Question 1

An electrical gradient

Accepted Answer

A)  favors the movement of K+ out of the cell at resting potential 
B)  favors the movement of Na+ into the cell at resting potential 
C)  opposes the concentration gradient for Na+ at the equilibrium potential for Na+ 
D)  all of these 
E)  favors the movement of Na+ into the cell at resting potential and opposes the concentration gradient for Na+ at the equilibrium potential for Na+ 
A)  favors the movement of K+ out of the cell at resting potential 
B)  favors the movement of Na+ into the cell at resting potential 
C)  opposes the concentration gradient for Na+ at the equilibrium potential for Na+ 
D)  all of these 
E)  favors the movement of Na+ into the cell at resting potential and opposes the concentration gradient for Na+ at the equilibrium potential for Na+

Question 2

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ is a rubber-like protein found in tissues in organs such as the lungs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ is...

Question 3

Sodium-potassium pumps indirectly provide the energy source for SGLT carriers in intestinal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Solution 1 has two solutes (A and B) and an osmotic pressure of 250 mOsm. Solution 2 has only one solute (C) and an osmotic pressure of 300 mOsm. If a membrane between these solutions is permeable to only water and B, then

Accepted Answer

A)  Solution 1 will gain water from solution 2. 
B)  Solution 2 will gain water from solution 1. 
C)  Some of solute C will move into solution 1. 
D)  Solution 1 has a higher osmotic pressure. 
E)  Solution 2 will gain water from solution 1, and solution 1 has a higher osmotic pressure. 
A)  Solution 1 will gain water from solution 2. 
B)  Solution 2 will gain water from solution 1. 
C)  Some of solute C will move into solution 1. 
D)  Solution 1 has a higher osmotic pressure. 
E)  Solution 2 will gain water from solution 1, and solution 1 has a higher osmotic pressure.

Question 5

Which of the following may not require a carrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of potassium into the cell 
B)  movement of sodium into the cell 
C)  iodine uptake by thyroid gland cells 
D)  glucose uptake by body cells 
E)  all of these 
A)  movement of potassium into the cell 
B)  movement of sodium into the cell 
C)  iodine uptake by thyroid gland cells 
D)  glucose uptake by body cells 
E)  all of these

Question 6

Use the figure above to answer the corresponding questions.
Which protein might be an ATPase?
  a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the figure above to answer the...

Question 7

Use the figure above to answer the corresponding questions.
In this figure, the carrier is
  a.	transporting Na+ ions into the ECF
b.	transporting K+ ions into the ICF
c.	about to become phosphorylated.
d.	performing secondary active transport
e.	transporting K+ ions into the ICF and performing secondary active transport

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the figure above to answer the...

Question 8

Complete each of the following statments.
In many cells, the hormone called ____________________ promotes the insertion of glucose carriers into the plasma membranes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
In many...

Question 9

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are cell-to-cell connections through which materials can pass from the cytosol of one cell into the cytosol of an adjacent cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are...

Question 10

A single phospholipid in the plasma membrane

Accepted Answer

A)  has its hydrophobic end next to either the ECF or the cytosol 
B)  spans the entire width of the membrane 
C)  can function as carrier molecule 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  has its hydrophobic end next to either the ECF or the cytosol 
B)  spans the entire width of the membrane 
C)  can function as carrier molecule 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 11

The dark lines in the trilaminar appearance of the plasma membrane are likely caused by the preferential staining of the hydrophobic, nonpolar regions of the membrane constituents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Tight junctions

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent passage of materials into epithelial cells 
B)  force materials to pass between cells 
C)  are commonly found in digestive tract linings 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  prevent passage of materials into epithelial cells 
B)  force materials to pass between cells 
C)  are commonly found in digestive tract linings 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 13

Indicate which characteristic of a mediated-transport system is referred to in each item by filling in the blank using the following answer code.
 $\begin{array}{lr}
\text { 1. Carrier can handle substance } X \text { but not substance } Y \text {. }&\text { specificity }\_\_\_\
\text { 2. In the presence of substance } Z \text { there is a decreased rate }\\text { of entry of substance } X&\text { competition }\_\_\_\\text { 3. The concentration of substance } \mathrm{X} \text { outside the cell }\\text { continues to increase but the rate of substance X's transport }\\text { into the cell remains constant. }&\text { saturation }\_\_\_
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate which characteristic of a mediated-transport system...

Question 14

Net sodium movement into the cell occurs passively, whereas net sodium movement out of the cell occurs actively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not associated with an extracellular chemical binding with a membrane-bound receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased activity within a certain cell 
B)  activation of an ATPase 
C)  a change in shape of a transmembrane protein 
D)  increased activity within a certain cell 
E)  opening of a sodium channel that allows Na+ to diffuse out of the cell 
A)  decreased activity within a certain cell 
B)  activation of an ATPase 
C)  a change in shape of a transmembrane protein 
D)  increased activity within a certain cell 
E)  opening of a sodium channel that allows Na+ to diffuse out of the cell

Question 16

Placing pure water around cells causes the cells to swell because the cytosol has a lower osmotic pressure than the pure water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If an electrical gradient is present for a given substance, the substance may be able to get through the membrane without going through a carrier or channel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Describe the effects of the concentration and electrical gradients on the movement of Na+ and K+ ions through the membrane.

Accepted Answer

The unequal diffusion and unequal pumpin

Question 19

Exocytosis of secretory products from neuron terminals is triggered by the entry of ____ into the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  K+; cytosol 
B)  Na+; ECF 
C)  Ca2+; cytosol 
D)  ATP; plasma membrane 
E)  A-; ECF 
A)  K+; cytosol 
B)  Na+; ECF 
C)  Ca2+; cytosol 
D)  ATP; plasma membrane 
E)  A-; ECF

Question 20

Opening a sodium channel during the resting potential would cause sodium ions to move along an electrical gradient and along a concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

An electrical gradient

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ is a rubber-like protein found in tissues in organs such as the lungs.

Sodium-potassium pumps indirectly provide the energy source for SGLT carriers in intestinal cells.

Solution 1 has two solutes (A and B) and an osmotic pressure of 250 mOsm. Solution 2 has only one solute (C) and an osmotic pressure of 300 mOsm. If a membrane between these solutions is permeable to only water and B, then

Which of the following may not require a carrier?

Use the figure above to answer the corresponding questions. Which protein might be an ATPase? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5

Complete each of the following statments. In many cells, the hormone called ____________________ promotes the insertion of glucose carriers into the plasma membranes.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ are cell-to-cell connections through which materials can pass from the cytosol of one cell into the cytosol of an adjacent cell.

A single phospholipid in the plasma membrane

The dark lines in the trilaminar appearance of the plasma membrane are likely caused by the preferential staining of the hydrophobic, nonpolar regions of the membrane constituents.

Tight junctions

Net sodium movement into the cell occurs passively, whereas net sodium movement out of the cell occurs actively.

Which of the following is not associated with an extracellular chemical binding with a membrane-bound receptor?

Placing pure water around cells causes the cells to swell because the cytosol has a lower osmotic pressure than the pure water.

If an electrical gradient is present for a given substance, the substance may be able to get through the membrane without going through a carrier or channel.

Describe the effects of the concentration and electrical gradients on the movement of Na+ and K+ ions through the membrane.

Exocytosis of secretory products from neuron terminals is triggered by the entry of ____ into the ____.

Opening a sodium channel during the resting potential would cause sodium ions to move along an electrical gradient and along a concentration gradient.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Describe the effects of the concentration and electrical gradients on the movement of Na⁺ and K⁺ ions through the membrane.

Exocytosis of secretory products from neuron terminals is triggered by the entry of into the .