Question 1

The hypothalamohypophysial portal system carries hormones from the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus. 
B)  posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus. 
C)  hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary. 
A)  anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus. 
B)  posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus. 
C)  hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary. C

Question 2

In the blood,

Accepted Answer

A)  most T3 and T4 molecules are found bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 
B)  T3 and T4 are rapidly metabolized. 
C)  T3 is converted into T4. 
D)  T3 but not T4 is bound to TSH. 
E)  most thyroid hormones are transported in a free form. 
A)  most T3 and T4 molecules are found bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 
B)  T3 and T4 are rapidly metabolized. 
C)  T3 is converted into T4. 
D)  T3 but not T4 is bound to TSH. 
E)  most thyroid hormones are transported in a free form. A

Question 3

All of the following are characteristics of the pituitary gland except

Accepted Answer

A)  rests in the sphenoid bone. 
B)  secretes several major hormones. 
C)  influences the secretion of other endocrine glands. 
D)  is regulated by the hypothalamus. 
E)  located superior to the hypothalamus. 
A)  rests in the sphenoid bone. 
B)  secretes several major hormones. 
C)  influences the secretion of other endocrine glands. 
D)  is regulated by the hypothalamus. 
E)  located superior to the hypothalamus. E

Question 4

Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland. 
B)  pancreas isles of Langerhans in the pancreas. 
C)  parathyroid gland. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  kidney. 
A)  thyroid gland. 
B)  pancreas isles of Langerhans in the pancreas. 
C)  parathyroid gland. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  kidney.

Question 5

Osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are involved in the secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  antidiuretic hormone. 
D)  adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
E)  parathyroid hormone. 
A)  growth hormone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  antidiuretic hormone. 
D)  adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
E)  parathyroid hormone.

Question 6

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion will increase when

Accepted Answer

A)  blood osmolality increases. 
B)  blood pressure increases. 
C)  blood volume increases. 
D)  blood pressure decreases. 
E)  Both blood osmolality increases and blood pressure decreases are correct. 
A)  blood osmolality increases. 
B)  blood pressure increases. 
C)  blood volume increases. 
D)  blood pressure decreases. 
E)  Both blood osmolality increases and blood pressure decreases are correct.

Question 7

All of the following conditions may result in the release of adrenal medullary hormones, except

Accepted Answer

A)  stress. 
B)  low blood glucose. 
C)  exercise. 
D)  injury. 
E)  consuming a large meal. 
A)  stress. 
B)  low blood glucose. 
C)  exercise. 
D)  injury. 
E)  consuming a large meal.

Question 8

Insulin shock occurs when there is

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available. 
A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available.

Question 9

Adrenal androgens

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced in the adrenal medulla. 
B)  stimulate growth of pubic hair in females. 
C)  reduce the inflammatory response. 
D)  cause reabsorption of potassium ions by the kidney. 
E)  decrease the sex drive. 
A)  are produced in the adrenal medulla. 
B)  stimulate growth of pubic hair in females. 
C)  reduce the inflammatory response. 
D)  cause reabsorption of potassium ions by the kidney. 
E)  decrease the sex drive.

Question 10

Read the  statements and use the following key to answer them.
-(1) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted (2) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

Accepted Answer

A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 11

If fluid intake increases dramatically over a short time frame,

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion increases. 
B)  ADH secretion decreases. 
C)  there is no effect on ADH secretion. 
D)  ADH secretion stops. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion increases. 
B)  ADH secretion decreases. 
C)  there is no effect on ADH secretion. 
D)  ADH secretion stops. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-neurosecretory cells

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3

Question 13

The major secretory products of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex are

Accepted Answer

A)  glucocorticoids. 
B)  mineralocorticoids. 
C)  androgens. 
D)  catecholamines. 
E)  cortisol and ADH. 
A)  glucocorticoids. 
B)  mineralocorticoids. 
C)  androgens. 
D)  catecholamines. 
E)  cortisol and ADH.

Question 14

Read the  statements and use the following key to answer them.
-(1) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is high (2) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is low

Accepted Answer

A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 15

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) 
A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Question 16

The embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum. 
A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum.

Question 17

What role does oxytocin play in lactation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ejection of milk 
B)  production of milk 
C)  storage of milk 
D)  stop production of milk 
A)  ejection of milk 
B)  production of milk 
C)  storage of milk 
D)  stop production of milk

Question 18

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells...

Question 19

Which of the following occurs when insulin molecules bind to their receptors on target cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased mRNA synthesis in the target cells 
B)  minimal uptake of glucose by target cells 
C)  phosphorylation of proteins in the plasma membrane in the target cells 
D)  increased numbers of active transport molecules for glucose 
E)  phosphorylation of proteins in the plasma membrane in the target cells and increased numbers of active transport molecules for glucose 
A)  increased mRNA synthesis in the target cells 
B)  minimal uptake of glucose by target cells 
C)  phosphorylation of proteins in the plasma membrane in the target cells 
D)  increased numbers of active transport molecules for glucose 
E)  phosphorylation of proteins in the plasma membrane in the target cells and increased numbers of active transport molecules for glucose

Question 20

All of the following are changes due to age-related decreases in endocrine secretions, except

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in muscle mass. 
B)  decrease in bone mass. 
C)  change in sleeping patterns. 
D)  increased susceptibility to infection. 
E)  inability to regulate blood glucose levels. 
A)  decrease in muscle mass. 
B)  decrease in bone mass. 
C)  change in sleeping patterns. 
D)  increased susceptibility to infection. 
E)  inability to regulate blood glucose levels.

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

The hypothalamohypophysial portal system carries hormones from the

In the blood,

All of the following are characteristics of the pituitary gland except

Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the

Osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are involved in the secretion of

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion will increase when

All of the following conditions may result in the release of adrenal medullary hormones, except

Insulin shock occurs when there is

Adrenal androgens

Read the statements and use the following key to answer them. -(1) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted (2) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

If fluid intake increases dramatically over a short time frame,

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -neurosecretory cells

The major secretory products of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex are

Read the statements and use the following key to answer them. -(1) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is high (2) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is low

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

The embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary gland is

What role does oxytocin play in lactation?

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Which of the following occurs when insulin molecules bind to their receptors on target cells?

All of the following are changes due to age-related decreases in endocrine secretions, except

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