Question 1

Endogenous pyrogen (EP), leukocyte endogenous mediator (LEM), and interleukin 1 (IL-1) are all believed to be identical or closely related chemical mediators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What type of immune defense cell is selectively invaded by AIDS virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells 
B)  helper T cells 
C)  suppressor T cells 
D)  macrophages 
E)  neutrophils 
A)  cytotoxic T cells 
B)  helper T cells 
C)  suppressor T cells 
D)  macrophages 
E)  neutrophils

Question 3

Complete each of the following statments.
A mass of transformed cells that is slow-growing, stays put, and does not infiltrate surrounding tissue is known as a(n) ____________________ tumor, whereas rapidly growing, invasive masses are called ____________________ tumors or ____________________. The spreading of mutant cells that have broken away from the parent tumor to other body sites is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

benign, ma

Question 4

IgM immunoglobulin

Accepted Answer

A)  serves as the B-cell surface receptor for antigen attachment 
B)  is found in milk and tears 
C)  mediates common allergies such as hay fever, asthma, and hives 
D)  is the most abundant antibody produced by plasma cells 
E)  is specific for viral invaders 
A)  serves as the B-cell surface receptor for antigen attachment 
B)  is found in milk and tears 
C)  mediates common allergies such as hay fever, asthma, and hives 
D)  is the most abundant antibody produced by plasma cells 
E)  is specific for viral invaders

Question 5

Hives result from an allergy-induced histamine release.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Complete each of the following statments.
Most of the progeny of an activated B-cell clone differentiate into ____________________, which produce antibodies, and ____________________, which remain dormant and expand the specific clone.

Accepted Answer

plasma cel

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: interferon
complement
lactoferrin
pyrogens
opsonins
histamine
glucocorticoids
antibodies

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Form(s) a membrane-attack complex and Produced by is...

Question 8

T cells typically bind with MHC self-antigens only when they are in association with foreign antigen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Complete each of the following statments.
A pyrogen induces the development of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
A pyrogen...

Question 10

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions.
Number 1 is a(n) ____________________ cell, and number 6 is a(n) ____________________ cell.

Accepted Answer

cytotoxic

Question 11

Define the complement system and describe the two ways in which it can be activated, then describe four ways that activated complement contributes to the body's defense.

Accepted Answer

Complement refers to a group of proteins

Question 12

Lactoferrin is a protein that binds with iron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The epidermis

Accepted Answer

A)  has an outermost keratinized layer that is tough, airtight, and fairly waterproof 
B)  contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Granstein cells, and transient T lymphocytes 
C)  has a richly vascularized inner layer 
D)  has an outermost keratinized layer that is tough, airtight, and fairly waterproof; and contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Granstein cells, and transient T lymphocytes 
E)  none of these 
A)  has an outermost keratinized layer that is tough, airtight, and fairly waterproof 
B)  contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Granstein cells, and transient T lymphocytes 
C)  has a richly vascularized inner layer 
D)  has an outermost keratinized layer that is tough, airtight, and fairly waterproof; and contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Granstein cells, and transient T lymphocytes 
E)  none of these

Question 14

Passive immunity is accomplished by transfer of ____ antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgG 
D)  IgM 
E)  all of these 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgG 
D)  IgM 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Nonspecific immune responses

Accepted Answer

A)  come into play whether or not there has been prior experience with the offending agent 
B)  are triggered by invasion of infectious microorganisms, chemical injury, mechanical trauma, or burns 
C)  are mediated by lymphocytes 
D)  come into play whether or not there has been prior experience with the offending agent and are triggered by invasion of infectious microorganisms, chemical injury, mechanical trauma, or burns 
E)  all of these 
A)  come into play whether or not there has been prior experience with the offending agent 
B)  are triggered by invasion of infectious microorganisms, chemical injury, mechanical trauma, or burns 
C)  are mediated by lymphocytes 
D)  come into play whether or not there has been prior experience with the offending agent and are triggered by invasion of infectious microorganisms, chemical injury, mechanical trauma, or burns 
E)  all of these

Question 16

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ cells do not participate in an immune reaction but remain dormant to expand a specific clone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ cells...

Question 17

Interferon is released only from phagocytic cells that have been invaded by viruses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Neutrophils are the first phagocytes to leave the blood and arrive at a site of bacterial invasion or tissue damage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Cytotoxic T cells are one of several kinds of regulatory T cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Viral-blocking enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A)  produced by cells invaded by virus 
B)  produced by cells in response to binding with interferon 
C)  may be produced by cells not yet invaded by a virus 
D)  all of these 
E)  produced by cells invaded by virus and may be produced by cells not yet invaded by a virus 
A)  produced by cells invaded by virus 
B)  produced by cells in response to binding with interferon 
C)  may be produced by cells not yet invaded by a virus 
D)  all of these 
E)  produced by cells invaded by virus and may be produced by cells not yet invaded by a virus

Exam 12: Body Defenses

Endogenous pyrogen (EP), leukocyte endogenous mediator (LEM), and interleukin 1 (IL-1) are all believed to be identical or closely related chemical mediators.

What type of immune defense cell is selectively invaded by AIDS virus?

IgM immunoglobulin

Hives result from an allergy-induced histamine release.

Complete each of the following statments. Most of the progeny of an activated B-cell clone differentiate into ____________________, which produce antibodies, and ____________________, which remain dormant and expand the specific clone.

T cells typically bind with MHC self-antigens only when they are in association with foreign antigen.

Complete each of the following statments. A pyrogen induces the development of ____________________.

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. Number 1 is a(n) ____________________ cell, and number 6 is a(n) ____________________ cell.

Define the complement system and describe the two ways in which it can be activated, then describe four ways that activated complement contributes to the body's defense.

Lactoferrin is a protein that binds with iron.

The epidermis

Passive immunity is accomplished by transfer of ____ antibodies.

Nonspecific immune responses

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ cells do not participate in an immune reaction but remain dormant to expand a specific clone.

Interferon is released only from phagocytic cells that have been invaded by viruses.

Neutrophils are the first phagocytes to leave the blood and arrive at a site of bacterial invasion or tissue damage.

Cytotoxic T cells are one of several kinds of regulatory T cells.

Viral-blocking enzymes are

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Complete each of the following statments. Most of the progeny of an activated B-cell clone differentiate into , which produce antibodies, and , which remain dormant and expand the specific clone.

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. Number 1 is a(n) cell, and number 6 is a(n) cell.