Exam 7: Learning-Part C

Pavlov's dogs,which were conditioned to salivate at the sound of a metronome,also may salivate at the sound of a ticking clock,illustrating spontaneous recovery.

The law of effect states that consequences that produce dopamine release will strengthen the behavior that produced it.

After being conditioned to fear white rats,Albert also was afraid of white rabbits,illustrating the effects of stimulus discrimination.

Skinner defined reinforcers and punishers based on whether or not most people would find them enjoyable.

In a diffusion chain,component behaviors are shaped through approximations until the end behavior is reached.

A taste aversion will not form unless the sickness follows food intake within a few minutes of ingestion.

The effects of learning are usually short-lived.

Dopamine is secreted in the pleasure centers of the brain.

The majority of human behavior is maintained by secondary reinforcement.

In second-order conditioning,a neutral stimulus becomes a CS when it is repeatedly paired with a previously established CS.

Habituation is a type of implicit learning.

The enculturation hypothesis suggests that each species fosters a unique culture that facilitates observational learning within that species.

Variable-ratio schedules of reinforcement produce slightly lower response rates than fixed ratio schedules.

In Pavlov's work with dogs,the conditioned stimulus was the sound of a bell.

According to Skinner,superstitions arise when the response only occasionally causes the occurrence of the reinforcer.

In second-order conditioning,a neutral stimulus becomes a US when it is repeatedly paired with a previously established CS.

Implicit learning occurs outside of conscious awareness.

Wild-raised chimpanzees imitate a human modeling tool use more accurately than do chimpanzees raised by humans.

Through a process called stimulus generalization,Little Albert learned to fear anything that was white and furry.

Rats will choose to electrically stimulate their cerebellum over food or sex.