Question 1

What is the abbreviated nomenclature for octadecanoic acid with two double bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  16:1 
B)  14:2 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:0 
E)  18:1 
A)  16:1 
B)  14:2 
C)  18:2 
D)  18:0 
E)  18:1

Question 2

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) like aspirin and ibuprofen act by blocking production of:

Accepted Answer

A)  biological waxes 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  sphingolipids 
D)  vitamin D 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  biological waxes 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  sphingolipids 
D)  vitamin D 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 3

Which vitamin is derived from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B12 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  K 
A)  A 
B)  B12 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  K

Question 4

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature.
(a) 18:1 $\Delta$ 9
18:2 $\Delta$ 9,12
(b) 18:0
18:1 $\Delta$ 9
(c) 18:0
16:0

Accepted Answer

To determine which fatty acid has a high

Question 5

Which molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  beeswax 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  sphingolipids 
D)  triacylglycerols 
E)  All of these contain or are derived from fatty acids. 
A)  beeswax 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  sphingolipids 
D)  triacylglycerols 
E)  All of these contain or are derived from fatty acids.

Question 6

Which glycerophospholipid has a net charge of zero at pH 7?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylserine 
B)  phasphatidic acid 
C)  phosphatidylcholine 
D)  phosphatidylglycerol 
E)  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 
A)  phosphatidylserine 
B)  phasphatidic acid 
C)  phosphatidylcholine 
D)  phosphatidylglycerol 
E)  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate

Question 7

Human adipocytes contain which enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of triacylglycerols?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerase 
B)  lipase 
C)  fatase 
D)  esterase 
E)  triacylase 
A)  glycerase 
B)  lipase 
C)  fatase 
D)  esterase 
E)  triacylase

Question 8

Triacylglycerols are composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a glycerol backbone. 
B)  three fatty acids. 
C)  amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol. 
D)  both a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids. 
E)  a glycerol backbone, three fatty acids, and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol. 
A)  a glycerol backbone. 
B)  three fatty acids. 
C)  amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol. 
D)  both a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids. 
E)  a glycerol backbone, three fatty acids, and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol.

Question 9

Which statement is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phospholipase A1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 1-position on the glycerol backbone. 
B)  Phospholipase B1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 2-position on the glycerol backbone. 
C)  Phospholipase C hydrolyzes the complete phospho-head group from the glycerol backbone. 
D)  Phospholipase D hydrolyzes just the head group from the phospho-glycerol backbone. 
A)  Phospholipase A1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 1-position on the glycerol backbone. 
B)  Phospholipase B1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 2-position on the glycerol backbone. 
C)  Phospholipase C hydrolyzes the complete phospho-head group from the glycerol backbone. 
D)  Phospholipase D hydrolyzes just the head group from the phospho-glycerol backbone.

Question 10

Describe why saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than do unsaturated fatty acids that have the same chain length.

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have higher meltin

Question 11

When a tissue sample is homogenized in a extractant composed of chloroform, methanol, and water, followed by addition of more water to separate the liquid phases, which molecules will remain in the methanol/water phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids 
B)  proteins 
C)  sugars 
D)  both lipids and proteins 
E)  both proteins and sugars 
A)  lipids 
B)  proteins 
C)  sugars 
D)  both lipids and proteins 
E)  both proteins and sugars

Question 12

Show the structure of sphingosine and indicate the relationship between sphingosine and ceramide.

Accepted Answer

Sphingosine is a long-chain amino alcoho

Question 13

Which health effect is NOT associated with consumption of trans fats?

Accepted Answer

A)  lowering of HDL cholesterol 
B)  increased inflammatory response in the body 
C)  raising of LDL cholesterol 
D)  increased joint flexibility due to additional membrane fluidity 
E)  increased risk of heart disease 
A)  lowering of HDL cholesterol 
B)  increased inflammatory response in the body 
C)  raising of LDL cholesterol 
D)  increased joint flexibility due to additional membrane fluidity 
E)  increased risk of heart disease

Question 14

Give the structure of phosphatidylethanolamine containing one palmitate and one oleate. Show the ionic form expected at pH 7. How many ester bonds are there in this compound?

Accepted Answer

Phosphatidylethanolamine containing one

Question 15

Which drug is NOT lipid based?

Accepted Answer

A)  prednisone 
B)  warfarin 
C)  erythromycin 
D)  aspirin 
E)  lovastatin 
A)  prednisone 
B)  warfarin 
C)  erythromycin 
D)  aspirin 
E)  lovastatin

Question 16

What is the abbreviated nomenclature for a 14-carbon omega-3 fatty acid that contains no other double bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  14:1($\Delta$11) 
B)  17:1($\Delta$14) 
C)  14:1($\Delta$3) 
D)  13:1($\Delta$11) 
E)  14:0($\Delta$11) 
A)  14:1($\Delta$11) 
B)  17:1($\Delta$14) 
C)  14:1($\Delta$3) 
D)  13:1($\Delta$11) 
E)  14:0($\Delta$11)

Question 17

Which solvent is a commonly used to extract all the lipids from homogenized tissue samples and subsequent separation of the lipids from the proteins and sugars present in those samples?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethanol 
B)  benzene 
C)  a mixture of chloroform, methanol, and water 
D)  water 
E)  a mixture of chloroform and benzene 
A)  ethanol 
B)  benzene 
C)  a mixture of chloroform, methanol, and water 
D)  water 
E)  a mixture of chloroform and benzene

Question 18

Which types of membrane lipids make up 70% to 80% of the total membrane lipids in a vascular plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylserines 
B)  glycosphingolipids 
C)  galactolipids 
D)  plasmalogens 
E)  sphingomyelins 
A)  phosphatidylserines 
B)  glycosphingolipids 
C)  galactolipids 
D)  plasmalogens 
E)  sphingomyelins

Question 19

Waxes are BEST described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  esters of glycerol and three fatty acids. 
B)  esters of one long-chain fatty acid and one long-chain alcohol. 
C)  polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids. 
D)  esters of two long-chain fatty acids. 
E)  ethers of glycerol and short-chain alcohols. 
A)  esters of glycerol and three fatty acids. 
B)  esters of one long-chain fatty acid and one long-chain alcohol. 
C)  polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids. 
D)  esters of two long-chain fatty acids. 
E)  ethers of glycerol and short-chain alcohols.

Question 20

Explain why extraction of lipids from tissues requires organic solvents.

Accepted Answer

Lipids are a diverse group of biological

Exam 10: Lipids

What is the abbreviated nomenclature for octadecanoic acid with two double bonds?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) like aspirin and ibuprofen act by blocking production of:

Which vitamin is derived from cholesterol?

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature. (a) 18:1 Δ\DeltaΔ 9 18:2 Δ\DeltaΔ 9,12 (b) 18:0 18:1 Δ\DeltaΔ 9 (c) 18:0 16:0

Which molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?

Which glycerophospholipid has a net charge of zero at pH 7?

Human adipocytes contain which enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of triacylglycerols?

Triacylglycerols are composed of:

Which statement is NOT true?

Describe why saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than do unsaturated fatty acids that have the same chain length.

When a tissue sample is homogenized in a extractant composed of chloroform, methanol, and water, followed by addition of more water to separate the liquid phases, which molecules will remain in the methanol/water phase?

Show the structure of sphingosine and indicate the relationship between sphingosine and ceramide.

Which health effect is NOT associated with consumption of trans fats?

Give the structure of phosphatidylethanolamine containing one palmitate and one oleate. Show the ionic form expected at pH 7. How many ester bonds are there in this compound?

Which drug is NOT lipid based?

What is the abbreviated nomenclature for a 14-carbon omega-3 fatty acid that contains no other double bonds?

Which solvent is a commonly used to extract all the lipids from homogenized tissue samples and subsequent separation of the lipids from the proteins and sugars present in those samples?

Which types of membrane lipids make up 70% to 80% of the total membrane lipids in a vascular plant?

Waxes are BEST described as:

Explain why extraction of lipids from tissues requires organic solvents.

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

DNA-Based Information Technologies

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Hormonal Regulation and Integration of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

DNA Metabolism

RNA Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature. (a) 18:1 ^$\Delta$ ⁹ 18:2 ^$\Delta$ ^9,12 (b) 18:0 18:1 ^$\Delta$ ⁹ (c) 18:0 16:0