Question 1

Figure 3-1 ​
 
Which is the main structural component of the walls that surround plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose 
B)  sugars 
C)  starches 
D)  fatty acid 
E)  glucose 
A)  cellulose 
B)  sugars 
C)  starches 
D)  fatty acid 
E)  glucose

Question 2

What group of molecules is represented in this structure? ​
 
​

Accepted Answer

A)  structural proteins 
B)  polysaccharides 
C)  triacylglycerols 
D)  phospholipids 
E)  polypeptides 
A)  structural proteins 
B)  polysaccharides 
C)  triacylglycerols 
D)  phospholipids 
E)  polypeptides

Question 3

Why is ATP important in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is easily converted to starch for long-term storage. 
B)  It can transfer some of its energy to other chemicals. 
C)  It is an important structural component of cell membranes. 
D)  Like all other nucleic acids, it stores hereditary information. 
E)  Like RNA, it acts as a source code for the formation of proteins. 
A)  It is easily converted to starch for long-term storage. 
B)  It can transfer some of its energy to other chemicals. 
C)  It is an important structural component of cell membranes. 
D)  Like all other nucleic acids, it stores hereditary information. 
E)  Like RNA, it acts as a source code for the formation of proteins.

Question 4

What does the term "functional group" mean in the context of organic molecules? Briefly describe two types of functional groups and their chemical properties.

Accepted Answer

A functional group is a group of atoms t

Question 5

Which of the following describes an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  A phospholipid with two polar ends 
B)  A phospholipid with two hydrophobic ends 
C)  A steroid with a hydrophilic functional group 
D)  A steroid with a hydrophobic functional group 
E)  A phospholipid with both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end 
A)  A phospholipid with two polar ends 
B)  A phospholipid with two hydrophobic ends 
C)  A steroid with a hydrophilic functional group 
D)  A steroid with a hydrophobic functional group 
E)  A phospholipid with both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end

Question 6

What carbohydrate energy storage molecule is found in animal liver and muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  a fatty acid 
E)  cholesterol 
A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  a fatty acid 
E)  cholesterol

Question 7

Which is a property of unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more common in animals. 
B)  They are generally liquid at room temperature. 
C)  They have no double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
D)  They have fewer fatty acids per fat molecule than do saturated fats. 
E)  They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats that have the same number of carbon atoms. 
A)  They are more common in animals. 
B)  They are generally liquid at room temperature. 
C)  They have no double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
D)  They have fewer fatty acids per fat molecule than do saturated fats. 
E)  They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats that have the same number of carbon atoms.

Question 8

Figure 3-2 ​
 
​
In the accompanying figure, hydrophobic interactions would occur between the R groups of which two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 4 
B)  2 and 5 
C)  3 and 6 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  3 and 5 
A)  1 and 4 
B)  2 and 5 
C)  3 and 6 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  3 and 5

Question 9

Which organic compound is not only responsible for energy storage, but can also provide thermal insulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids 
B)  Proteins 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Carbohydrates 
E)  Monosaccharides 
A)  Lipids 
B)  Proteins 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Carbohydrates 
E)  Monosaccharides

Question 10

Briefly describe three functions of proteins other than enzymes.

Accepted Answer

Table 3-2 lists the

Question 11

Cyclic AMP is a type of nucleotide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The hydroxyl group is weakly acidic because of the presence of a strongly electronegative oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)  uracil 
B)  steroid 
C)  guanine 
D)  cytosine 
E)  thymine 
A)  uracil 
B)  steroid 
C)  guanine 
D)  cytosine 
E)  thymine

Question 14

When a nucleic acid undergoes hydrolysis, the resulting subunits are:

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids 
B)  amino acids 
C)  nucleotides 
D)  carotenoids 
E)  monosaccharides 
A)  fatty acids 
B)  amino acids 
C)  nucleotides 
D)  carotenoids 
E)  monosaccharides

Question 15

Figure 3-2 ​
 
​
In the accompanying figure, ionic bonds would form between the R groups of which amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  4 and 6 
E)  3 and 6 
A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  4 and 6 
E)  3 and 6

Exam 3: The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Figure 3-1 ​ Which is the main structural component of the walls that surround plant cells?

What group of molecules is represented in this structure? ​ ​

Why is ATP important in living organisms?

What does the term "functional group" mean in the context of organic molecules? Briefly describe two types of functional groups and their chemical properties.

Which of the following describes an amphipathic molecule?

What carbohydrate energy storage molecule is found in animal liver and muscle cells?

Which is a property of unsaturated fats?

Figure 3-2 ​ ​ In the accompanying figure, hydrophobic interactions would occur between the R groups of which two amino acids?

Which organic compound is not only responsible for energy storage, but can also provide thermal insulation?

Briefly describe three functions of proteins other than enzymes.

Cyclic AMP is a type of nucleotide.

The hydroxyl group is weakly acidic because of the presence of a strongly electronegative oxygen.

Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleotides?

When a nucleic acid undergoes hydrolysis, the resulting subunits are:

Figure 3-2 ​ ​ In the accompanying figure, ionic bonds would form between the R groups of which amino acids?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 3-1 Which is the main structural component of the walls that surround plant cells?

What group of molecules is represented in this structure?

Figure 3-2 In the accompanying figure, hydrophobic interactions would occur between the R groups of which two amino acids?

Figure 3-2 In the accompanying figure, ionic bonds would form between the R groups of which amino acids?