Exam 7: Learning-Part C

In operant conditioning,occasionally not delivering a reinforcer when the behavior occurs will extinguish that behavior.

B.F.Skinner was diametrically opposed to the consequence-based conceptualization of learning studied by Thorndike.

Pavlov extinguished the conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the bell and not following it with food.

Tolman proposed the three-term contingency.

If connections between the amygdala and hypothalamus are severed,the physiological changes associated with fear conditioning will not occur.

Flashing lights,paired with a speeding ticket may become a primary punisher.

Operant behavior is to a passive response as classically conditioned behavior is to an active response.

Monkeys,but not pigeons,can learn by observation.

Cramming is a form of massed practice.

Acquisition is the phase of classical conditioning in which the initially neutral CS (conditioned stimulus)and US (unconditioned stimulus)are presented together.

In Pavlov's work with dogs,the unconditioned stimulus was salivation.

People vary widely on implicit-learning abilities.

Pavlov's dogs,which were conditioned to salivate at the sound of a tone,also may salivate at the sound of a doorbell,illustrating the process of generalization.

The strategies of highlighting material,rereading it,and summarizing it have been shown to be of moderate utility as a study technique.

The hippocampus is not necessary for implicit learning to occur.

Activity in the hippocampus underlies habituation.

Habituation occurs only in complex organisms.

Making mental images of study material has been shown to be more effective than is distributed practice.

People with amnesia exhibit decrements in implicit learning.

Wild-raised chimpanzees imitate a human modeling tool use less precisely than do 2-year-old humans.