Exam 7: Learning-Part C

John Watson's approach to the study of learning focused on reinforcement and punishment.

The presence of a strong compensatory response as a heroin user injects makes overdose from that injection more likely.

The three-term contingency is defined as a stimulus producing an expectation leading to a response.

Tolman's views on operant conditioning are similar to Watson's views on classical conditioning.

According to Skinner,superstitions arise when reinforcers are not contingent on any particular behavior.

The Little Albert study showed that fear conditioning in humans is quite different from fear conditioning in animals.

Implicit learning is unrelated to IQ.

Both positive and negative reinforcement increase the likelihood of future behavior.

Practice testing has been shown to be an effective study strategy.

In rats,birds,and humans,it is easier to condition an association between a taste and stomach sickness than between a visual stimulus and stomach sickness.

Edward Chace Tolman introduced the term cognitive map.

Learning occurs independently of an individual's experience.

It is believed that one function of mirror neurons is to detect intentionality in another's actions.

Stimuli that help us satisfy biological needs are termed secondary reinforcers.

Tolman's views on operant conditioning are similar to Rescorla and Wagner's views on classical conditioning.

Reinforcement under a fixed-ratio schedule is based on a particular average number of responses.

The development of a conditioned compensatory response contributes to drug tolerance.

Edward Chace Tolman argued that latent learning is a by-product of reinforcement.

Regions in the frontal and temporal lobes are thought to be part of the mirror neuron system in humans.

Biological predispositions may interfere with the ability to learn an operant response.