Question 1

A-delta fibers __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  allow rapid transmission of information regarding pain 
B)  are unmyelinated 
C)  allow rapid transmission of information regarding location in space 
D)  are slower to allow sufficient processing of incoming pain stimuli 
A)  allow rapid transmission of information regarding pain 
B)  are unmyelinated 
C)  allow rapid transmission of information regarding location in space 
D)  are slower to allow sufficient processing of incoming pain stimuli

Question 2

Jack and Truman are participants in an experiment. They sit before a computer screen that flashes words, each of which is exposed for different amounts of time. Their task is to say when they see a real word and to tell what that word was. Let's say Jack reports seeing the word "SEX" on the third trial, whereas Truman does not see "SEX" until the tenth trial. What does this finding reveal about Jack and Truman?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may differ in their perceptual sensitivity. 
B)  They may differ in their decision criteria. 
C)  Jack sees more "false alarms" than does Truman. 
D)  Both a and b are correct answers. 
A)  They may differ in their perceptual sensitivity. 
B)  They may differ in their decision criteria. 
C)  Jack sees more "false alarms" than does Truman. 
D)  Both a and b are correct answers.

Question 3

Where are the papillae located?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the muscles, tendons, and joints 
B)  in the taste buds 
C)  on the tongue 
D)  in the inner ear 
A)  in the muscles, tendons, and joints 
B)  in the taste buds 
C)  on the tongue 
D)  in the inner ear

Question 4

Two sound waves are generated. The second has larger amplitude than the first, but a lower frequency. How will the second sound differ from the first?

Accepted Answer

A)  The second sound will be perceived as louder and lower pitched than the first. 
B)  The second sound will be perceived as louder and higher pitched than the first. 
C)  The second sound will be perceived as softer and lower pitched than the first. 
D)  The second sound will be perceived as softer and higher pitched than the first. 
A)  The second sound will be perceived as louder and lower pitched than the first. 
B)  The second sound will be perceived as louder and higher pitched than the first. 
C)  The second sound will be perceived as softer and lower pitched than the first. 
D)  The second sound will be perceived as softer and higher pitched than the first.

Question 5

Why are sweet tastes more preferred by humans and other animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many nutritive substances contain sugar; this appears to be a genetic predisposition to assist in survival. 
B)  Humans and animals like to be rewarded, and sugar is highly rewarding. 
C)  We are conditioned early in life to like sweets in a process called conditioned taste learning. 
D)  We associate sweet tastes with pleasant things like hugs and kisses, and thus develop a preference for sweet tastes. 
A)  Many nutritive substances contain sugar; this appears to be a genetic predisposition to assist in survival. 
B)  Humans and animals like to be rewarded, and sugar is highly rewarding. 
C)  We are conditioned early in life to like sweets in a process called conditioned taste learning. 
D)  We associate sweet tastes with pleasant things like hugs and kisses, and thus develop a preference for sweet tastes.

Question 6

When light strikes the rods, it begins a chemical breakdown of a visual pigment. What is this visual pigment called?

Accepted Answer

A)  the bromide molecule 
B)  rhodopsin 
C)  achromaton 
D)  photodopsin 
A)  the bromide molecule 
B)  rhodopsin 
C)  achromaton 
D)  photodopsin

Question 7

In the equation S = k log I, the k refers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the psychological magnitude or subjective magnitude of a stimulus 
B)  the physical intensity of the stimulus 
C)  the constant whose value depends on the value of the Weber fraction 
D)  none of the above 
A)  the psychological magnitude or subjective magnitude of a stimulus 
B)  the physical intensity of the stimulus 
C)  the constant whose value depends on the value of the Weber fraction 
D)  none of the above

Question 8

Two sound waves are equal in amplitude but differ in frequency. How will the two sounds produced by these waves differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  in loudness 
B)  in decibel level 
C)  in pitch 
D)  in complexity 
A)  in loudness 
B)  in decibel level 
C)  in pitch 
D)  in complexity

Question 9

What is the function of the auditory ossicles?

Accepted Answer

A)  to stabilize the oval window 
B)  to transmit a vibratory pattern to the oval window 
C)  to cause vibrations in the eardrum 
D)  to stabilize vibrations in the eardrum 
A)  to stabilize the oval window 
B)  to transmit a vibratory pattern to the oval window 
C)  to cause vibrations in the eardrum 
D)  to stabilize vibrations in the eardrum

Question 10

A tonotopic map is a map that is organized __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  by specific pitches 
B)  with regard to tone 
C)  by geographic location of the papillae 
D)  by geographic location of cells along the basilar membrane 
A)  by specific pitches 
B)  with regard to tone 
C)  by geographic location of the papillae 
D)  by geographic location of cells along the basilar membrane

Question 11

What is a major advantage of signal-detection methods over traditional ways of measuring thresholds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to distinguish between sensitivity effects and tendencies to respond too conservatively or too liberally. 
B)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to separate hits and misses from correct negatives and false alarms. 
C)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to introduce occasional "catch" trials to eliminate response biases. 
D)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to multiply the effects of sensitivity by the magnitude of the response bias. 
A)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to distinguish between sensitivity effects and tendencies to respond too conservatively or too liberally. 
B)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to separate hits and misses from correct negatives and false alarms. 
C)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to introduce occasional "catch" trials to eliminate response biases. 
D)  Signal-detection methods allow the investigator to multiply the effects of sensitivity by the magnitude of the response bias.

Question 12

__________ cells are receptors for visual sensations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ganglion 
B)  Bipolar 
C)  Cones 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Ganglion 
B)  Bipolar 
C)  Cones 
D)  All of the above

Question 13

The substances that are chemically quite similar to morphine or codeine and that appear to interfere with the neurotransmission involved in pain are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nocioceptive receptors 
B)  endorphins 
C)  opiates 
D)  c-fibers 
A)  nocioceptive receptors 
B)  endorphins 
C)  opiates 
D)  c-fibers

Question 14

What does the Young-Helmholtz theory propose?

Accepted Answer

A)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of three primary color experiences: red, blue, and green. 
B)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of four primary color experiences: red, blue, green, and black. 
C)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of five primary color experiences: red, blue, green, black, and white. 
D)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of five primary color experiences: red, blue, yellow, black, and white. 
A)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of three primary color experiences: red, blue, and green. 
B)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of four primary color experiences: red, blue, green, and black. 
C)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of five primary color experiences: red, blue, green, black, and white. 
D)  All the colors that humans perceive are made up of five primary color experiences: red, blue, yellow, black, and white.

Question 15

You are taking a hot bath, and you can just detect the difference between a water temperature of 100 and 102 degrees. This would indicate, according to the German physiologist E. H. Weber, that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  we are sensitive to changes on the order of 2 degrees 
B)  we are sensitive to proportional differences, in this instance, of 2% 
C)  we are geared to notice absolute differences, not percentage differences 
D)  our response criteria are not unreasonably high 
A)  we are sensitive to changes on the order of 2 degrees 
B)  we are sensitive to proportional differences, in this instance, of 2% 
C)  we are geared to notice absolute differences, not percentage differences 
D)  our response criteria are not unreasonably high

Question 16

What relationship is studied in psychophysics?

Accepted Answer

A)  the relationship between physical stimuli and sensory experiences 
B)  the relationship between physical stimuli and neural events 
C)  the relationship between proximal stimuli and perceptual interpretation 
D)  the relationship between the proximal stimuli and distal stimuli 
A)  the relationship between physical stimuli and sensory experiences 
B)  the relationship between physical stimuli and neural events 
C)  the relationship between proximal stimuli and perceptual interpretation 
D)  the relationship between the proximal stimuli and distal stimuli

Question 17

Specificity theory proposes that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  different sensory qualities are signaled by different neurons 
B)  each sensory quality is signaled by all neurons for that sense modality 
C)  each individual sensory quality is signaled by a single neuron 
D)  all of the above 
A)  different sensory qualities are signaled by different neurons 
B)  each sensory quality is signaled by all neurons for that sense modality 
C)  each individual sensory quality is signaled by a single neuron 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is true about color receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Any wavelength will stimulate all four types of color receptors but will do so unequally. 
B)  Any wavelength will stimulate all three types of color receptors but will do so unequally. 
C)  Any wavelength will stimulate only one or two of the four types of color receptors. 
D)  Any wavelength will stimulate only one or two of the three types of color receptors. 
A)  Any wavelength will stimulate all four types of color receptors but will do so unequally. 
B)  Any wavelength will stimulate all three types of color receptors but will do so unequally. 
C)  Any wavelength will stimulate only one or two of the four types of color receptors. 
D)  Any wavelength will stimulate only one or two of the three types of color receptors.

Question 19

The best conclusion regarding pheromones and human sexual attraction is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pheromones are necessary for human mating 
B)  pheromones are likely to signal sexual receptiveness in humans 
C)  pheromones are not important in human mating behavior 
D)  the data are, at this time, inconclusive regarding the role of pheromones and human mating 
A)  pheromones are necessary for human mating 
B)  pheromones are likely to signal sexual receptiveness in humans 
C)  pheromones are not important in human mating behavior 
D)  the data are, at this time, inconclusive regarding the role of pheromones and human mating

Question 20

To what does the absolute threshold refer?

Accepted Answer

A)  the concept of individual differences 
B)  the maximum amount of energy required to reliably perceive a change in the original stimulus 
C)  the minimum amount of energy required to reliably perceive a change in the original stimulus 
D)  the minimum amount of energy required for detection of a stimulus 
A)  the concept of individual differences 
B)  the maximum amount of energy required to reliably perceive a change in the original stimulus 
C)  the minimum amount of energy required to reliably perceive a change in the original stimulus 
D)  the minimum amount of energy required for detection of a stimulus

A-delta fibers __________.

Where are the papillae located?

Two sound waves are generated. The second has larger amplitude than the first, but a lower frequency. How will the second sound differ from the first?

Why are sweet tastes more preferred by humans and other animals?

When light strikes the rods, it begins a chemical breakdown of a visual pigment. What is this visual pigment called?

In the equation S = k log I, the k refers to __________.

Two sound waves are equal in amplitude but differ in frequency. How will the two sounds produced by these waves differ?

What is the function of the auditory ossicles?

A tonotopic map is a map that is organized __________.

What is a major advantage of signal-detection methods over traditional ways of measuring thresholds?

__________ cells are receptors for visual sensations.

The substances that are chemically quite similar to morphine or codeine and that appear to interfere with the neurotransmission involved in pain are called __________.

What does the Young-Helmholtz theory propose?

You are taking a hot bath, and you can just detect the difference between a water temperature of 100 and 102 degrees. This would indicate, according to the German physiologist E. H. Weber, that __________.

What relationship is studied in psychophysics?

Specificity theory proposes that __________.

Which of the following is true about color receptors?

The best conclusion regarding pheromones and human sexual attraction is that __________.

To what does the absolute threshold refer?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

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Learning

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Thinking

Language

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Motivation and Emotion

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Treatment of Mental Disorders

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Exam 4: Sensation

A-delta fibers __________.

Where are the papillae located?

Two sound waves are generated. The second has larger amplitude than the first, but a lower frequency. How will the second sound differ from the first?

Why are sweet tastes more preferred by humans and other animals?

When light strikes the rods, it begins a chemical breakdown of a visual pigment. What is this visual pigment called?

In the equation S = k log I, the k refers to __________.

Two sound waves are equal in amplitude but differ in frequency. How will the two sounds produced by these waves differ?

What is the function of the auditory ossicles?

A tonotopic map is a map that is organized __________.

What is a major advantage of signal-detection methods over traditional ways of measuring thresholds?

__________ cells are receptors for visual sensations.

The substances that are chemically quite similar to morphine or codeine and that appear to interfere with the neurotransmission involved in pain are called __________.

What does the Young-Helmholtz theory propose?

You are taking a hot bath, and you can just detect the difference between a water temperature of 100 and 102 degrees. This would indicate, according to the German physiologist E. H. Weber, that __________.

What relationship is studied in psychophysics?

Specificity theory proposes that __________.

Which of the following is true about color receptors?

The best conclusion regarding pheromones and human sexual attraction is that __________.

To what does the absolute threshold refer?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters