Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA is a double helix. 
B)  RNA is a single-stranded molecule. 
C)  RNA molecules are antiparallel. 
D)  RNA contains the base thymine. 
E)  RNA is found outside a cell. 
A)  RNA is a double helix. 
B)  RNA is a single-stranded molecule. 
C)  RNA molecules are antiparallel. 
D)  RNA contains the base thymine. 
E)  RNA is found outside a cell. B

Question 2

Intermolecular forces

Accepted Answer

A)  separate atoms and ions from one another. 
B)  are electrostatic attractions between different molecules. 
C)  are found within molecules. 
D)  evenly distribute electrical charge among all atoms in a sample. 
E)  form dissociated ions. 
A)  separate atoms and ions from one another. 
B)  are electrostatic attractions between different molecules. 
C)  are found within molecules. 
D)  evenly distribute electrical charge among all atoms in a sample. 
E)  form dissociated ions. B

Question 3

Proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  insulate and cushion the body. 
B)  are the body's source of immediate energy. 
C)  are the building blocks of nucleotides. 
D)  contain the genetic information of the cell. 
E)  provide much of the structure of body cells and tissues. 
A)  insulate and cushion the body. 
B)  are the body's source of immediate energy. 
C)  are the building blocks of nucleotides. 
D)  contain the genetic information of the cell. 
E)  provide much of the structure of body cells and tissues. E

Question 4

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic end which is

Accepted Answer

A)  polar and water-soluble. 
B)  nonpolar and water-soluble. 
C)  polar and water-insoluble. 
D)  nonpolar and water -insoluble. 
A)  polar and water-soluble. 
B)  nonpolar and water-soluble. 
C)  polar and water-insoluble. 
D)  nonpolar and water -insoluble.

Question 5

If the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the reactants is greater than the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the product,

Accepted Answer

A)  energy must be supplied for the reaction to occur. 
B)  the chemical reaction equalizes the potential energy levels. 
C)  energy is not a factor in the reaction. 
D)  energy has not been gained or lost. 
E)  energy is released by the reaction. 
A)  energy must be supplied for the reaction to occur. 
B)  the chemical reaction equalizes the potential energy levels. 
C)  energy is not a factor in the reaction. 
D)  energy has not been gained or lost. 
E)  energy is released by the reaction.

Question 6

ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  can be synthesized from ADP. 
B)  stores and releases energy in the cell. 
C)  is associated with a reversible reaction. 
D)  is associated with anabolism and catabolism. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  can be synthesized from ADP. 
B)  stores and releases energy in the cell. 
C)  is associated with a reversible reaction. 
D)  is associated with anabolism and catabolism. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 7

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  proton. 
B)  atom. 
C)  orbital. 
D)  chemical bond. 
E)  electron. 
A)  proton. 
B)  atom. 
C)  orbital. 
D)  chemical bond. 
E)  electron.

Question 8

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  starch. 
E)  ATP. 
A)  RNA. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  starch. 
E)  ATP.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a use of X-ray imaging?

Accepted Answer

A)  breast cancer screening in mammography 
B)  upper digestive tract abnormalities following barium ingestion 
C)  brain tumor progression 
D)  vertebrae fractures 
A)  breast cancer screening in mammography 
B)  upper digestive tract abnormalities following barium ingestion 
C)  brain tumor progression 
D)  vertebrae fractures

Question 10

Triglycerides are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaccharides. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  glycerol and fatty acids. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  monosaccharides. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  glycerol and fatty acids. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Ribose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
E)  sugar found in RNA and ATP. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
E)  sugar found in RNA and ATP.

Question 12

Nucleotides

Accepted Answer

A)  hold the nucleus together. 
B)  are proteins that function as enzymes. 
C)  have nothing to do with the genetic information in the nucleus. 
D)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids. 
E)  are part of DNA molecules but not RNA molecules. 
A)  hold the nucleus together. 
B)  are proteins that function as enzymes. 
C)  have nothing to do with the genetic information in the nucleus. 
D)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids. 
E)  are part of DNA molecules but not RNA molecules.

Question 13

An anion is

Accepted Answer

A)  a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
D)  an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
E)  a positively charged ion. 
A)  a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
B)  a negatively charged ion. 
C)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
D)  an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
E)  a positively charged ion.

Question 14

Sucrose is formed when the simple sugars fructose and glucose are covalently bonded. This reaction releases water. What type of reaction is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  monomeric 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  catabolic 
D)  dehydration 
A)  monomeric 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  catabolic 
D)  dehydration

Question 15

In order to get energy (ATP) from food molecules in the final stage of respiration, humans require _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sodium 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sodium

Question 16

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called

Accepted Answer

A)  solvents. 
B)  insoluble. 
C)  catalysts. 
D)  osmoles. 
E)  solutes. 
A)  solvents. 
B)  insoluble. 
C)  catalysts. 
D)  osmoles. 
E)  solutes.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  structural component of RNA 
B)  bulk in feces 
C)  structural component of DNA 
D)  protection 
E)  energy 
A)  structural component of RNA 
B)  bulk in feces 
C)  structural component of DNA 
D)  protection 
E)  energy

Question 18

A substance composed of two or more different types of atoms is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  element. 
B)  compound and a molecule. 
C)  compound. 
D)  molecule. 
E)  ion. 
A)  element. 
B)  compound and a molecule. 
C)  compound. 
D)  molecule. 
E)  ion.

Question 19

Inorganic chemists study substances _______ carbon, while organic chemists study substances _______ carbon.

Accepted Answer

A)  lacking; containing 
B)  containing more than 1 mole of; with less than a mole of 
C)  containing; lacking 
A)  lacking; containing 
B)  containing more than 1 mole of; with less than a mole of 
C)  containing; lacking

Question 20

Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They interfere with protein synthesis. 
B)  They interfere with nerve impulses. 
C)  They interfere with the production of ATP. 
D)  They interfere with muscle contraction. 
E)  All of these occur with cyanide poisoning. 
A)  They interfere with protein synthesis. 
B)  They interfere with nerve impulses. 
C)  They interfere with the production of ATP. 
D)  They interfere with muscle contraction. 
E)  All of these occur with cyanide poisoning.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which of the following statements best describes RNA?

Intermolecular forces

Proteins

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic end which is

If the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the reactants is greater than the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the product,

ATP

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n)

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

Which of the following is not a use of X-ray imaging?

Triglycerides are composed of

Ribose is the

Nucleotides

An anion is

Sucrose is formed when the simple sugars fructose and glucose are covalently bonded. This reaction releases water. What type of reaction is this?

In order to get energy (ATP) from food molecules in the final stage of respiration, humans require _____.

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in the body?

A substance composed of two or more different types of atoms is a(n)

Inorganic chemists study substances _______ carbon, while organic chemists study substances _______ carbon.

Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Inorganic chemists study substances _ carbon, while organic chemists study substances _ carbon.