Exam 7: Learning-Part C

Both reinforcers and punishers increase the future likelihood of behavior.

The conditioned stimulus in the Little Albert study initially was a white rat.

Distributed practice is more effective than is massed practice for learning language-related material but not for learning content devoid of meaning (e.g. ,nonsense syllables).

B.F.Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber.

In Pavlov's work with dogs,animals were not presented food unless they salivated when they heard the tone.

Implicit-learning abilities extend into old age and decline more slowly than do explicit learning abilities.

If connections between the amygdala and midbrain are severed,the physiological changes associated with fear conditioning will not occur.

Extinction is the equivalent of erasing the effects of learning.

Dopamine-blocking drugs diminish the reinforcing effects of opiate drugs.

Extinction of an operant response involves no longer providing reinforcement for that response.

The unconditioned stimulus in the Little Albert study initially was a white rat.

The amygdala is responsible for producing both the physiological and behavioral changes associated with fear conditioning.

Shaping through approximations is another term for trial-and-error learning.

All species are biological predisposed to learn some things more easily than do others.

In some cases,observational learning may be just as effective as repeatedly practicing a skill.

Extinction of a conditioned response involves the repeated presentation of the US in the absence of the CS.

An explicit knowledge of grammatical rules is necessary to identify correct words in an artificial grammar task.

Once a conditioned response has been extinguished,it will not occur again unless the CS-US pairings are reintroduced.

Pigeons have been taught to discriminate paintings by Monet from paintings by Picasso.

In classical conditioning,the conditioned stimulus (CS)is initially neutral and does not evoke a conditioned response.