Question 1

Bobby smokes cigarettes and bites his nails.According to Freud,on which psychosexual stage of development is Bobby fixated?

Accepted Answer

A) anal stage 
B) phallic stage 
C) oral stage 
D) latency stage 
A) anal stage 
B) phallic stage 
C) oral stage 
D) latency stage C

Question 2

Teresa really liked and admired her sister Valerie.Valerie was a very good volleyball player,and Teresa felt that she herself was not very good at volleyball.However,when Teresa played volleyball,she started to act and talk like Valerie.Which defense mechanism did Teresa use when she played volleyball?

Accepted Answer

A) identification 
B) projection 
C) displacement 
D) sublimation 
A) identification 
B) projection 
C) displacement 
D) sublimation A

Question 3

Which commonly used personality test is a well-researched clinical questionnaire designed to assess personality and psychological problems?

Accepted Answer

A) the Beck Depression Inventory 
B) a self-report 
C) the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 
D) the Thematic Apperception Test 
A) the Beck Depression Inventory 
B) a self-report 
C) the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 
D) the Thematic Apperception Test C

Question 4

What is MOST critical to learning outcome expectancies?

Accepted Answer

A) conscientiousness 
B) openness to experience 
C) locus of control 
D) consequences of behavior 
A) conscientiousness 
B) openness to experience 
C) locus of control 
D) consequences of behavior

Question 5

The idea that self-esteem reflects an inner gauge of how much a person feels included by others illustrates a theory of self-esteem based on:

Accepted Answer

A) status. 
B) belonging. 
C) narcissism. 
D) neediness. 
A) status. 
B) belonging. 
C) narcissism. 
D) neediness.

Question 6

The Big Five Facto Model includes _____ as one the five dimensions of personality.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroticism 
B) creativity 
C) narcissism 
D) ambition 
A) neuroticism 
B) creativity 
C) narcissism 
D) ambition

Question 7

A 13-year-old learns in her World Cultures class that Bashar al-Assad is an authoritarian.She might NOT expect al-Assad to demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

A) a high degree of sensation seeking. 
B) political conservatism. 
C) adherence to a rigid hierarchy of power. 
D) an emphasis on conformity. 
A) a high degree of sensation seeking. 
B) political conservatism. 
C) adherence to a rigid hierarchy of power. 
D) an emphasis on conformity.

Question 8

Gosling (1998)arranged for human observers to observe a group of spotted hyenas and to assess the personalities of each hyena.He did NOT find evidence of:

Accepted Answer

A) agreeableness. 
B) conscientiousness. 
C) neuroticism. 
D) openness to experience. 
A) agreeableness. 
B) conscientiousness. 
C) neuroticism. 
D) openness to experience.

Question 9

Lindsey has high self-esteem and carries herself more confidently than Barb,who has lower self-esteem.Their employees tend to work harder in an effort to impress Lindsey,illustrating a benefit of self-esteem related to:

Accepted Answer

A) social status. 
B) belonging. 
C) extraversion. 
D) security. 
A) social status. 
B) belonging. 
C) extraversion. 
D) security.

Question 10

Imagine Eysenck's two factors expressed in two-dimensional space.On the vertical axis is insecurity at the top and security at the bottom.Bisecting this axis is the second factor,with introversion on the left and extroversion on the right.Using this model,a person who is quiet,reserved,and prone to extreme swings in mood would be placed in which quadrant?

Accepted Answer

A) upper left 
B) lower left 
C) upper right 
D) lower right 
A) upper left 
B) lower left 
C) upper right 
D) lower right

Question 11

Roughly _____% of the variability in personality among individuals is due to genetic factors.

Accepted Answer

A) 25 
B) 40 
C) 60 
D) 75 
A) 25 
B) 40 
C) 60 
D) 75

Question 12

Susan loves her new baby brother,but sometimes she secretly wishes she were still the only child in the family.Which defense mechanism would she be using if she snuggled him a little too roughly?

Accepted Answer

A) regression 
B) repression 
C) reaction formation 
D) projection 
A) regression 
B) repression 
C) reaction formation 
D) projection

Question 13

Which occupation is BEST suited for an extravert?

Accepted Answer

A) accountant 
B) teacher 
C) historian 
D) nighttime security guard 
A) accountant 
B) teacher 
C) historian 
D) nighttime security guard

Question 14

How are outcome expectancies related to goals?

Accepted Answer

A) Goals determine outcome expectancies. 
B) Outcome expectancies determine goals. 
C) Personality determines both goals and outcome expectancies. 
D) Outcome expectancies combine with goals in producing behavior. 
A) Goals determine outcome expectancies. 
B) Outcome expectancies determine goals. 
C) Personality determines both goals and outcome expectancies. 
D) Outcome expectancies combine with goals in producing behavior.

Question 15

Henry Murray,the creator of the Thematic Apperception Test,believed that traits:

Accepted Answer

A) are preexisting dispositions or causes of behavior that reliably trigger the behavior. 
B) reflect underlying motives. 
C) are highly unstable across the lifetime. 
D) indicate what type of childhood the person had. 
A) are preexisting dispositions or causes of behavior that reliably trigger the behavior. 
B) reflect underlying motives. 
C) are highly unstable across the lifetime. 
D) indicate what type of childhood the person had.

Question 16

Which perspective views personality in terms of how we think about the situations encountered in daily life and how we behave in response to them?

Accepted Answer

A) existential 
B) psychodynamic 
C) humanistic 
D) social-cognitive 
A) existential 
B) psychodynamic 
C) humanistic 
D) social-cognitive

Question 17

Traits resembling _____ have been reliably observed in guppies and octopi.

Accepted Answer

A) extraversion and conscientiousness 
B) agreeableness and neuroticism 
C) neuroticism and openness to experience 
D) extraversion and neuroticism 
A) extraversion and conscientiousness 
B) agreeableness and neuroticism 
C) neuroticism and openness to experience 
D) extraversion and neuroticism

Question 18

The social-cognitive approach examines how _____ interact to cause behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) anxiety and boredom 
B) personality and situation 
C) thoughts and feelings 
D) personality and intelligence 
A) anxiety and boredom 
B) personality and situation 
C) thoughts and feelings 
D) personality and intelligence

Question 19

According to psychodynamic theorists,defense mechanisms are _____ because they _____.

Accepted Answer

A) negative;encourage us to engage ineffectively with the outside world 
B) ineffective;sometimes work and sometimes do not 
C) negative;prevent us from immediately dealing with the truth of situations 
D) useful;help us overcome anxiety 
A) negative;encourage us to engage ineffectively with the outside world 
B) ineffective;sometimes work and sometimes do not 
C) negative;prevent us from immediately dealing with the truth of situations 
D) useful;help us overcome anxiety

Question 20

One scale that assesses the degree of identification with stereotypically masculine and feminine traits is the:

Accepted Answer

A) Gender Self-Report. 
B) Social Role Inventory. 
C) Eysenck Personality Inventory of Gender. 
D) BEM Sex Role Inventory. 
A) Gender Self-Report. 
B) Social Role Inventory. 
C) Eysenck Personality Inventory of Gender. 
D) BEM Sex Role Inventory.

Exam 12: Personality-Part A

Bobby smokes cigarettes and bites his nails.According to Freud,on which psychosexual stage of development is Bobby fixated?

Which commonly used personality test is a well-researched clinical questionnaire designed to assess personality and psychological problems?

What is MOST critical to learning outcome expectancies?

The idea that self-esteem reflects an inner gauge of how much a person feels included by others illustrates a theory of self-esteem based on:

The Big Five Facto Model includes _____ as one the five dimensions of personality.

A 13-year-old learns in her World Cultures class that Bashar al-Assad is an authoritarian.She might NOT expect al-Assad to demonstrate:

Gosling (1998)arranged for human observers to observe a group of spotted hyenas and to assess the personalities of each hyena.He did NOT find evidence of:

Lindsey has high self-esteem and carries herself more confidently than Barb,who has lower self-esteem.Their employees tend to work harder in an effort to impress Lindsey,illustrating a benefit of self-esteem related to:

Roughly _____% of the variability in personality among individuals is due to genetic factors.

Susan loves her new baby brother,but sometimes she secretly wishes she were still the only child in the family.Which defense mechanism would she be using if she snuggled him a little too roughly?

Which occupation is BEST suited for an extravert?

How are outcome expectancies related to goals?

Henry Murray,the creator of the Thematic Apperception Test,believed that traits:

Which perspective views personality in terms of how we think about the situations encountered in daily life and how we behave in response to them?

Traits resembling _____ have been reliably observed in guppies and octopi.

The social-cognitive approach examines how _____ interact to cause behavior.

According to psychodynamic theorists,defense mechanisms are _____ because they _____.

One scale that assesses the degree of identification with stereotypically masculine and feminine traits is the:

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part A

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Language and Thought-Part E

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

Social Psychology-Part A

Social Psychology-Part B

According to psychodynamic theorists,defense mechanisms are _ because they _.