Question 1

A concentric contraction is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing. D

Question 2

Multiple wave summation

Accepted Answer

A)  is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
A)  is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. B

Question 3

What would result from a lack of extracellular calcium ions at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive synaptic vesicles would fuse and release too much ACh, overstimulating the myofiber. 
B)  Synaptic vesicles would fail to fuse and ACh would not be released. 
C)  Nothing would happen because extracellular calcium does not play a role in muscle stimulation. 
D)  The neuron must use its intracellular calcium to make the vesicles fuse. 
E)  Potassium ions are used in place of calcium to ensure the vesicles fuse. 
A)  Excessive synaptic vesicles would fuse and release too much ACh, overstimulating the myofiber. 
B)  Synaptic vesicles would fail to fuse and ACh would not be released. 
C)  Nothing would happen because extracellular calcium does not play a role in muscle stimulation. 
D)  The neuron must use its intracellular calcium to make the vesicles fuse. 
E)  Potassium ions are used in place of calcium to ensure the vesicles fuse. B

Question 4

A sustained muscle contraction is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  tetanus 
B)  tone 
C)  treppe 
D)  twitch 
E)  paralysis 
A)  tetanus 
B)  tone 
C)  treppe 
D)  twitch 
E)  paralysis

Question 5

A sarcomere is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin or myosin. 
A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin or myosin.

Question 6

Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  tetanus 
B)  tone 
C)  treppe 
D)  twitch 
E)  paralysis 
A)  tetanus 
B)  tone 
C)  treppe 
D)  twitch 
E)  paralysis

Question 7

-What does "B" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge 
A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge

Question 8

What type of muscle tissue causes vasoconstriction?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle

Question 9

Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they both

Accepted Answer

A)  have striations. 
B)  depolarize as a result of sodium and calcium influxes. 
C)  possess intercalated disks. 
D)  lack sarcomeres. 
E)  are multinucleated. 
A)  have striations. 
B)  depolarize as a result of sodium and calcium influxes. 
C)  possess intercalated disks. 
D)  lack sarcomeres. 
E)  are multinucleated.

Question 10

Maureen is hiking in the cold, and to maintain homeostasis her body begins to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase heat loss from the skin. 
B)  release chemicals to initiate a high fever. 
C)  shiver. 
D)  reduce her blood pressure. 
E)  vasodilate vessels in her head and neck. 
A)  increase heat loss from the skin. 
B)  release chemicals to initiate a high fever. 
C)  shiver. 
D)  reduce her blood pressure. 
E)  vasodilate vessels in her head and neck.

Question 11

T tubules are invaginations of the

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  sarcomere. 
C)  myofibril. 
D)  sarcoplasm. 
E)  sarcolemma. 
A)  sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  sarcomere. 
C)  myofibril. 
D)  sarcoplasm. 
E)  sarcolemma.

Question 12

An action potential

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B)  is not propagated. 
C)  has no repolarization phase. 
D)  is an example of negative feedback. 
E)  can be of varying strengths depending on strength of the stimulus. 
A)  occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B)  is not propagated. 
C)  has no repolarization phase. 
D)  is an example of negative feedback. 
E)  can be of varying strengths depending on strength of the stimulus.

Question 13

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  I band - contains only actin 
B)  M line - middle of the H zone 
C)  Z disk - structure between adjacent sarcomeres 
D)  myosin myofilaments - thin myofilaments 
E)  actin myofilaments - thin myofilaments 
A)  I band - contains only actin 
B)  M line - middle of the H zone 
C)  Z disk - structure between adjacent sarcomeres 
D)  myosin myofilaments - thin myofilaments 
E)  actin myofilaments - thin myofilaments

Question 14

When comparing smooth and skeletal muscle cells, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smooth muscle cells have striations. 
B)  The myofilaments in smooth muscle do not form sarcomeres. 
C)  Smooth muscle cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells. 
D)  Smooth muscle has a lot of actin and myosin. 
E)  Smooth muscle cells are multinucleated. 
A)  Smooth muscle cells have striations. 
B)  The myofilaments in smooth muscle do not form sarcomeres. 
C)  Smooth muscle cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells. 
D)  Smooth muscle has a lot of actin and myosin. 
E)  Smooth muscle cells are multinucleated.

Question 15

The outside of the resting plasma membrane is __________ relative to the inside of the resting plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  electrically neutral 
D)  recharged 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  electrically neutral 
D)  recharged 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 16

Smooth muscle is regulated by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the autonomic nervous system. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  the somatic nervous system. 
D)  hormones. 
E)  prostaglandins. 
A)  the autonomic nervous system. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  the somatic nervous system. 
D)  hormones. 
E)  prostaglandins.

Question 17

Muscle tone

Accepted Answer

A)  is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
A)  is a time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is a constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

Question 18

A myofibril is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin. 
A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin.

Question 19

When the myosin head flexes into a bend, pulling the actin filament along with it, this is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  action reaction. 
B)  power stroke. 
C)  recovery stroke. 
D)  muscle tone. 
E)  action potential. 
A)  action reaction. 
B)  power stroke. 
C)  recovery stroke. 
D)  muscle tone. 
E)  action potential.

Question 20

The refractory period

Accepted Answer

A)  is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
A)  is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

A concentric contraction is described as

Multiple wave summation

What would result from a lack of extracellular calcium ions at the neuromuscular junction?

A sustained muscle contraction is known as

A sarcomere is the

Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction?

-What does "B" represent on the diagram?

What type of muscle tissue causes vasoconstriction?

Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they both

Maureen is hiking in the cold, and to maintain homeostasis her body begins to

T tubules are invaginations of the

An action potential

Which of the following is mismatched?

When comparing smooth and skeletal muscle cells, which of the following statements is true?

The outside of the resting plasma membrane is __________ relative to the inside of the resting plasma membrane.

Smooth muscle is regulated by all of the following except

Muscle tone

A myofibril is the

When the myosin head flexes into a bend, pulling the actin filament along with it, this is called the

The refractory period

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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