promotor, which is a sequence of bases upstream from the first structural gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Translational controls regulate the:

Accepted Answer

A)  activity of a protein product 
B)  rate at which an mRNA molecule is translated 
C)  rate at which an mRNA molecule is synthesized 
D)  uptake of nucleic acids into the cell 
E)  attachment of phosphate groups to polypeptides 
A)  activity of a protein product 
B)  rate at which an mRNA molecule is translated 
C)  rate at which an mRNA molecule is synthesized 
D)  uptake of nucleic acids into the cell 
E)  attachment of phosphate groups to polypeptides

Question 5

Lactose induces the transcription of the lactose operon by:

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to the allosteric site of the repressor after being converted to allolactose 
B)  stimulating lactose metabolism in the cell 
C)  first being converted to glucose, then binding to the repressor 
D)  binding to the allosteric site of RNA polymerase 
E)  inhibiting the activity of CAP 
A)  binding to the allosteric site of the repressor after being converted to allolactose 
B)  stimulating lactose metabolism in the cell 
C)  first being converted to glucose, then binding to the repressor 
D)  binding to the allosteric site of RNA polymerase 
E)  inhibiting the activity of CAP

Question 6

Acetyl groups attached to histone tails generally indicate that the genes associated with this nucleosome will be transcriptionally inactive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Repressible genes are usually actively transcribed when:

Accepted Answer

A)  repressor molecules bind to the promoter 
B)  the end product of the enzymes encoded by these genes is low 
C)  tryptophan accumulates in the cell 
D)  quantities of precursor materials are high 
E)  there is no other substrate that can be used by the cell 
A)  repressor molecules bind to the promoter 
B)  the end product of the enzymes encoded by these genes is low 
C)  tryptophan accumulates in the cell 
D)  quantities of precursor materials are high 
E)  there is no other substrate that can be used by the cell

Question 8

Eukaryotes require more complex methods of gene regulation than prokaryotes because:

Accepted Answer

A)  eukaryotes have more operons than prokaryotes. 
B)  transcriptional regulation is the only form of gene regulation in eukaryotes. 
C)  all eukaryotic genes are constitutive. 
D)  eukaryotes have more genes. 
E)  individual genes must be regulated differentially in each cell type. 
A)  eukaryotes have more operons than prokaryotes. 
B)  transcriptional regulation is the only form of gene regulation in eukaryotes. 
C)  all eukaryotic genes are constitutive. 
D)  eukaryotes have more genes. 
E)  individual genes must be regulated differentially in each cell type.

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: formation of heterochromatin

Accepted Answer

The Answer of regulation of chromatin and regulation of translation is...

Question 10

Methylated DNA sequences typically contain ____ genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  transcriptionally active 
B)  transcriptionally inactive 
C)  constitutive 
D)  housekeeping 
E)  alternatively spliced 
A)  transcriptionally active 
B)  transcriptionally inactive 
C)  constitutive 
D)  housekeeping 
E)  alternatively spliced

Question 11

Eukaryotic transcription factors are best described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  regulators of transcription initiation of operons 
B)  containing only a regulatory domain 
C)  containing only a DNA binding domain 
D)  containing a DNA binding domain plus one or more regulatory domains 
E)  imprinted genes 
A)  regulators of transcription initiation of operons 
B)  containing only a regulatory domain 
C)  containing only a DNA binding domain 
D)  containing a DNA binding domain plus one or more regulatory domains 
E)  imprinted genes

Question 12

Genomic imprinting is an example of epigenetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: protein modifications

Accepted Answer

The Answer of regulation of transcription and regulation of mRNA is...

Question 14

What would occur if there was a missense mutation in the repressor protein of the lac operon that prevents binding to DNA?

Accepted Answer

The operon would no longer be

Question 15

A cell may meet the demand for large quantities of a specific protein by:

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking transcription of the gene that encodes the protein 
B)  decreasing the half-life of the mRNA that specifies the protein 
C)  adding methyl groups to the gene that encodes the protein 
D)  gene amplification 
E)  inhibition of DNA synthesis 
A)  blocking transcription of the gene that encodes the protein 
B)  decreasing the half-life of the mRNA that specifies the protein 
C)  adding methyl groups to the gene that encodes the protein 
D)  gene amplification 
E)  inhibition of DNA synthesis

Question 16

cAMP levels decrease when __________. This results in __________ of CAP.

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose levels increase; activation 
B)  lactose levels decrease; inhibition 
C)  glucose levels increase; inhibition 
D)  glucose levels decrease; activation 
E)  glucose levels decrease; inhibition 
A)  lactose levels increase; activation 
B)  lactose levels decrease; inhibition 
C)  glucose levels increase; inhibition 
D)  glucose levels decrease; activation 
E)  glucose levels decrease; inhibition

Question 17

Eukaryotes have inducible genes that respond to environmental stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Processing of prokaryotic mRNA molecules, such as splicing and polyadenylation, allows for greater posttranscriptional regulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

An inducible operon is usually controlled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  an inducer molecule that keeps it in the "off" state 
B)  an active repressor that keeps it in the "off" state 
C)  being active at all times 
D)  allolactose 
E)  being turned "off," usually by the end product of the pathway 
A)  an inducer molecule that keeps it in the "off" state 
B)  an active repressor that keeps it in the "off" state 
C)  being active at all times 
D)  allolactose 
E)  being turned "off," usually by the end product of the pathway

Question 20

DNA methylation suppresses gene expression in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Gene Regulation

A repressor protein would have which of the following effects on repressible genes with a negative control mechanism?

In an operon, the switch that controls mRNA synthesis is the promotor, which is a sequence of bases upstream from the first structural gene.

Translational controls regulate the:

Lactose induces the transcription of the lactose operon by:

Acetyl groups attached to histone tails generally indicate that the genes associated with this nucleosome will be transcriptionally inactive.

Repressible genes are usually actively transcribed when:

Eukaryotes require more complex methods of gene regulation than prokaryotes because:

Methylated DNA sequences typically contain ____ genes.

Eukaryotic transcription factors are best described as:

Genomic imprinting is an example of epigenetics.

What would occur if there was a missense mutation in the repressor protein of the lac operon that prevents binding to DNA?

A cell may meet the demand for large quantities of a specific protein by:

cAMP levels decrease when __________. This results in __________ of CAP.

Eukaryotes have inducible genes that respond to environmental stimuli.

Processing of prokaryotic mRNA molecules, such as splicing and polyadenylation, allows for greater posttranscriptional regulation.

An inducible operon is usually controlled by:

DNA methylation suppresses gene expression in eukaryotes.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

cAMP levels decrease when . This results in of CAP.