Question 1

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region 
A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region

Question 2

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  buffers. 
B)  electrolytes. 
C)  bases. 
D)  inorganic compounds. 
E)  enzymes. 
A)  buffers. 
B)  electrolytes. 
C)  bases. 
D)  inorganic compounds. 
E)  enzymes.

Question 3

A neutral atom will become a cation if it

Accepted Answer

A)  gains neutrons. 
B)  gains electrons. 
C)  loses protons. 
D)  gains protons. 
E)  loses electrons. 
A)  gains neutrons. 
B)  gains electrons. 
C)  loses protons. 
D)  gains protons. 
E)  loses electrons.

Question 4

Normal blood pH is maintained within a range of

Accepted Answer

A)  6.5 - 9.5. 
B)  4.5 - 5.5. 
C)  1.0 - 14.0. 
D)  7.35 - 7.45. 
E)  7.35 - 8.5. 
A)  6.5 - 9.5. 
B)  4.5 - 5.5. 
C)  1.0 - 14.0. 
D)  7.35 - 7.45. 
E)  7.35 - 8.5.

Question 5

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of bond is found at "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bond 
B)  water molecule 
C)  oxygen atom 
D)  hydrogen atom 
E)  polar covalent bond 
A)  hydrogen bond 
B)  water molecule 
C)  oxygen atom 
D)  hydrogen atom 
E)  polar covalent bond

Question 6

The model that helps explain how an enzyme works is the

Accepted Answer

A)  three-dimensional model. 
B)  denaturation model. 
C)  activation model. 
D)  lock-and-key model. 
A)  three-dimensional model. 
B)  denaturation model. 
C)  activation model. 
D)  lock-and-key model.

Question 7

Which of the following lists includes only monosaccharides that are isomers of one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  starch, glycogen, cellulose 
B)  glucose, fructose, galactose 
C)  ribose, glycogen, glucose 
D)  glycogen, glucose, sucrose 
E)  deoxyribose, glycogen, starch 
A)  starch, glycogen, cellulose 
B)  glucose, fructose, galactose 
C)  ribose, glycogen, glucose 
D)  glycogen, glucose, sucrose 
E)  deoxyribose, glycogen, starch

Question 8

Which of the following is a proton donor?

Accepted Answer

A)  a salt 
B)  a base 
C)  a neutral substance 
D)  an acid 
E)  glucose 
A)  a salt 
B)  a base 
C)  a neutral substance 
D)  an acid 
E)  glucose

Question 9

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, ______ are transferred between molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  electrons 
A)  oxygen 
B)  electrons

Question 10

Which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate 
B)  nucleic acid 
C)  protein 
D)  lipid 
E)  vitamin 
A)  carbohydrate 
B)  nucleic acid 
C)  protein 
D)  lipid 
E)  vitamin

Question 11

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "E" represent (the process)?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal 
A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal

Question 12

The amount of matter in an object is its

Accepted Answer

A)  size. 
B)  weight. 
C)  density. 
D)  volume. 
E)  mass. 
A)  size. 
B)  weight. 
C)  density. 
D)  volume. 
E)  mass.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a proton?

Accepted Answer

A)  one negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals 
B)  no charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
C)  one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
D)  subatomic particle with no electric charge 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  one negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals 
B)  no charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
C)  one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
D)  subatomic particle with no electric charge 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 14

An electrolyte is

Accepted Answer

A)  a positively charged ion. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  the alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
D)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
E)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
A)  a positively charged ion. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  the alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
D)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
E)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution.

Question 15

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "C"?

Accepted Answer

A)  polar covalent bond 
B)  water molecule 
C)  hydrogen bond 
D)  hydrogen atom 
E)  oxygen atom 
A)  polar covalent bond 
B)  water molecule 
C)  hydrogen bond 
D)  hydrogen atom 
E)  oxygen atom

Question 16

Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to ___________ in another.

Accepted Answer

A)  react 
B)  dissolve 
C)  precipitate 
D)  conduct 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  react 
B)  dissolve 
C)  precipitate 
D)  conduct 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 17

An atom of chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorine has an atomic number of 18. 
B)  Chlorine atoms have 18 electrons. 
C)  Chlorine has an atomic number of 35. 
D)  Chlorine has 35 electrons. 
E)  Chlorine has a mass number of 35. 
A)  Chlorine has an atomic number of 18. 
B)  Chlorine atoms have 18 electrons. 
C)  Chlorine has an atomic number of 35. 
D)  Chlorine has 35 electrons. 
E)  Chlorine has a mass number of 35.

Question 18

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  reversible 
B)  synthesis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  dehydration 
E)  hydrolysis 
A)  reversible 
B)  synthesis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  dehydration 
E)  hydrolysis

Question 19

The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Socrates's number. 
B)  Le Chatelier's number. 
C)  Dalton's number. 
D)  Avogadro's number. 
E)  Pasteur's number. 
A)  Socrates's number. 
B)  Le Chatelier's number. 
C)  Dalton's number. 
D)  Avogadro's number. 
E)  Pasteur's number.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
D)  A slight change in shape can effect function. 
E)  They may need a cofactor to be functional. 
A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
D)  A slight change in shape can effect function. 
E)  They may need a cofactor to be functional.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

A neutral atom will become a cation if it

Normal blood pH is maintained within a range of

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of bond is found at "A"?

The model that helps explain how an enzyme works is the

Which of the following lists includes only monosaccharides that are isomers of one another?

Which of the following is a proton donor?

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, ______ are transferred between molecules

Which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong to?

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "E" represent (the process)?

The amount of matter in an object is its

Which of the following best describes a proton?

An electrolyte is

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "C"?

Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to ___________ in another.

An atom of chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Which of the following statements is true?

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions.

The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 is called

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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