Question 1

Grammar rules fall into which two categories?

Accepted Answer

A) phonological and morphological 
B) morphological and syntactical 
C) deep structure and surface structure 
D) noun phrases and verb phrases 
A) phonological and morphological 
B) morphological and syntactical 
C) deep structure and surface structure 
D) noun phrases and verb phrases B

Question 2

Research has shown a(n)_____ between gray matter density in the left parietal lobe and proficiency in a second language.

Accepted Answer

A) positive correlation 
B) negative correlation 
C) close to zero correlation due to suspected third variables 
D) inverse correlation due to suspected third variables 
A) positive correlation 
B) negative correlation 
C) close to zero correlation due to suspected third variables 
D) inverse correlation due to suspected third variables A

Question 3

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage.Thad is overheard saying,"The rain came before my feelings.I think the funny TV is cold.But it needs help with the scissors." Thad probably has suffered damage to the _____ cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) right prefrontal 
B) left frontal 
C) left temporal 
D) right temporal 
A) right prefrontal 
B) left frontal 
C) left temporal 
D) right temporal C

Question 4

When deciding between playing a lottery with an 80% chance of winning $4,000 or receiving $3,000 outright,most people choose the _____ because of the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) lottery;preference for variable rewards 
B) lottery;rational choice theory 
C) $3,000;sunk-cost fallacy 
D) $3,000;certainty effect 
A) lottery;preference for variable rewards 
B) lottery;rational choice theory 
C) $3,000;sunk-cost fallacy 
D) $3,000;certainty effect

Question 5

According to _____ psychologists,insights reflect a spontaneous restructuring of a problem.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) Gestalt 
C) psychoanalytic 
D) evolutionary 
A) behavioral 
B) Gestalt 
C) psychoanalytic 
D) evolutionary

Question 6

Early flawed studies on bilingualism indicated that,when compared with monolingual children,bilingual children perFormed more _____ on language processing tasks and/but had _____ IQs.

Accepted Answer

A) slowly;higher 
B) slowly;lower 
C) quickly;higher 
D) quickly;lower 
A) slowly;higher 
B) slowly;lower 
C) quickly;higher 
D) quickly;lower

Question 7

By best estimates,spoken human language emerged _____ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 3,000 
B) 6,000 
C) 1 to 3 million 
D) 3 to 6 million 
A) 3,000 
B) 6,000 
C) 1 to 3 million 
D) 3 to 6 million

Question 8

Early flawed studies on bilingualism indicated that it:

Accepted Answer

A) slowed cognitive development. 
B) had no effect on cognitive development. 
C) produced measurable enhancements in IQ scores,although these increases have since been shown to be unreliable. 
D) enhanced cognitive development but had deleterious effects on mastery of the first language. 
A) slowed cognitive development. 
B) had no effect on cognitive development. 
C) produced measurable enhancements in IQ scores,although these increases have since been shown to be unreliable. 
D) enhanced cognitive development but had deleterious effects on mastery of the first language.

Question 9

Between the ages of 1 and 5 years,the average child learns about _____ new words every day.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 or 2 
B) 3 or 4 
C) 6 or 7 
D) 10 or 12 
A) 1 or 2 
B) 3 or 4 
C) 6 or 7 
D) 10 or 12

Question 10

Recent research conducted at the University of Georgia found that bilingual students scored higher than did their monolingual peers on:

Accepted Answer

A) general intelligence (IQ)tests. 
B) the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) 
C) reading comprehension tests in the first grade. 
D) the personality domain of conscientiousness. 
A) general intelligence (IQ)tests. 
B) the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) 
C) reading comprehension tests in the first grade. 
D) the personality domain of conscientiousness.

Question 11

In the moments before a problem is solved by insight,there is increased activity deep in the frontal lobes,in the part of the brain known as the:

Accepted Answer

A) ventral tegmentum area. 
B) anterior cingulate. 
C) reticular Formation. 
D) nucleus accumbens. 
A) ventral tegmentum area. 
B) anterior cingulate. 
C) reticular Formation. 
D) nucleus accumbens.

Question 12

Most people can easily recall what a Chihuahua looks like.This ability is BEST predicted by:

Accepted Answer

A) categorization based on necessary and sufficient logical statements. 
B) family resemblance theory. 
C) prototype theory. 
D) exemplar theory. 
A) categorization based on necessary and sufficient logical statements. 
B) family resemblance theory. 
C) prototype theory. 
D) exemplar theory.

Question 13

Which group of people cannot distinguish between the sounds of "la" and "ra?"

Accepted Answer

A) Japanese adults only 
B) Japanese infants and Japanese adults 
C) Japanese infants only 
D) Japanese infants,American infants,and Japanese adults 
A) Japanese adults only 
B) Japanese infants and Japanese adults 
C) Japanese infants only 
D) Japanese infants,American infants,and Japanese adults

Question 14

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the behaviorist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Accepted Answer

A) believes that humans have an innate ability to acquire language. 
B) believes that environmental factors affect language development. 
C) does not believe in the existence of a language acquisition device. 
D) places a heavier emphasis on the role of social interactions in language development. 
A) believes that humans have an innate ability to acquire language. 
B) believes that environmental factors affect language development. 
C) does not believe in the existence of a language acquisition device. 
D) places a heavier emphasis on the role of social interactions in language development.

Question 15

Items that are more accessible in memory are judged as having occurred more frequently.This phenomenon is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) hindsight bias. 
B) frequency effect. 
C) availability bias. 
D) conjunctive fallacy. 
A) hindsight bias. 
B) frequency effect. 
C) availability bias. 
D) conjunctive fallacy.

Question 16

Which statement about the babbling of deaf babies is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Deaf babies babble sounds they have never heard. 
B) Deaf babies babble sounds in the same order as that of hearing babies. 
C) Deaf babies babble earlier relative to the babbling of hearing babies. 
D) Deaf babies babble less relative to the babbling of hearing babies. 
A) Deaf babies babble sounds they have never heard. 
B) Deaf babies babble sounds in the same order as that of hearing babies. 
C) Deaf babies babble earlier relative to the babbling of hearing babies. 
D) Deaf babies babble less relative to the babbling of hearing babies.

Question 17

_____ trained a chimpanzee named Washoe to talk using _____.

Accepted Answer

A) B.F.Skinner;shaping through approximations 
B) Allen and Beatrix Gardner;American Sign Language 
C) Marian and Keller Breland;American Sign Language 
D) Sue Savage-Rumbaugh;picture boards 
A) B.F.Skinner;shaping through approximations 
B) Allen and Beatrix Gardner;American Sign Language 
C) Marian and Keller Breland;American Sign Language 
D) Sue Savage-Rumbaugh;picture boards

Question 18

Lauren has just begun to use two-word phrases,such as "give doll" and "throw ball." Lauren is probably about _____ months old.

Accepted Answer

A) 12 to 18 
B) 18 to 24 
C) 24 to 36 
D) 36 to 60 
A) 12 to 18 
B) 18 to 24 
C) 24 to 36 
D) 36 to 60

Question 19

Individuals with prefrontal cortex damage engaged in a risky gambling task will show emotional arousal:

Accepted Answer

A) prior to a risky play. 
B) after experiencing a win but not a loss. 
C) after experiencing a loss but not a win. 
D) to both wins and losses. 
A) prior to a risky play. 
B) after experiencing a win but not a loss. 
C) after experiencing a loss but not a win. 
D) to both wins and losses.

Question 20

A sufficient condition for being a United States citizen is:

Accepted Answer

A) knowledge of the Constitution. 
B) pledging allegiance to the United States. 
C) paying taxes in the United States. 
D) being born in the United States. 
A) knowledge of the Constitution. 
B) pledging allegiance to the United States. 
C) paying taxes in the United States. 
D) being born in the United States.

Exam 9: Language and Thought-Part A

Grammar rules fall into which two categories?

Research has shown a(n)_____ between gray matter density in the left parietal lobe and proficiency in a second language.

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage.Thad is overheard saying,"The rain came before my feelings.I think the funny TV is cold.But it needs help with the scissors." Thad probably has suffered damage to the _____ cortex.

When deciding between playing a lottery with an 80% chance of winning $4,000 or receiving $3,000 outright,most people choose the _____ because of the _____.

According to _____ psychologists,insights reflect a spontaneous restructuring of a problem.

Early flawed studies on bilingualism indicated that,when compared with monolingual children,bilingual children perFormed more _____ on language processing tasks and/but had _____ IQs.

By best estimates,spoken human language emerged _____ years ago.

Early flawed studies on bilingualism indicated that it:

Between the ages of 1 and 5 years,the average child learns about _____ new words every day.

Recent research conducted at the University of Georgia found that bilingual students scored higher than did their monolingual peers on:

In the moments before a problem is solved by insight,there is increased activity deep in the frontal lobes,in the part of the brain known as the:

Most people can easily recall what a Chihuahua looks like.This ability is BEST predicted by:

Which group of people cannot distinguish between the sounds of "la" and "ra?"

The interactionist approach to language development differs from the behaviorist approach in that the interactionist approach:

Items that are more accessible in memory are judged as having occurred more frequently.This phenomenon is called the:

Which statement about the babbling of deaf babies is FALSE?

_____ trained a chimpanzee named Washoe to talk using _____.

Lauren has just begun to use two-word phrases,such as "give doll" and "throw ball." Lauren is probably about _____ months old.

Individuals with prefrontal cortex damage engaged in a risky gambling task will show emotional arousal:

A sufficient condition for being a United States citizen is:

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Language and Thought-Part E

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part A

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

When deciding between playing a lottery with an 80% chance of winning $4,000 or receiving $3,000 outright,most people choose the _ because of the _.

Early flawed studies on bilingualism indicated that,when compared with monolingual children,bilingual children perFormed more _ on language processing tasks and/but had _ IQs.

_ trained a chimpanzee named Washoe to talk using _.