Question 1

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ cells derived from activated B lymphocytes are specialized for antibody production.

Accepted Answer

Plasma

Question 2

Most fat cells in the body are located in the dermis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytotoxic T cells release chemicals that destroy targeted cells. 
B)  Helper T cells enhance the activity of other T cells and B cells. 
C)  Suppressor T cells are believed to play an important role in tolerance to self-antigens. 
D)  Helper T cells can combine only with host cells bearing both foreign antigen and class I MHC-encoded self-antigens on their surface. 
E)  The majority of T cells are helper T cells. 
A)  Cytotoxic T cells release chemicals that destroy targeted cells. 
B)  Helper T cells enhance the activity of other T cells and B cells. 
C)  Suppressor T cells are believed to play an important role in tolerance to self-antigens. 
D)  Helper T cells can combine only with host cells bearing both foreign antigen and class I MHC-encoded self-antigens on their surface. 
E)  The majority of T cells are helper T cells. D

Question 4

Immune surveillance refers to the body's ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign invaders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Select the incorrect statement about the glucocorticoids.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol is a glucocorticoid. 
B)  They are used to treat undesirable immune responses. 
C)  They stimulate lymphocyte production. 
D)  They reduce the body's ability to resist infection. 
E)  They suppress the inflammatory response. 
A)  Cortisol is a glucocorticoid. 
B)  They are used to treat undesirable immune responses. 
C)  They stimulate lymphocyte production. 
D)  They reduce the body's ability to resist infection. 
E)  They suppress the inflammatory response.

Question 6

Complete each of the following statments.
The inflammatory agent ____________________ is released by mast cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The inflammatory...

Question 7

Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________ theory proposes that a diversity of lymphocytes is produced during development, each preprogrammed to synthesize antibody against only one of an almost limitless variety of antigens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________...

Question 8

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ tissues store, produce, or process lymphocytes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ tissues...

Question 9

When an antigen gains entry to the body, it stimulates all of the B cells to produce antibodies specific against it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is part of the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

A)  migration of neutrophils and macrophages to the involved area 
B)  localized vasodilation 
C)  formation of interstitial-fluid clots in the injured region 
D)  both migration of neutrophils and macrophages to the involved area, and localized vasodilation 
E)  all of these 
A)  migration of neutrophils and macrophages to the involved area 
B)  localized vasodilation 
C)  formation of interstitial-fluid clots in the injured region 
D)  both migration of neutrophils and macrophages to the involved area, and localized vasodilation 
E)  all of these

Question 11

Describe the mechanisms of the inflammation process following the introduction of bacteria into a cut in the skin. Include information about the cause of the heat, redness, and edema associated with inflammation and describe inflammation's specific benefits to the body's defense.

Accepted Answer

After the skin is cut, mast cells in the

Question 12

Complete each of the following statments.
In tissue repair, nerve and muscle tissue are replaced mainly by ____________________ tissue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
In tissue...

Question 13

The primary purpose of the vascular changes in an invaded or injured area is to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce swelling, redness, heat, and pain 
B)  bring to the affected area phagocytes and plasma proteins that defend against the offending agent 
C)  produce pus 
D)  exert an anti-inflammatory effect to protect against damage by potentially over-reactive defense mechanisms 
E)  trigger specific immune responses 
A)  produce swelling, redness, heat, and pain 
B)  bring to the affected area phagocytes and plasma proteins that defend against the offending agent 
C)  produce pus 
D)  exert an anti-inflammatory effect to protect against damage by potentially over-reactive defense mechanisms 
E)  trigger specific immune responses

Question 14

With ____, the body fails to recognize and tolerate particular self-antigens.

Accepted Answer

A)  delayed hypersensitivity 
B)  autoimmune disease 
C)  immune-complex disease 
D)  immediate hypersensitivity 
E)  inflammation 
A)  delayed hypersensitivity 
B)  autoimmune disease 
C)  immune-complex disease 
D)  immediate hypersensitivity 
E)  inflammation

Question 15

Which of the following does not characterize immediate hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is mediated by T cells. 
B)  It involves IgE antibodies. 
C)  It occurs within 20 minutes of exposure to the allergen. 
D)  It usually involves allergic responses to inhaled or ingested allergens. 
E)  It includes hay fever, asthma, and hives. 
A)  It is mediated by T cells. 
B)  It involves IgE antibodies. 
C)  It occurs within 20 minutes of exposure to the allergen. 
D)  It usually involves allergic responses to inhaled or ingested allergens. 
E)  It includes hay fever, asthma, and hives.

Question 16

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ refers to the body's ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign materials or abnormal cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ refers...

Question 17

Diapedesis refers to the chemical attraction of phagocytes to areas of injury, inflammation, or bacterial invasion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Interferon

Accepted Answer

A)  forms a membrane-attack complex 
B)  causes lysis of invading microbes 
C)  nonspecifically defends against viruses 
D)  stimulates histamine release from mast cells 
E)  is secreted by lymphoid tissues 
A)  forms a membrane-attack complex 
B)  causes lysis of invading microbes 
C)  nonspecifically defends against viruses 
D)  stimulates histamine release from mast cells 
E)  is secreted by lymphoid tissues

Question 19

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions.
The cell labeled ____ is a(n) ____________________ cell and is the one invaded by the HIV.

Accepted Answer

6, helper

Question 20

Phagocytes can destroy foreign microbes only after they have engulfed these invaders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Body Defenses

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ cells derived from activated B lymphocytes are specialized for antibody production.

Most fat cells in the body are located in the dermis.

Which statement is incorrect?

Immune surveillance refers to the body's ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign invaders.

Select the incorrect statement about the glucocorticoids.

Complete each of the following statments. The inflammatory agent ____________________ is released by mast cells.

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ theory proposes that a diversity of lymphocytes is produced during development, each preprogrammed to synthesize antibody against only one of an almost limitless variety of antigens.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ tissues store, produce, or process lymphocytes.

When an antigen gains entry to the body, it stimulates all of the B cells to produce antibodies specific against it.

Which of the following is part of the inflammatory response?

Describe the mechanisms of the inflammation process following the introduction of bacteria into a cut in the skin. Include information about the cause of the heat, redness, and edema associated with inflammation and describe inflammation's specific benefits to the body's defense.

Complete each of the following statments. In tissue repair, nerve and muscle tissue are replaced mainly by ____________________ tissue.

The primary purpose of the vascular changes in an invaded or injured area is to

With ____, the body fails to recognize and tolerate particular self-antigens.

Which of the following does not characterize immediate hypersensitivity?

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ refers to the body's ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign materials or abnormal cells.

Diapedesis refers to the chemical attraction of phagocytes to areas of injury, inflammation, or bacterial invasion.

Interferon

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. The cell labeled ____ is a(n) ____________________ cell and is the one invaded by the HIV.

Phagocytes can destroy foreign microbes only after they have engulfed these invaders.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. The cell labeled is a(n) ________________ cell and is the one invaded by the HIV.