Question 1

Explain and identify the mechanism of how carbon dioxide maintains blood pH levels.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider

Question 2

A liquid with a pH of 7 is considered a(n) ____ solution.

Accepted Answer

A)  basic 
B)  acidic 
C)  neutral 
D)  hydrophilic 
E)  hydrochloric 
A)  basic 
B)  acidic 
C)  neutral 
D)  hydrophilic 
E)  hydrochloric

Question 3

A calorie is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius (C).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

List four of the principal chemical elements found in living organisms and identify an important biological function of each element.

Accepted Answer

Some examples from Table 2-1: Oxygen is

Question 5

What is the atomic mass of the most common isotope of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  12.01 amu 
B)  20.18 amu 
C)  16.01 amu 
D)  1.01 amu 
E)  14.01 amu 
A)  12.01 amu 
B)  20.18 amu 
C)  16.01 amu 
D)  1.01 amu 
E)  14.01 amu

Question 6

It takes one calorie of heat to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius at sea level. This is referred to as the ____ of water.

Accepted Answer

A)  specific heat 
B)  heat of fusion 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  vaporization 
E)  heat of transformation 
A)  specific heat 
B)  heat of fusion 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  vaporization 
E)  heat of transformation

Question 7

An atom that has a filled valence shell is stable and unreactive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The representation H−O−H is known as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  structural formula 
B)  simplest formula 
C)  molecular formula 
D)  Lewis structure 
E)  orbital diagram 
A)  structural formula 
B)  simplest formula 
C)  molecular formula 
D)  Lewis structure 
E)  orbital diagram

Question 9

An example of an anion is K+.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is a common oxidizing agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon monoxide 
B)  lithium 
C)  oxygen 
D)  zinc 
E)  iron 
A)  carbon monoxide 
B)  lithium 
C)  oxygen 
D)  zinc 
E)  iron

Question 11

The tetrahedron shape of a methane molecule is the result of orbital hybridization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Explain how the number and arrangement of valence electrons is related to the chemical properties of an atom. Use two specific examples in your explanation.

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are those in the outer

Question 13

Sulfur has six valence electrons. How many covalent bonds does a sulfur atom typically form?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  1 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  3 
B)  1 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  4

Question 14

Identify and compare the properties of the bond between sodium and chloride (NaCl) with the bond between carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH4).

Accepted Answer

NaCl represents an ionic bond and methan

Question 15

A combination of adhesive and cohesive forces accounts for surface tension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Specific heat refers to the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from the liquid phase to the vapor phase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which statement about van der Waal interactions is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are very strong. 
B)  They are attractive forces. 
C)  They operate over very short distances. 
D)  They form between nonpolar molecules. 
E)  They involve transient regions of positive and negative charges. 
A)  They are very strong. 
B)  They are attractive forces. 
C)  They operate over very short distances. 
D)  They form between nonpolar molecules. 
E)  They involve transient regions of positive and negative charges.

Question 18

Which of the following solutions has a pH value of 9.0?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beer 
B)  Blood 
C)  Bleach 
D)  Seawater 
E)  Rainwater 
A)  Beer 
B)  Blood 
C)  Bleach 
D)  Seawater 
E)  Rainwater

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: Tendency of water to move in narrow tubes

Accepted Answer

The Answer of adhesion and capillary action and surface tension is...

Question 20

How many molecules are present in one mole of C6H12O6?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.7 × 1010 molecules 
B)  1.3 × 1010 molecules 
C)  24 molecules 
D)  1.7 × 1022 molecules 
E)  6.02 × 1023 molecules 
A)  1.7 × 1010 molecules 
B)  1.3 × 1010 molecules 
C)  24 molecules 
D)  1.7 × 1022 molecules 
E)  6.02 × 1023 molecules

Exam 2: Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

Explain and identify the mechanism of how carbon dioxide maintains blood pH levels.

A liquid with a pH of 7 is considered a(n) ____ solution.

A calorie is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius (C).

List four of the principal chemical elements found in living organisms and identify an important biological function of each element.

What is the atomic mass of the most common isotope of carbon?

It takes one calorie of heat to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius at sea level. This is referred to as the ____ of water.

An atom that has a filled valence shell is stable and unreactive.

The representation H−O−H is known as a(n):

An example of an anion is K+.

Which of the following is a common oxidizing agent?

The tetrahedron shape of a methane molecule is the result of orbital hybridization.

Explain how the number and arrangement of valence electrons is related to the chemical properties of an atom. Use two specific examples in your explanation.

Sulfur has six valence electrons. How many covalent bonds does a sulfur atom typically form?

Identify and compare the properties of the bond between sodium and chloride (NaCl) with the bond between carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH4).

A combination of adhesive and cohesive forces accounts for surface tension.

Specific heat refers to the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from the liquid phase to the vapor phase.

Which statement about van der Waal interactions is false ?

Which of the following solutions has a pH value of 9.0?

How many molecules are present in one mole of C6H12O6?

A View of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

An example of an anion is K⁺.

Identify and compare the properties of the bond between sodium and chloride (NaCl) with the bond between carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH₄).

How many molecules are present in one mole of C₆H₁₂O₆?