Question 1

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-Addison's disease

Accepted Answer

A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH 
A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH

Question 2

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  prolactin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  estrogen 
A)  glucagon 
B)  prolactin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  estrogen

Question 3

The connecting stalk between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is the

Accepted Answer

A)  tectum. 
B)  cerebral peduncle. 
C)  hippocampus. 
D)  infundibulum. 
A)  tectum. 
B)  cerebral peduncle. 
C)  hippocampus. 
D)  infundibulum.

Question 4

Which of the following would apply to the description of a thyroid follicle?

Accepted Answer

A)  walls contain a single layer of parafollicular cells 
B)  center is called the isthmus 
C)  stores thyroid hormone 
D)  small capillary networks 
E)  spheres with walls of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells 
A)  walls contain a single layer of parafollicular cells 
B)  center is called the isthmus 
C)  stores thyroid hormone 
D)  small capillary networks 
E)  spheres with walls of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells

Question 5

Match the hormone with its appropriate function.
-ACTH

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) development of immune system 
D) milk production 
E) decreases blood calcium levels 
A) stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) development of immune system 
D) milk production 
E) decreases blood calcium levels

Question 6

Which of the following are released by damaged tissues and function as intercellular autocrine or paracrine signals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aldosterone 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  Norepinephrine 
E)  Prostaglandins 
A)  Aldosterone 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  Norepinephrine 
E)  Prostaglandins

Question 7

An injection of epinephrine would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
B)  decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
C)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and decrease gastric tract motility. 
D)  decrease heart rate, decrease gastric motility, and increase blood pressure. 
E)  have no effect on the heart or the GI tract. 
A)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
B)  decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
C)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and decrease gastric tract motility. 
D)  decrease heart rate, decrease gastric motility, and increase blood pressure. 
E)  have no effect on the heart or the GI tract.

Question 8

Hypersecretion of which of the following hormones causes increased metabolic rate, sensitivity to heat, weight loss, and exophthalmos?

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid hormone 
B)  estrogen 
C)  cortisol 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  growth hormone 
A)  parathyroid hormone 
B)  estrogen 
C)  cortisol 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  growth hormone

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostacyclins 
B)  thromboxanes 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  endorphins 
A)  prostacyclins 
B)  thromboxanes 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  endorphins

Question 10

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: Grave's disease?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-Based on these laboratory results, which...

Question 11

The hypothalamohypophysial tract carries

Accepted Answer

A)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
B)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  neurons from the anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary. 
A)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
B)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  neurons from the anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary.

Question 12

All of the following classes of hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex except

Accepted Answer

A)  mineralcorticoids. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  androgens. 
D)  steroid hormones. 
E)  water-soluble peptides. 
A)  mineralcorticoids. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  androgens. 
D)  steroid hormones. 
E)  water-soluble peptides.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell found in the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)  acinar cells 
B)  gamma cells 
C)  delta cells 
D)  alpha cells 
E)  beta cells 
A)  acinar cells 
B)  gamma cells 
C)  delta cells 
D)  alpha cells 
E)  beta cells

Question 14

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-beta cells

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3

Question 15

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause

Accepted Answer

A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  acidosis. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  hypocalcemia. 
E)  hyperkalemia. 
A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  acidosis. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  hypocalcemia. 
E)  hyperkalemia.

Question 16

Match the hormone with its appropriate function.
-prolactin

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) development of immune system 
D) milk production 
E) decreases blood calcium levels 
A) stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) development of immune system 
D) milk production 
E) decreases blood calcium levels

Question 17

The major thyroid hormone that interacts with target cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  tetraiodothyronine. 
D)  T3 
E)  T4 
A)  calcitonin. 
B)  thyroxine. 
C)  tetraiodothyronine. 
D)  T3 
E)  T4

Question 18

Chronic hypersecretion of growth hormone as a child would result in

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary dwarfism. 
B)  acromegaly. 
C)  myxedema. 
D)  giantism. 
A)  pituitary dwarfism. 
B)  acromegaly. 
C)  myxedema. 
D)  giantism.

Question 19

During exercise, the energy necessary to sustain skeletal muscle cell contraction comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  increased insulin production. 
B)  increased epinephrine and glucagon release. 
C)  decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. 
D)  storing glucose as glycogen. 
E)  conservation of glucose. 
A)  increased insulin production. 
B)  increased epinephrine and glucagon release. 
C)  decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. 
D)  storing glucose as glycogen. 
E)  conservation of glucose.

Question 20

Match the hormone with the best description.
-inhibin

Accepted Answer

A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue 
A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -Addison's disease

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

The connecting stalk between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is the

Which of the following would apply to the description of a thyroid follicle?

Match the hormone with its appropriate function. -ACTH

Which of the following are released by damaged tissues and function as intercellular autocrine or paracrine signals?

An injection of epinephrine would

Hypersecretion of which of the following hormones causes increased metabolic rate, sensitivity to heat, weight loss, and exophthalmos?

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: Grave's disease?

The hypothalamohypophysial tract carries

All of the following classes of hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex except

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell found in the pancreas?

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -beta cells

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause

Match the hormone with its appropriate function. -prolactin

The major thyroid hormone that interacts with target cells is

Chronic hypersecretion of growth hormone as a child would result in

During exercise, the energy necessary to sustain skeletal muscle cell contraction comes from

Match the hormone with the best description. -inhibin

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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