Question 1

A sudden flash of insight contrasts mostly with _____ problem-solving approaches in which one gets closer and closer to the end goal.

Accepted Answer

A) base-rate 
B) conjunctive 
C) incremental 
D) representative 
A) base-rate 
B) conjunctive 
C) incremental 
D) representative

Question 2

Which scenario will NOT increase the effectiveness of analogical problem?

Accepted Answer

A) The analogical problem has a known solution. 
B) The analogical problem differs greatly in superficial similarity from the original problem. 
C) More than one analogous problem is available for use in solving the original problem. 
D) A deliberate hint is provided to use the solution to the analogous problem in solving the original problem. 
A) The analogical problem has a known solution. 
B) The analogical problem differs greatly in superficial similarity from the original problem. 
C) More than one analogous problem is available for use in solving the original problem. 
D) A deliberate hint is provided to use the solution to the analogous problem in solving the original problem.

Question 3

The linguistic relativity hypothesis was first proposed by:

Accepted Answer

A) Benjamin Whorf. 
B) B.F.Skinner. 
C) Noam Chomsky. 
D) Bernard Weiner. 
A) Benjamin Whorf. 
B) B.F.Skinner. 
C) Noam Chomsky. 
D) Bernard Weiner.

Question 4

Which statement does NOT distinguish human language from the signaling systems of other species?

Accepted Answer

A) Humans can use language to transmit inFormation to others,whereas animals cannot. 
B) Human language has a far more complex structure than other signaling systems. 
C) Humans,but not other species,can reference intangible items such as concepts. 
D) Human language can be used to describe or categorize things to the thinker using the language. 
A) Humans can use language to transmit inFormation to others,whereas animals cannot. 
B) Human language has a far more complex structure than other signaling systems. 
C) Humans,but not other species,can reference intangible items such as concepts. 
D) Human language can be used to describe or categorize things to the thinker using the language.

Question 5

Which statement about a child's mastery of language is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Passive mastery develops faster than active mastery. 
B) Active mastery develops faster than passive mastery. 
C) Passive and active mastery develop at the same rate. 
D) Passive mastery develops faster in some cultures,whereas active mastery develops faster in others. 
A) Passive mastery develops faster than active mastery. 
B) Active mastery develops faster than passive mastery. 
C) Passive and active mastery develop at the same rate. 
D) Passive mastery develops faster in some cultures,whereas active mastery develops faster in others.

Question 6

When presented with a problem,after analyzing the final goal state,the SECOND step in means-ends analysis is to:

Accepted Answer

A) create a list of goals. 
B) analyze the current state. 
C) break the problem into smaller parts. 
D) resolve differences between the current state and the final goal state. 
A) create a list of goals. 
B) analyze the current state. 
C) break the problem into smaller parts. 
D) resolve differences between the current state and the final goal state.

Question 7

Which problem is ill defined?

Accepted Answer

A) the next move in a game of chess 
B) an algebraic problem 
C) how to be a better person 
D) how to put together a new toy using the six-page instructional guide 
A) the next move in a game of chess 
B) an algebraic problem 
C) how to be a better person 
D) how to put together a new toy using the six-page instructional guide

Question 8

Damage to Wernicke's area results in:

Accepted Answer

A) failure to produce grammatical speech. 
B) great difficulty in understanding language. 
C) genetic dysphasia. 
D) great difficulty in identifying non-language sounds. 
A) failure to produce grammatical speech. 
B) great difficulty in understanding language. 
C) genetic dysphasia. 
D) great difficulty in identifying non-language sounds.

Question 9

Efforts to teach apes human language often focus on:

Accepted Answer

A) providing them with models of other species who have been taught language. 
B) training them to produce human speech sounds. 
C) careful observation of the apes' own speech systems. 
D) teaching them American Sign Language (ASL). 
A) providing them with models of other species who have been taught language. 
B) training them to produce human speech sounds. 
C) careful observation of the apes' own speech systems. 
D) teaching them American Sign Language (ASL).

Question 10

About how many ASL signs did Washoe learn?

Accepted Answer

A) 90 
B) 160 
C) 480 
D) 900 
A) 90 
B) 160 
C) 480 
D) 900

Question 11

Human infants begin babbling between the ages of _____ months.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 
B) 2 and 4 
C) 3 and 5 
D) 4 and 6 
A) 1 and 3 
B) 2 and 4 
C) 3 and 5 
D) 4 and 6

Question 12

The _____ involves making a probability judgment by comparing an object or event with a prototype of the object or event.

Accepted Answer

A) conjunction fallacy 
B) familiar resemblance theory 
C) availability heuristic 
D) representative heuristic 
A) conjunction fallacy 
B) familiar resemblance theory 
C) availability heuristic 
D) representative heuristic

Question 13

During concept Formation,the right hemisphere of the prefrontal cortex is involved in:

Accepted Answer

A) visual processing. 
B) Forming prototypes. 
C) Forming exemplars. 
D) holistic concept Formation. 
A) visual processing. 
B) Forming prototypes. 
C) Forming exemplars. 
D) holistic concept Formation.

Question 14

Which statement about the limitations of language learning in apes is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Apes' vocabularies are quite small compared with those of even toddlers. 
B) Apes can master words for concrete objects but have difficulty with abstract concepts. 
C) Apes can exhibit an active mastery of a few hundred words but fail to exhibit a passive mastery of them. 
D) Ape communication is usually telegraphic;it rarely consists of grammatically correct complex sentences. 
A) Apes' vocabularies are quite small compared with those of even toddlers. 
B) Apes can master words for concrete objects but have difficulty with abstract concepts. 
C) Apes can exhibit an active mastery of a few hundred words but fail to exhibit a passive mastery of them. 
D) Ape communication is usually telegraphic;it rarely consists of grammatically correct complex sentences.

Question 15

Tammy names her baby Evan because she really loves the name.A year later,Tammy comes home upset after picking Evan up from day care.When her husband inquires as to the problem,Tammy responds that there is another child at the day care named Evan.The husband doesn't really see the problem,but Tammy elaborates that they might as well have named their baby Joe Smith because Evan is such a common name.Her husband does a quick Internet search and convinces Tammy that Evan isn't even in the 20 most popular baby names for boys.Tammy appears to be the victim of the:

Accepted Answer

A) hindsight bias. 
B) conjunctive fallacy. 
C) representative heuristic. 
D) availability bias. 
A) hindsight bias. 
B) conjunctive fallacy. 
C) representative heuristic. 
D) availability bias.

Question 16

Thad suffered a stroke that resulted in brain damage.Thad is overheard saying,"The rain came before my feelings.I think the funny TV is cold.But it needs help with the scissors." In addition,Thad has an extremely difficult time understanding others when they talk to him.Thad's symptoms are consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's aphasia. 
B) Wernicke's aphasia. 
C) genetic dysphasia. 
D) a conjunction fallacy. 
A) Broca's aphasia. 
B) Wernicke's aphasia. 
C) genetic dysphasia. 
D) a conjunction fallacy.

Question 17

Sophie suffered a stroke that damaged the region where the temporal lobe meets the occipital and parietal lobes.Which task will Sophie find difficult?

Accepted Answer

A) recognizing human faces 
B) correctly identifying an object as a giraffe when shown a picture of one 
C) remembering the names of her cousins 
D) recalling the name of a hammer in a toolbox 
A) recognizing human faces 
B) correctly identifying an object as a giraffe when shown a picture of one 
C) remembering the names of her cousins 
D) recalling the name of a hammer in a toolbox

Question 18

Deaf infants whose parents use American Sign Language (ASL)begin to babble with their hands:

Accepted Answer

A) later than do infants who are not deaf,and these hand motions are random in nature. 
B) around the same time as infants who are not deaf;however,these hand motions are random in nature. 
C) later than do infants who are not deaf;however,these hand motions do resemble syllables of ASL. 
D) around the same time as infants who are not deaf,and these hand motions resemble syllables of ASL. 
A) later than do infants who are not deaf,and these hand motions are random in nature. 
B) around the same time as infants who are not deaf;however,these hand motions are random in nature. 
C) later than do infants who are not deaf;however,these hand motions do resemble syllables of ASL. 
D) around the same time as infants who are not deaf,and these hand motions resemble syllables of ASL.

Question 19

A syllogism is a Form of reasoning in which:

Accepted Answer

A) persuasive arguments sway a listener into believing a set of claims. 
B) speculation takes precedence over facts. 
C) a conclusion follows from two statements that are true. 
D) a conclusion is implied but not directly stated. 
A) persuasive arguments sway a listener into believing a set of claims. 
B) speculation takes precedence over facts. 
C) a conclusion follows from two statements that are true. 
D) a conclusion is implied but not directly stated.

Question 20

The interactionist approach to language development focuses on the interplay between:

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement and social learning. 
B) social interactions and learning. 
C) biology and experience. 
D) biology and the language acquisition device. 
A) reinforcement and social learning. 
B) social interactions and learning. 
C) biology and experience. 
D) biology and the language acquisition device.

Exam 9: Language and Thought-Part A

A sudden flash of insight contrasts mostly with _____ problem-solving approaches in which one gets closer and closer to the end goal.

Which scenario will NOT increase the effectiveness of analogical problem?

The linguistic relativity hypothesis was first proposed by:

Which statement does NOT distinguish human language from the signaling systems of other species?

Which statement about a child's mastery of language is TRUE?

When presented with a problem,after analyzing the final goal state,the SECOND step in means-ends analysis is to:

Which problem is ill defined?

Damage to Wernicke's area results in:

Efforts to teach apes human language often focus on:

About how many ASL signs did Washoe learn?

Human infants begin babbling between the ages of _____ months.

The _____ involves making a probability judgment by comparing an object or event with a prototype of the object or event.

During concept Formation,the right hemisphere of the prefrontal cortex is involved in:

Which statement about the limitations of language learning in apes is NOT true?

Sophie suffered a stroke that damaged the region where the temporal lobe meets the occipital and parietal lobes.Which task will Sophie find difficult?

Deaf infants whose parents use American Sign Language (ASL)begin to babble with their hands:

A syllogism is a Form of reasoning in which:

The interactionist approach to language development focuses on the interplay between:

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Language and Thought-Part E

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part A

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

Social Psychology-Part A

Social Psychology-Part B