Question 1

The study and classification of the complete set of lipids produced in an organisms is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  proteomics. 
B)  lipidomics. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  lipidification. 
E)  fatification. 
A)  proteomics. 
B)  lipidomics. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  lipidification. 
E)  fatification.

Question 2

What chemical features distinguish a plasmalogen from a common glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Plasmalogens are a special class of glyc

Question 3

A patient you are treating appears to be deficient in vitamin D. You have previously prescribed vitamin D supplements, but they do not appear to be working. Which organs and/or tissues should you check to make sure that the enzymes they produce are functioning appropriately?

Accepted Answer

A)  the liver 
B)  the kidneys 
C)  the pancreas 
D)  both a the liver and the kidneys 
E)  the liver, the kidneys, and the pancreas 
A)  the liver 
B)  the kidneys 
C)  the pancreas 
D)  both a the liver and the kidneys 
E)  the liver, the kidneys, and the pancreas

Question 4

Which phospholipid head group is positively charged at pH 7?

Accepted Answer

A)  serine 
B)  ethanolamine 
C)  choline 
D)  both serine and ethanolamine 
E)  both ethanolamine and choline 
A)  serine 
B)  ethanolamine 
C)  choline 
D)  both serine and ethanolamine 
E)  both ethanolamine and choline

Question 5

Match each of these vitamins with its biological role: Vitamins A, D, E, K.
____ blood clotting
____ vision
____ Ca2+ and phosphate metabolism
____ prevention of oxidative damage

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A: Vision
Vitamin D: C

Question 6

Fatty acids are attached to sphingosine by what type of chemical linkage?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ether linkage 
B)  an amide linkage 
C)  an ester linkage 
D)  a peroxide linkage 
E)  a alkyl linkage 
A)  an ether linkage 
B)  an amide linkage 
C)  an ester linkage 
D)  a peroxide linkage 
E)  a alkyl linkage

Question 7

Which factor is NOT a consequence of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

Accepted Answer

A)  longer shelf life 
B)  lower melting temperature 
C)  reduction of some cis double bonds to single bonds 
D)  conversion of some cis double bonds to trans double bonds 
E)  increased risk of cardiovascular disease upon consumption by humans 
A)  longer shelf life 
B)  lower melting temperature 
C)  reduction of some cis double bonds to single bonds 
D)  conversion of some cis double bonds to trans double bonds 
E)  increased risk of cardiovascular disease upon consumption by humans

Question 8

In cells, fatty acids are stored as triacylglycerols for energy reserves. (a) What is the molecule to which fatty acids are esterified to form triacylglycerols? (b) Define the logic behind cells storing fatty acids in esterified form.

Accepted Answer

(a) The molecule to which fatty acids ar

Question 9

The steroid hormones testosterone and beta-estradiol are derived from which lipid molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylcholine 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  lipoxin A 
D)  arachidonic acid 
E)  geraniol 
A)  phosphatidylcholine 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  lipoxin A 
D)  arachidonic acid 
E)  geraniol

Question 10

Which compound is NOT a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylcholine 
B)  phosphatidylethanolamine 
C)  phosphatidylserine 
D)  cardiolipin 
E)  ceramide 
A)  phosphatidylcholine 
B)  phosphatidylethanolamine 
C)  phosphatidylserine 
D)  cardiolipin 
E)  ceramide

Question 11

Which solvent is NOT used to dissolve lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethyl ether 
B)  water 
C)  benzene 
D)  methanol 
E)  chloroform 
A)  ethyl ether 
B)  water 
C)  benzene 
D)  methanol 
E)  chloroform

Question 12

Which method can be used to visualize lipids that have been separated by thin-layer chromatography by reversibly reacting with double bonds in fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethanol 
B)  iodine fumes 
C)  low-wavelength UV light 
D)  rhodamine 
E)  ethidium bromide 
A)  ethanol 
B)  iodine fumes 
C)  low-wavelength UV light 
D)  rhodamine 
E)  ethidium bromide

Question 13

Which vitamin is NOT fat soluble?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  K 
A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  K

Question 14

Describe the process of column chromatography of lipid extract mixtures, including which types of lipids elute first and how lipids of progressively higher polarity can be eluted from the silica gel column.

Accepted Answer

Column chromatography of lipid extract m

Question 15

What chemical features distinguish a cerebroside from a ganglioside?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrosides and gangliosides are both t

Question 16

What is the effect of a double bond on fatty acid structure?

Accepted Answer

A double bond in a fatty acid structure

Question 17

Which term BEST describes the polarity of membrane lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ambidextrous 
B)  completely nonpolar 
C)  amphipathic 
D)  completely polar 
E)  amphibolic 
A)  ambidextrous 
B)  completely nonpolar 
C)  amphipathic 
D)  completely polar 
E)  amphibolic

Question 18

What do all these compounds have in common: vitamin A, vitamin K, ubiquinone, and dolichol?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A, vitamin K, ubiquinone (also k

Question 19

Which lipid compound is NOT at least partially made from the condensation of isoprene units?

Accepted Answer

A)  sterols 
B)  limonene 
C)  beta-carotene 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  phosphatidylinositol 
A)  sterols 
B)  limonene 
C)  beta-carotene 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  phosphatidylinositol

Question 20

Which statement describes a distinct difference between membrane lipids in archaea and membrane lipids in eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaeal membrane lipids have alkyl acids that are ether-linked to glycerol at both ends. 
B)  Eukaryotic membrane lipids consist of glycerol that is ester-linked to three fatty acids. 
C)  Only eukaryotic membrane lipids are amphipathic. 
D)  Archaeal membrane lipids always contain sphingosine. 
E)  Eukaryotic membrane lipids always have a phosphate group attached to glycerol. 
A)  Archaeal membrane lipids have alkyl acids that are ether-linked to glycerol at both ends. 
B)  Eukaryotic membrane lipids consist of glycerol that is ester-linked to three fatty acids. 
C)  Only eukaryotic membrane lipids are amphipathic. 
D)  Archaeal membrane lipids always contain sphingosine. 
E)  Eukaryotic membrane lipids always have a phosphate group attached to glycerol.

Exam 10: Lipids

The study and classification of the complete set of lipids produced in an organisms is called:

What chemical features distinguish a plasmalogen from a common glycerophospholipid?

A patient you are treating appears to be deficient in vitamin D. You have previously prescribed vitamin D supplements, but they do not appear to be working. Which organs and/or tissues should you check to make sure that the enzymes they produce are functioning appropriately?

Which phospholipid head group is positively charged at pH 7?

Match each of these vitamins with its biological role: Vitamins A, D, E, K. ____ blood clotting ____ vision ____ Ca2+ and phosphate metabolism ____ prevention of oxidative damage

Fatty acids are attached to sphingosine by what type of chemical linkage?

Which factor is NOT a consequence of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

In cells, fatty acids are stored as triacylglycerols for energy reserves. (a) What is the molecule to which fatty acids are esterified to form triacylglycerols? (b) Define the logic behind cells storing fatty acids in esterified form.

The steroid hormones testosterone and beta-estradiol are derived from which lipid molecule?

Which compound is NOT a glycerophospholipid?

Which solvent is NOT used to dissolve lipids?

Which method can be used to visualize lipids that have been separated by thin-layer chromatography by reversibly reacting with double bonds in fatty acids?

Which vitamin is NOT fat soluble?

Describe the process of column chromatography of lipid extract mixtures, including which types of lipids elute first and how lipids of progressively higher polarity can be eluted from the silica gel column.

What chemical features distinguish a cerebroside from a ganglioside?

What is the effect of a double bond on fatty acid structure?

Which term BEST describes the polarity of membrane lipids?

What do all these compounds have in common: vitamin A, vitamin K, ubiquinone, and dolichol?

Which lipid compound is NOT at least partially made from the condensation of isoprene units?

Which statement describes a distinct difference between membrane lipids in archaea and membrane lipids in eukarya?

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

DNA-Based Information Technologies

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Hormonal Regulation and Integration of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

DNA Metabolism

RNA Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Match each of these vitamins with its biological role: Vitamins A, D, E, K. blood clotting vision Ca²⁺ and phosphate metabolism prevention of oxidative damage