Exam 2: Methods in Psychology-Part C

Matched samples effectively rule out specific third-variable correlations,but matched pairs do not.

The function of an institutional review board is to help ensure that research is in compliance with the law and ethical guidelines.

A correlation coefficient (r)can range from 0 to 100.

The third-variable problem means that the possibility of a third,causal variable is always present in correlational measurements.

Critical thinking involves the relentless search for evidence that confirms existing beliefs.

Double-blind observations are a way of controlling for experimenter bias.

The standard deviation is a measure of central tendency.

Institutional review boards help ensure data are analyzed and disseminated ethically.

The scientific method was first formally described by Francis Bacon.

The variable that is manipulated in an experiment is the independent variable.

A random sample means that every participant has an equal chance of being assigned to the treatment group or the control group.

In a double-blind observation,the researcher but not the participant knows the purpose of the study.

Unobtrusive naturalistic observation helps minimize the problem of demand characteristics.

To conduct a true experiment,a variable must be manipulated by the experimenter.

The function of an institutional review board is to help researchers design experiments high in internal and external validity.

A correlation coefficient of 1 indicates that two variables are causally related.

The matched samples technique attempts to eliminate the third-variable problem by holding it constant for each participant.

Most psychological research does not utilize random sampling.

A normal distribution is symmetrical around its peak.

Empiricists believe that accurate knowledge about the world requires observation of it.