Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

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An increase in the number of moles of gas as the reaction goes from reactants to products in a gas-phase equilibrium results in ________

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A reaction is run under conditions in which the equilibrium constant is known to be 2.5. 102. At equilibrium, the forward rate is determined to be 5.0 104 mol L1 s1. What is the rate of the reverse reaction under these conditions?

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The equilibrium constant for the formation of calcium carbonate from the ions in solution is 2.2 108 according to the reaction: The equilibrium constant for the formation of calcium carbonate from the ions in solution is 2.2 <font face=symbol></font> 10<sup>8</sup> according to the reaction:       What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the reverse of this reaction? The equilibrium constant for the formation of calcium carbonate from the ions in solution is 2.2 <font face=symbol></font> 10<sup>8</sup> according to the reaction:       What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the reverse of this reaction? The equilibrium constant for the formation of calcium carbonate from the ions in solution is 2.2 <font face=symbol></font> 10<sup>8</sup> according to the reaction:       What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the reverse of this reaction? What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the reverse of this reaction?

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The reaction of bromine gas with chlorine gas, shown here, has a Kp value of 7.20. If a closed vessel was charged with the two reactants, each at an initial partial pressure of 0.500 atm, and the product also at 0.500 atm, what would be the equilibrium partial pressure of BrCl(g)? Br2(g) Cl2(g) The reaction of bromine gas with chlorine gas, shown here, has a K<sub>p</sub> value of 7.20. If a closed vessel was charged with the two reactants, each at an initial partial pressure of 0.500 atm, and the product also at 0.500 atm, what would be the equilibrium partial pressure of BrCl(g)? Br<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font> Cl<sub>2</sub>(g)   2BrCl(g) 2BrCl(g)

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Hydrofluoric acid is used in the preparation of numerous pharmaceuticals (e.g., Prozac) and industrial materials (e.g., Teflon). It can be produced by the reaction of hydrogen and fluorine gases. Starting with initial concentrations of 2.00 M for H2 and 2.00 M for F2, what would be the equilibrium concentration of HF? The equilibrium constant for the reaction Kc 115.

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Water can decompose at an elevated temperature to give hydrogen and oxygen according to the equation below. At a particular temperature in a vessel containing water vapor and air, the partial pressures of H2O, H2, and O2 are 0.055 atm, 0.0065 atm, and 0.19 atm, respectively. What is the value of the reaction quotient, QP, for this reaction under these conditions? 2H2O(g) Water can decompose at an elevated temperature to give hydrogen and oxygen according to the equation below. At a particular temperature in a vessel containing water vapor and air, the partial pressures of H<sub>2</sub>O, H<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>2</sub> are 0.055 atm, 0.0065 atm, and 0.19 atm, respectively. What is the value of the reaction quotient, Q<sub>P</sub>, for this reaction under these conditions? 2H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   2H<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font> O<sub>2</sub>(g) 2H2(g) O2(g)

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The sulfide ion, S2, reacts with water as a weak base: S2 H2O The sulfide ion, S<sup>2</sup><font face=symbol><sup></sup></font>, reacts with water as a weak base: S<sup>2</sup><font face=symbol><sup></sup></font><font face=symbol></font> H<sub>2</sub>O   SH<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font> <font face=symbol></font> OH<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font><sup> </sup>K <font face=symbol></font> 1.0 If sodium sulfide were dissolved in water to make a solution of 0.50 M, what would be the resulting concentration of OH<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font>? SH OH K 1.0 If sodium sulfide were dissolved in water to make a solution of 0.50 M, what would be the resulting concentration of OH?

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Write the equilibrium expression for the reaction Write the equilibrium expression for the reaction      Write the equilibrium expression for the reaction      Write the equilibrium expression for the reaction

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Which of the following occurs when reactants are added to a chemical reaction in solution or the gas phase at equilibrium?

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If the temperature of an endothermic reaction at equilibrium could be increased instantaneously, what would be the instantaneous effect on Q and K before equilibrium was again achieved?

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Using the Reaction, Initial, Change, Equilibrium (RICE) table started for calculating equilibrium concentrations of the reaction shown, what is the expression for the equilibrium constant in terms of x? 2NOCl(g) Using the Reaction, Initial, Change, Equilibrium (RICE) table started for calculating equilibrium concentrations of the reaction shown, what is the expression for the equilibrium constant in terms of x? 2NOCl(g)   2NO(g) <font face=symbol></font> Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) R [NOCl] [NO] [Cl<sub>2</sub>] I 0.20 M 0 M 0 M C E 2NO(g) Cl2(g) R [NOCl] [NO] [Cl2] I 0.20 M 0 M 0 M C E

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The gas-phase equilibrium of the oxidation of sulfur dioxide, shown here, has an equilibrium constant, Kp, value of 4.17 102 at 200C. If a closed vessel was filled with sulfur trioxide and the initial pressure of SO3 was 0.033 atm at 200C, what would be the final partial pressure of SO3? 2SO2(g) O2(g) The gas-phase equilibrium of the oxidation of sulfur dioxide, shown here, has an equilibrium constant, K<sub>p</sub>, value of 4.17 <font face=symbol></font> 10<sup>2</sup> at 200<font face=symbol></font>C. If a closed vessel was filled with sulfur trioxide and the initial pressure of SO<sub>3</sub> was 0.033 atm at 200<font face=symbol></font>C, what would be the final partial pressure of SO<sub>3</sub>? 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font> O<sub>2</sub>(g)   2SO<sub>3</sub>(g) 2SO3(g)

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The reaction of bromine gas with chlorine gas, shown below, has a Kp value of 0.127. If a closed vessel was charged with the reactant at an initial partial pressure of 0.500 atm, what would be the equilibrium partial pressure of Br2(g)? 2BrCl(g) The reaction of bromine gas with chlorine gas, shown below, has a K<sub>p</sub> value of 0.127. If a closed vessel was charged with the reactant at an initial partial pressure of 0.500 atm, what would be the equilibrium partial pressure of Br<sub>2</sub>(g)? 2BrCl(g)   Br<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font> Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) Br2(g) Cl2(g)

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Sulfur dioxide emitted in the burning of coal is "scrubbed" from the effluent using ________

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In equilibrium expressions, the concentrations of pure solids and liquids ________

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If the reaction quotient Q is equal to the related equilibrium constant, K, ________

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For the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen gases at 30°C to form two moles of ammonia gas (NH3), the value of KP is 4.5 1012. What is the equilibrium expression for Kc for the production of two moles of ammonia in terms of KP and variables from the ideal gas law?

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Gaseous hydrogen and iodine can be used to prepare HI in the following balanced chemical reaction. Calculate a value for the reaction quotient when [H2] [I2] 4.67 10-3 M and [HI] 4.07 10-2 M. H2(g) I2(g) Gaseous hydrogen and iodine can be used to prepare HI in the following balanced chemical reaction. Calculate a value for the reaction quotient when [H<sub>2</sub>] <font face=symbol></font> [I<sub>2</sub>] <font face=symbol></font> 4.67 <font face=symbol></font>10<sup>-</sup><sup>3</sup> M and [HI] <font face=symbol></font> 4.07 <font face=symbol></font> 10<sup>-</sup><sup>2 </sup>M. H<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font> I<sub>2</sub>(g)   2HI(g) 2HI(g)

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How would an increase in temperature affect the following equilibrium? H2O(l ) How would an increase in temperature affect the following equilibrium? H<sub>2</sub>O(l )   H<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font>   O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <font face=symbol></font>H<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font> <font face=symbol></font> 482.0 kJ/mol H2(g) How would an increase in temperature affect the following equilibrium? H<sub>2</sub>O(l )   H<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font>   O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <font face=symbol></font>H<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font> <font face=symbol></font> 482.0 kJ/mol O2(g) How would an increase in temperature affect the following equilibrium? H<sub>2</sub>O(l )   H<sub>2</sub>(g) <font face=symbol></font>   O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <font face=symbol></font>H<font face=symbol><sup></sup></font> <font face=symbol></font> 482.0 kJ/mol H 482.0 kJ/mol

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Equilibrium constants for gases can be expressed in terms of concentrations, Kc, or in terms of partial pressures, Kp. Which one of the following statements regarding Kc and Kp is correct?

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