Question 1

Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively. 
B)  Muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully. 
C)  Muscle tissue can get shorter, but can not get longer. 
D)  Muscle tissue can get longer, but can not get shorter. 
E)  None of these statements are true. 
A)  Muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively. 
B)  Muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully. 
C)  Muscle tissue can get shorter, but can not get longer. 
D)  Muscle tissue can get longer, but can not get shorter. 
E)  None of these statements are true.

Question 2

Complete tetanus

Accepted Answer

A)  is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
A)  is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again. 
B)  results in complete and incomplete tetanus. 
C)  is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions. 
D)  is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations. 
E)  is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

Question 3

Concentric contractions occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  the muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
B)  the tension and length of the muscle remain constant during a contraction. 
C)  tension in a muscle is maintained while the muscle increases in length. 
D)  the muscle produces tension while the length of the muscle increases. 
E)  isometric contractions occur. 
A)  the muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
B)  the tension and length of the muscle remain constant during a contraction. 
C)  tension in a muscle is maintained while the muscle increases in length. 
D)  the muscle produces tension while the length of the muscle increases. 
E)  isometric contractions occur.

Question 4

Randy is participating in a strong man competition and is required to pull a yacht as far as he can. Which type of chemical process will his skeletal muscles rely on during this competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic respiration 
B)  aerobic respiration 
C)  both anaerobic and aerobic respiration 
A)  anaerobic respiration 
B)  aerobic respiration 
C)  both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Question 5

One ATP molecule is required for

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of the cross-bridge. 
B)  movement of the cross-bridge. 
C)  release of the cross-bridge. 
D)  formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E)  formation of the cross-bridge, for movement of the cross-bridge, and for release of the cross-bridge. 
A)  formation of the cross-bridge. 
B)  movement of the cross-bridge. 
C)  release of the cross-bridge. 
D)  formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E)  formation of the cross-bridge, for movement of the cross-bridge, and for release of the cross-bridge.

Question 6

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane 
A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane

Question 7

Which of the following will respond to a threshold stimulus with an all-or-none contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  a single muscle fiber 
B)  a single motor unit 
C)  a whole muscle 
D)  a single muscle fiber and a single motor unit 
E)  a single muscle fiber, a single motor unit, and a whole muscle 
A)  a single muscle fiber 
B)  a single motor unit 
C)  a whole muscle 
D)  a single muscle fiber and a single motor unit 
E)  a single muscle fiber, a single motor unit, and a whole muscle

Question 8

A sarcomere extends from

Accepted Answer

A)  one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk. 
B)  one T tubule to the next T tubule. 
C)  the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band. 
D)  the H zone to the I band. 
E)  the M line to the next M line. 
A)  one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk. 
B)  one T tubule to the next T tubule. 
C)  the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band. 
D)  the H zone to the I band. 
E)  the M line to the next M line.

Question 9

Troponin

Accepted Answer

A)  has two subunits. 
B)  is part of the myosin myofilament. 
C)  is a long, flexible protein. 
D)  has a calcium-binding site. 
E)  binds to ATP. 
A)  has two subunits. 
B)  is part of the myosin myofilament. 
C)  is a long, flexible protein. 
D)  has a calcium-binding site. 
E)  binds to ATP.

Question 10

In which of the following situations does a resting membrane potential exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  a relaxed muscle fiber 
B)  a conducting neuron 
C)  a stimulated sensory receptor in the skin 
D)  a contracting cardiac muscle cell 
E)  the eye seeing an image 
A)  a relaxed muscle fiber 
B)  a conducting neuron 
C)  a stimulated sensory receptor in the skin 
D)  a contracting cardiac muscle cell 
E)  the eye seeing an image

Question 11

The plasma membrane of an excitable cell is more permeable to potassium ions because

Accepted Answer

A)  of its positive electrical charge. 
B)  there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+. 
C)  protein molecules cannot exit through the cell membrane. 
D)  calcium ions block Na+ and Cl- channels. 
E)  there are more gated channels for K+. 
A)  of its positive electrical charge. 
B)  there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+. 
C)  protein molecules cannot exit through the cell membrane. 
D)  calcium ions block Na+ and Cl- channels. 
E)  there are more gated channels for K+.

Question 12

Which of the following events occurs on the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine production 
B)  rapid degradation of acetylcholine 
C)  release of neurotransmitter 
D)  neurotransmitter combines with a receptor molecule 
E)  release of calcium ions 
A)  acetylcholine production 
B)  rapid degradation of acetylcholine 
C)  release of neurotransmitter 
D)  neurotransmitter combines with a receptor molecule 
E)  release of calcium ions

Question 13

What type of muscle tissue causes peristalsis?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle

Question 14

Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
D)  both skeletal and cardiac muscle 
E)  both cardiac and smooth muscle 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
D)  both skeletal and cardiac muscle 
E)  both cardiac and smooth muscle

Question 15

Smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  responds in an all-or-none fashion. 
B)  depolarizes when both sodium and calcium ions diffuse into the cell. 
C)  has fast waves of depolarization. 
D)  has fast waves of repolarization. 
E)  has a resting membrane potential that is more negative than skeletal muscle fibers. 
A)  responds in an all-or-none fashion. 
B)  depolarizes when both sodium and calcium ions diffuse into the cell. 
C)  has fast waves of depolarization. 
D)  has fast waves of repolarization. 
E)  has a resting membrane potential that is more negative than skeletal muscle fibers.

Question 16

Which of the following helps explain the increased tension seen in multiple wave summation?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased motor unit recruitment 
B)  increased concentration of calcium ions around the myofibrils 
C)  exposure of more active sites on myosin myofilaments 
D)  the breakdown of elastic elements in the cell 
E)  decreased stimulus frequency 
A)  increased motor unit recruitment 
B)  increased concentration of calcium ions around the myofibrils 
C)  exposure of more active sites on myosin myofilaments 
D)  the breakdown of elastic elements in the cell 
E)  decreased stimulus frequency

Question 17

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The greater the overlap of actin and myosin, the stronger the contraction. 
B)  Overstretching a muscle will increase its tension. 
C)  Optimal actin and myosin overlap will produce maximal contraction. 
D)  The greatest amount of tension is achieved when actin and myosin do not overlap. 
E)  Tension is great when actin and myosin overlap as much as they can. 
A)  The greater the overlap of actin and myosin, the stronger the contraction. 
B)  Overstretching a muscle will increase its tension. 
C)  Optimal actin and myosin overlap will produce maximal contraction. 
D)  The greatest amount of tension is achieved when actin and myosin do not overlap. 
E)  Tension is great when actin and myosin overlap as much as they can.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a known effect of illegal use of anabolic steroids in large dosages?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased muscle size 
B)  kidney damage 
C)  diminished testosterone secretion 
D)  increased cardiovascular fitness 
E)  sterility 
A)  increased muscle size 
B)  kidney damage 
C)  diminished testosterone secretion 
D)  increased cardiovascular fitness 
E)  sterility

Question 19

Callie is a world class marathon runner. Which of the descriptions about her dominant type of skeletal muscle is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They split ATP slowly. 
B)  They have large deposits of myoglobin. 
C)  They are well adapted to anaerobic activity. 
D)  They have a well developed blood supply. 
E)  They have low glycogen stores. 
A)  They split ATP slowly. 
B)  They have large deposits of myoglobin. 
C)  They are well adapted to anaerobic activity. 
D)  They have a well developed blood supply. 
E)  They have low glycogen stores.

Question 20

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge 
A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.

Complete tetanus

Concentric contractions occur when

Randy is participating in a strong man competition and is required to pull a yacht as far as he can. Which type of chemical process will his skeletal muscles rely on during this competition?

One ATP molecule is required for

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "B" represent?

Which of the following will respond to a threshold stimulus with an all-or-none contraction?

A sarcomere extends from

Troponin

In which of the following situations does a resting membrane potential exist?

The plasma membrane of an excitable cell is more permeable to potassium ions because

Which of the following events occurs on the postsynaptic membrane?

What type of muscle tissue causes peristalsis?

Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?

Smooth muscle

Which of the following helps explain the increased tension seen in multiple wave summation?

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is NOT a known effect of illegal use of anabolic steroids in large dosages?

Callie is a world class marathon runner. Which of the descriptions about her dominant type of skeletal muscle is FALSE?

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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