Question 1

Which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid 
B)  lipid 
C)  vitamin 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  protein 
A)  nucleic acid 
B)  lipid 
C)  vitamin 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  protein

Question 2

Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  molecule. 
B)  element. 
C)  compound. 
D)  molecule and a compound. 
E)  ion. 
A)  molecule. 
B)  element. 
C)  compound. 
D)  molecule and a compound. 
E)  ion.

Question 3

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  can be lowered by enzymes. 
B)  is elevated by a catalyst. 
C)  moves in energy surges. 
D)  comes from ionic energy motion. 
E)  results from random molecular movement. 
A)  can be lowered by enzymes. 
B)  is elevated by a catalyst. 
C)  moves in energy surges. 
D)  comes from ionic energy motion. 
E)  results from random molecular movement.

Question 4

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region 
A)  phosphorus 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) region

Question 5

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal 
A)  chloride ion 
B)  dissociation 
C)  water molecule 
D)  sodium ion 
E)  salt crystal

Question 6

Isotopes of the same element have

Accepted Answer

A)  no mass number. 
B)  the same mass number. 
C)  the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons. 
D)  different numbers of protons and electrons. 
E)  the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers. 
A)  no mass number. 
B)  the same mass number. 
C)  the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons. 
D)  different numbers of protons and electrons. 
E)  the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers.

Question 7

The conversion between different states of energy (e.g. potential energy to kinetic energy):

Accepted Answer

A)  is not 100% efficent 
B)  is 100% efficent 
C)  typically generates heat 
D)  is not possible, energy can not change its state. 
E)  is not 100% efficient and typically generates heat 
A)  is not 100% efficent 
B)  is 100% efficent 
C)  typically generates heat 
D)  is not possible, energy can not change its state. 
E)  is not 100% efficient and typically generates heat

Question 8

The minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to start a chemical reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A)  potential energy. 
B)  mechanical energy. 
C)  kinetic energy. 
D)  activation energy. 
E)  electromagnetic energy. 
A)  potential energy. 
B)  mechanical energy. 
C)  kinetic energy. 
D)  activation energy. 
E)  electromagnetic energy.

Question 9

Cellulose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  sugar found in RNA. 
E)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  sugar found in RNA. 
E)  storage carbohydrate in plants.

Question 10

Which function of proteins is NOT correctly matched with the example?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure - collagen and keratin 
B)  regulation - enzymes and hormones 
C)  transport - hemoglobin 
D)  contraction - actin and myosin in muscles 
E)  protection - packing around organs and glands 
A)  structure - collagen and keratin 
B)  regulation - enzymes and hormones 
C)  transport - hemoglobin 
D)  contraction - actin and myosin in muscles 
E)  protection - packing around organs and glands

Question 11

Which of the following is a source of nitrogen for the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  water 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  lipids 
E)  glucose 
A)  proteins 
B)  water 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  lipids 
E)  glucose

Question 12

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
B)  Water evaporation heats the body. 
C)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
D)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
E)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes. 
A)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
B)  Water evaporation heats the body. 
C)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
D)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
E)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes.

Question 13

The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule of water are held together by

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide bonds. 
B)  ionic bonds. 
C)  nonpolar bonds. 
D)  savings bonds. 
E)  polar covalent bonds. 
A)  peptide bonds. 
B)  ionic bonds. 
C)  nonpolar bonds. 
D)  savings bonds. 
E)  polar covalent bonds.

Question 14

Glucose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  sugar found in RNA. 
B)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
C)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
D)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
E)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
A)  sugar found in RNA. 
B)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
C)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
D)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
E)  major nutrient for most body cells.

Question 15

All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  estrogen 
D)  bile salts 
E)  triglyceride 
A)  steroid 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  estrogen 
D)  bile salts 
E)  triglyceride

Question 16

In a reversible reaction, when the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  in danger of exploding. 
B)  a net decomposition reaction. 
C)  a net synthesis reaction. 
D)  stopped. 
E)  at equilibrium. 
A)  in danger of exploding. 
B)  a net decomposition reaction. 
C)  a net synthesis reaction. 
D)  stopped. 
E)  at equilibrium.

Question 17

Starch is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  sugar found in RNA. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
E)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  sugar found in RNA. 
C)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
D)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
E)  storage carbohydrate in plants.

Question 18

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium, hydrogen, sodium, and potassium. 
B)  carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and zinc. 
C)  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and iron. 
D)  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. 
E)  carbon, sulfur, calcium, and potassium. 
A)  calcium, hydrogen, sodium, and potassium. 
B)  carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and zinc. 
C)  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and iron. 
D)  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. 
E)  carbon, sulfur, calcium, and potassium.

Question 19

In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays.

Accepted Answer

A)  light, absorb; dark, do not absorb 
B)  dark, absorb; light, do not absorb 
C)  dark, do not absorb; light, do absorb 
D)  light, do not absorb; dark, aborb 
A)  light, absorb; dark, do not absorb 
B)  dark, absorb; light, do not absorb 
C)  dark, do not absorb; light, do absorb 
D)  light, do not absorb; dark, aborb

Question 20

Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called

Accepted Answer

A)  salt molecules. 
B)  polar molecules. 
C)  nonpolar molecules. 
D)  lopsided molecules. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  salt molecules. 
B)  polar molecules. 
C)  nonpolar molecules. 
D)  lopsided molecules. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong to?

Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "A" represent on the diagram?

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "C" represent?

Isotopes of the same element have

The conversion between different states of energy (e.g. potential energy to kinetic energy):

The minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to start a chemical reaction is called

Cellulose is the

Which function of proteins is NOT correctly matched with the example?

Which of the following is a source of nitrogen for the body?

Which of the following statements is false?

The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule of water are held together by

Glucose is the

All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four?

In a reversible reaction, when the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction is

Starch is the

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays.

Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear because they the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear because they the x-rays.