Question 1

What symptom would not usually be found in a bacterial contamination reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Hemoglobinuria 
D)  Fever 
A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Hemoglobinuria 
D)  Fever

Question 2

For a patient who has suffered an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, the primary treatment goal should be to:

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent alloimmunization. 
B)  diminish chills and fever and make the patient comfortable. 
C)  prevent hemoglobinemia. 
D)  reverse hypotension and minimize renal damage. 
A)  prevent alloimmunization. 
B)  diminish chills and fever and make the patient comfortable. 
C)  prevent hemoglobinemia. 
D)  reverse hypotension and minimize renal damage.

Question 3

In the United States, fatalities associated with transfusion are required to be reported to which organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  AMA 
B)  CDC 
C)  FDA 
D)  NHSN 
A)  AMA 
B)  CDC 
C)  FDA 
D)  NHSN

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intravascular transfusion reactions require complete complement activation. 
B)  Intravascular transfusion reactions can have immediate clinical signs. 
C)  Red blood cells are phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen and liver in intravascular reactions. 
D)  Intravascular reactions usually involve IgM antibodies. 
A)  Intravascular transfusion reactions require complete complement activation. 
B)  Intravascular transfusion reactions can have immediate clinical signs. 
C)  Red blood cells are phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen and liver in intravascular reactions. 
D)  Intravascular reactions usually involve IgM antibodies.

Question 5

Why is an FNHTR said to be a "diagnosis of exclusion"?

Accepted Answer

A)  A spiked fever can only be the result of a blood transfusion. 
B)  FNHTR should not be suspected when fever is the sole symptom exhibited by the patient. 
C)  Fever can be the result of many other underlying maladies. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  A spiked fever can only be the result of a blood transfusion. 
B)  FNHTR should not be suspected when fever is the sole symptom exhibited by the patient. 
C)  Fever can be the result of many other underlying maladies. 
D)  None of the above

Question 6

A patient with two or more documented febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) should receive blood components.

Accepted Answer

A)  irradiated 
B)  leukopoor 
C)  cytomegalovirus-negative 
D)  hemoglobin S-negative 
A)  irradiated 
B)  leukopoor 
C)  cytomegalovirus-negative 
D)  hemoglobin S-negative

Question 7

What is a cause of death in GVHD?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anemia 
B)  Infection 
C)  Cardiac arrest 
D)  Renal failure 
A)  Anemia 
B)  Infection 
C)  Cardiac arrest 
D)  Renal failure

Question 8

Which of the following clinical manifestations is not included in the physically or chemically induced transfusion reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Citrate toxicity 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hemosiderosis 
D)  Factor VIII depletion 
A)  Citrate toxicity 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hemosiderosis 
D)  Factor VIII depletion

Question 9

Which of the following therapies is not advocated in circulatory overload?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whole blood units 
B)  Transfusing at too fast a rate 
C)  Therapeutic phlebotomy 
D)  Washed red blood cells 
A)  Whole blood units 
B)  Transfusing at too fast a rate 
C)  Therapeutic phlebotomy 
D)  Washed red blood cells

Question 10

Which of the following indicates a hemolytic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pre-transfusion plasma is yellow; post-transfusion plasma is red. 
B)  Pre-transfusion plasma is yellow; post-transfusion plasma is yellow. 
C)  Pre-transfusion plasma is red; post-transfusion plasma is yellow. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  Pre-transfusion plasma is yellow; post-transfusion plasma is red. 
B)  Pre-transfusion plasma is yellow; post-transfusion plasma is yellow. 
C)  Pre-transfusion plasma is red; post-transfusion plasma is yellow. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 11

Which of the following may be a factor in a nonimmune transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Post-transfusion purpura 
B)  Circulatory overload 
C)  Allergic reaction 
D)  Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction 
A)  Post-transfusion purpura 
B)  Circulatory overload 
C)  Allergic reaction 
D)  Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction

Question 12

Which of the following urinalysis results represents hemolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reagent strip is negative for blood in presence of intact red blood cells (RBCs) (microscopic) 
B)  Reagent strip is positive for blood in presence of intact RBCs (microscopic) 
C)  Reagent strip is positive for blood in absence of intact RBCs (microscopic) 
D)  Reagent strip is negative for blood and positive for urobilinogen 
A)  Reagent strip is negative for blood in presence of intact red blood cells (RBCs) (microscopic) 
B)  Reagent strip is positive for blood in presence of intact RBCs (microscopic) 
C)  Reagent strip is positive for blood in absence of intact RBCs (microscopic) 
D)  Reagent strip is negative for blood and positive for urobilinogen

Question 13

What may be found in the serum of a person who is exhibiting signs of a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cell alloantibody 
B)  IgA antibody 
C)  Antileukocyte antibody 
D)  Allergen 
A)  Red blood cell alloantibody 
B)  IgA antibody 
C)  Antileukocyte antibody 
D)  Allergen

Question 14

Which of the following is the most common transfusion reaction reported to blood banks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaphylactic reaction 
B)  Febrile reaction 
C)  Intravascular hemolytic reaction 
D)  Extravascular hemolytic reaction 
A)  Anaphylactic reaction 
B)  Febrile reaction 
C)  Intravascular hemolytic reaction 
D)  Extravascular hemolytic reaction

Question 15

A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction is most often the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial-contaminated red blood cells. 
B)  a unit of packed cells infected with hepatitis B virus. 
C)  an anamnestic response in a patient who has been previously sensitized by transfusion or pregnancy. 
D)  hemosiderosis in a massively transfused patient. 
A)  bacterial-contaminated red blood cells. 
B)  a unit of packed cells infected with hepatitis B virus. 
C)  an anamnestic response in a patient who has been previously sensitized by transfusion or pregnancy. 
D)  hemosiderosis in a massively transfused patient.

Question 16

Which of the following is an indicator of acute immune hemolytic transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased haptoglobin 
B)  Increased hemoglobin 
C)  Decreased LDH 
D)  Increased bilirubin 
A)  Increased haptoglobin 
B)  Increased hemoglobin 
C)  Decreased LDH 
D)  Increased bilirubin

Question 17

How is a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction FNHTR best defined?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 1°C temperature rise associated with transfusion that has no medical explanation other than blood component transfusion 
B)  A 1°C temperature rise associated with transfusion and inflammation of the colon 
C)  A 2°C temperature rise associated with transfusion that has no medical explanation other than component transfusion 
D)  A 2°C temperature rise associated with transfusion and pneumonia 
A)  A 1°C temperature rise associated with transfusion that has no medical explanation other than blood component transfusion 
B)  A 1°C temperature rise associated with transfusion and inflammation of the colon 
C)  A 2°C temperature rise associated with transfusion that has no medical explanation other than component transfusion 
D)  A 2°C temperature rise associated with transfusion and pneumonia

Question 18

What is a common finding in a DHTR?

Accepted Answer

A)  DIC 
B)  Jaundice 
C)  Renal failure 
D)  Hypotension 
A)  DIC 
B)  Jaundice 
C)  Renal failure 
D)  Hypotension

Question 19

Treatment in the event of an anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction should include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  stopping the transfusion. 
B)  immediately administering PPF. 
C)  keeping the intravenous line open with normal saline. 
D)  immediately administering epinephrine. 
A)  stopping the transfusion. 
B)  immediately administering PPF. 
C)  keeping the intravenous line open with normal saline. 
D)  immediately administering epinephrine.

Question 20

How can depletion and dilution of coagulation factors be avoided in a massively transfused patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prudent use of colloid replacement solutions 
B)  Prudent use of platelets and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) 
C)  Whole blood infusions 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Prudent use of colloid replacement solutions 
B)  Prudent use of platelets and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) 
C)  Whole blood infusions 
D)  None of the above

Exam 17: Adverse Effects of Blood Transfusion

What symptom would not usually be found in a bacterial contamination reaction?

For a patient who has suffered an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, the primary treatment goal should be to:

In the United States, fatalities associated with transfusion are required to be reported to which organization?

Which of the following statements is false?

Why is an FNHTR said to be a "diagnosis of exclusion"?

A patient with two or more documented febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) should receive blood components.

What is a cause of death in GVHD?

Which of the following clinical manifestations is not included in the physically or chemically induced transfusion reactions?

Which of the following therapies is not advocated in circulatory overload?

Which of the following indicates a hemolytic process?

Which of the following may be a factor in a nonimmune transfusion reaction?

Which of the following urinalysis results represents hemolysis?

What may be found in the serum of a person who is exhibiting signs of a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reaction?

Which of the following is the most common transfusion reaction reported to blood banks?

A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction is most often the result of:

Which of the following is an indicator of acute immune hemolytic transfusion reaction?

How is a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction FNHTR best defined?

What is a common finding in a DHTR?

Treatment in the event of an anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction should include all of the following except:

How can depletion and dilution of coagulation factors be avoided in a massively transfused patient?

Red Blood Cells and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Basic Genetics

Fundamentals of Immunology

Concepts in Molecular Biology

The Antiglobulin Test

The Abo Blood Group System

The Rh Blood Group System

Blood Group Terminology and Common Blood Groups

Uncommon Blood Groups

Detection and Identification of Antibodies

Pre-Transfusion Testing

Blood Bank Technologies and Automation

Donor Selection

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Component Preparation

Transfusion Therapy

Apheresis

Cellular Therapy in the Transplant Setting

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Tissue Banking As Part of the Transfusion Service

The Hla System

Relationship Testing

Quality Management

Patient Blood Management

Transfusion Safety and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Laboratory Information Systems in the Blood Bank

Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Providing Blood Collection and Transfusion Services

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