Question 1

The pH value

Accepted Answer

A)  is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions. 
B)  decreases with alkalinity. 
C)  is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. 
D)  reflects the sodium content of body fluids. 
E)  increases with acidity. 
A)  is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions. 
B)  decreases with alkalinity. 
C)  is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. 
D)  reflects the sodium content of body fluids. 
E)  increases with acidity.

Question 2

Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons. 
B)  neutrons. 
C)  photons. 
D)  protons. 
E)  neutrinos. 
A)  electrons. 
B)  neutrons. 
C)  photons. 
D)  protons. 
E)  neutrinos.

Question 3

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase-an enzyme 
B)  alanine-an amino acid 
C)  starch-a polysaccharide 
D)  cholesterol-a steroid 
E)  sucrose-a disaccharide 
A)  catalase-an enzyme 
B)  alanine-an amino acid 
C)  starch-a polysaccharide 
D)  cholesterol-a steroid 
E)  sucrose-a disaccharide

Question 4

A neutral atom contains

Accepted Answer

A)  more protons than electrons. 
B)  more electrons than protons. 
C)  the same number of electrons and protons. 
D)  only neutrons. 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  more protons than electrons. 
B)  more electrons than protons. 
C)  the same number of electrons and protons. 
D)  only neutrons. 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 5

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B)  Both fatty acids are saturated. 
C)  Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
D)  Fatty acid B is saturated. 
E)  Fatty acid B is unsaturated. 
A)  Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B)  Both fatty acids are saturated. 
C)  Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
D)  Fatty acid B is saturated. 
E)  Fatty acid B is unsaturated.

Question 6

Denaturation is

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
D)  a positively charged ion. 
E)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
A)  a change in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
D)  a positively charged ion. 
E)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Question 7

Phospholipids

Accepted Answer

A)  are fat-soluble vitamins. 
B)  are found in cell membranes. 
C)  contain subunits called amino acids. 
D)  are water-soluble. 
E)  are a type of steroid. 
A)  are fat-soluble vitamins. 
B)  are found in cell membranes. 
C)  contain subunits called amino acids. 
D)  are water-soluble. 
E)  are a type of steroid.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acid, cell, protein, atom 
B)  protein, cell, amino acid, atom 
C)  amino acid, atom, cell, protein 
D)  atom, amino acid, protein, cell 
E)  cell, protein, amino acid, atom 
A)  amino acid, cell, protein, atom 
B)  protein, cell, amino acid, atom 
C)  amino acid, atom, cell, protein 
D)  atom, amino acid, protein, cell 
E)  cell, protein, amino acid, atom

Question 9

Which of the following means a change in shape of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary structure of protein 
B)  peptide bond 
C)  denaturation 
D)  amino acid 
E)  secondary structure of protein 
A)  primary structure of protein 
B)  peptide bond 
C)  denaturation 
D)  amino acid 
E)  secondary structure of protein

Question 10

From the following list, select the one organic substance found in the human body.

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  glucose 
C)  oxygen 
D)  calcium 
A)  water 
B)  glucose 
C)  oxygen 
D)  calcium

Question 11

Polysaccharides

Accepted Answer

A)  are the smallest carbohydrates. 
B)  contain carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate atoms. 
C)  are not found in plants. 
D)  contain long chains of monosaccharides. 
E)  are formed when sucrose and glucose combine. 
A)  are the smallest carbohydrates. 
B)  contain carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate atoms. 
C)  are not found in plants. 
D)  contain long chains of monosaccharides. 
E)  are formed when sucrose and glucose combine.

Question 12

Chemical reactions with the property of being able to proceed from reactants to products and from products to reactants are called

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesis reactions. 
B)  decomposition reactions. 
C)  exchange reactions. 
D)  reversible reactions. 
E)  net reaction rates. 
A)  synthesis reactions. 
B)  decomposition reactions. 
C)  exchange reactions. 
D)  reversible reactions. 
E)  net reaction rates.

Question 13

The presence of water in our bodies allows us to

Accepted Answer

A)  cool the body with sweat. 
B)  maintain a fairly constant body temperature. 
C)  provide an environment for chemical reactions. 
D)  keep tissues moist and reduce friction. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  cool the body with sweat. 
B)  maintain a fairly constant body temperature. 
C)  provide an environment for chemical reactions. 
D)  keep tissues moist and reduce friction. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Carbon dioxide is considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  compound. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  ion. 
D)  element. 
E)  molecule and a compound. 
A)  compound. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  ion. 
D)  element. 
E)  molecule and a compound.

Question 15

An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  strong and intramolecular. 
B)  weak and intramolecular. 
C)  weak and intermolecular. 
D)  strong and intermolecular. 
A)  strong and intramolecular. 
B)  weak and intramolecular. 
C)  weak and intermolecular. 
D)  strong and intermolecular.

Question 16

Electrolytes are substances that

Accepted Answer

A)  are NOT found in the human body in any appreciable amounts. 
B)  form covalent bonds with water. 
C)  cannot conduct electricity in solution. 
D)  are NOT charged particles. 
E)  conduct electricity when dissolved in water. 
A)  are NOT found in the human body in any appreciable amounts. 
B)  form covalent bonds with water. 
C)  cannot conduct electricity in solution. 
D)  are NOT charged particles. 
E)  conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

Question 17

An enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  has a two-dimensional shape. 
B)  is a protein catalyst. 
C)  increases the activation energy needed in a chemical reaction. 
D)  cannot be denatured. 
E)  is permanently changed in a chemical reaction. 
A)  has a two-dimensional shape. 
B)  is a protein catalyst. 
C)  increases the activation energy needed in a chemical reaction. 
D)  cannot be denatured. 
E)  is permanently changed in a chemical reaction.

Question 18

What type of covalent bond is formed between amino acid molecules during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  electrovalent bond 
B)  amino bond 
C)  peptide bond 
D)  hydrogen bond 
E)  primary bond 
A)  electrovalent bond 
B)  amino bond 
C)  peptide bond 
D)  hydrogen bond 
E)  primary bond

Question 19

When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken, the protein becomes nonfunctional, and is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  unsaturated. 
B)  essential. 
C)  saturated. 
D)  denatured. 
E)  structural. 
A)  unsaturated. 
B)  essential. 
C)  saturated. 
D)  denatured. 
E)  structural.

Question 20

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "C" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region 
A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

The pH value

Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

A neutral atom contains

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

Denaturation is

Phospholipids

Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Which of the following means a change in shape of a protein?

From the following list, select the one organic substance found in the human body.

Polysaccharides

Chemical reactions with the property of being able to proceed from reactants to products and from products to reactants are called

The presence of water in our bodies allows us to

Carbon dioxide is considered a(n)

An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as:

Electrolytes are substances that

An enzyme

What type of covalent bond is formed between amino acid molecules during protein synthesis?

When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken, the protein becomes nonfunctional, and is said to be

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "C" represent on the diagram?

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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