Question 1

What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyposecretion of glucocorticoids 
B)  hypersecretion of mineralocorticoids 
C)  hyposecretion of androgens 
D)  hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids 
A)  hyposecretion of glucocorticoids 
B)  hypersecretion of mineralocorticoids 
C)  hyposecretion of androgens 
D)  hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids

Question 2

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: destructive tumor of anterior pituitary that destroys TSH secreting cells?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-Based on these laboratory results, which...

Question 3

If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

Accepted Answer

A)  high blood glucose levels. 
B)  polyuria. 
C)  increased uptake of glucose to cells. 
D)  increased thirst. 
E)  polyphagia. 
A)  high blood glucose levels. 
B)  polyuria. 
C)  increased uptake of glucose to cells. 
D)  increased thirst. 
E)  polyphagia.

Question 4

T3 and T4 are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  thyrotropin 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C)  thyroxine-binding protein 
D)  thyroglobulin 
E)  calcitonin 
A)  thyrotropin 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone 
C)  thyroxine-binding protein 
D)  thyroglobulin 
E)  calcitonin

Question 5

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin 
A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin

Question 6

Describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)  These hormones interact with membrane signaling proteins. 
B)  Thyroid hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm. 
C)  Thyroid hormones bind to epithelial cell membranes that line the intestine. 
D)  These hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm. 
A)  These hormones interact with membrane signaling proteins. 
B)  Thyroid hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm. 
C)  Thyroid hormones bind to epithelial cell membranes that line the intestine. 
D)  These hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm.

Question 7

What is/are the function(s) of inhibin?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland 
B)  inhibits secretion of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland 
C)  inhibits secretion of estrogen from the ovaries 
D)  All of the choices are functions of inhibin. 
A)  inhibits secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland 
B)  inhibits secretion of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland 
C)  inhibits secretion of estrogen from the ovaries 
D)  All of the choices are functions of inhibin.

Question 8

The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  adipose tissue. 
B)  liver. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  brain. 
A)  adipose tissue. 
B)  liver. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  brain.

Question 9

The embryonic origin of the posterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum. 
A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum.

Question 10

The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

Accepted Answer

A)  infundibulum and neurohypophysis. 
B)  pars nervosa and pars tuberalis. 
C)  neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. 
D)  adenohypophysis and infundibulum. 
E)  infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal system 
A)  infundibulum and neurohypophysis. 
B)  pars nervosa and pars tuberalis. 
C)  neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. 
D)  adenohypophysis and infundibulum. 
E)  infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal system

Question 11

Which gland does NOT produce reproductive hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  ovaries 
B)  testes 
C)  placenta 
D)  thyroid 
E)  pituitary gland 
A)  ovaries 
B)  testes 
C)  placenta 
D)  thyroid 
E)  pituitary gland

Question 12

What is the effect of hormones secreted by the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  These hormones stimulate growth. 
B)  These hormones lower blood calcium levels. 
C)  These hormones increase blood calcium levels. 
D)  These hormones increase blood glucose levels. 
E)  These hormones stimulate the development of the immune system. 
A)  These hormones stimulate growth. 
B)  These hormones lower blood calcium levels. 
C)  These hormones increase blood calcium levels. 
D)  These hormones increase blood glucose levels. 
E)  These hormones stimulate the development of the immune system.

Question 13

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulates the release of

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin and oxytocin. 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. 
C)  estrogen and testosterone. 
D)  progesterone and prolactin. 
E)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone. 
A)  prolactin and oxytocin. 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. 
C)  estrogen and testosterone. 
D)  progesterone and prolactin. 
E)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Question 14

A function of insulin is to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues. 
B)  decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues. 
C)  increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle. 
D)  increase breakdown of fats. 
E)  increase gluconeogenesis. 
A)  increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues. 
B)  decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues. 
C)  increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle. 
D)  increase breakdown of fats. 
E)  increase gluconeogenesis.

Question 15

Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  paracrine chemical messengers 
B)  steroidal hormones 
C)  neuropeptides 
D)  tropic hormones 
E)  autocrine chemical messengers 
A)  paracrine chemical messengers 
B)  steroidal hormones 
C)  neuropeptides 
D)  tropic hormones 
E)  autocrine chemical messengers

Question 16

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-thyroid

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin 
A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin

Question 17

The target tissue for melatonin is the __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gonads. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  posterior pituitary. 
D)  liver. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  gonads. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  posterior pituitary. 
D)  liver. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 18

Thromboxane is a chemical mediator released by platelets. Thromboxane promotes the aggregation of platelets which results in platelet plug formation during hemostasis. Thromboxane would therefore be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter. 
B)  paracrine chemical messenger. 
C)  endorphin;. 
D)  enkephalin. 
E)  autocrine chemical messenger. 
A)  neurotransmitter. 
B)  paracrine chemical messenger. 
C)  endorphin;. 
D)  enkephalin. 
E)  autocrine chemical messenger.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulates ovulation 
B)  Stimulates the synthesis of testosterone 
C)  Support for sperm cell production 
D)  Stimulates secretion of progesterone 
E)  Stimulates contraction of the uterus 
A)  Stimulates ovulation 
B)  Stimulates the synthesis of testosterone 
C)  Support for sperm cell production 
D)  Stimulates secretion of progesterone 
E)  Stimulates contraction of the uterus

Question 20

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-zona glomerulosa cells

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: destructive tumor of anterior pituitary that destroys TSH secreting cells?

If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

T3 and T4 are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -adrenal cortex

Describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones.

What is/are the function(s) of inhibin?

The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except

The embryonic origin of the posterior pituitary gland is

The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

Which gland does NOT produce reproductive hormones?

What is the effect of hormones secreted by the thymus gland?

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulates the release of

A function of insulin is to

Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called _____________.

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -thyroid

The target tissue for melatonin is the __________________.

Thromboxane is a chemical mediator released by platelets. Thromboxane promotes the aggregation of platelets which results in platelet plug formation during hemostasis. Thromboxane would therefore be classified as a(n)

Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -zona glomerulosa cells

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

T₃ and T₄ are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.