Question 1

Which of the following is a fundamental tenet of early British empiricism?

Accepted Answer

A)  All knowledge is acquired through the senses. 
B)  Some individuals enter life with a tabula rasa; others do not. 
C)  Some basic categories of human knowledge, such as time, space, and causality, are present at birth. 
D)  Certain skills, such as the ability to interpret sensory experience, are innate. 
A)  All knowledge is acquired through the senses. 
B)  Some individuals enter life with a tabula rasa; others do not. 
C)  Some basic categories of human knowledge, such as time, space, and causality, are present at birth. 
D)  Certain skills, such as the ability to interpret sensory experience, are innate.

Question 2

Kinesthetic receptors provide information about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  movements of the head 
B)  the position of the body in space 
C)  the sensation of pressure 
D)  the sensation of taste 
A)  movements of the head 
B)  the position of the body in space 
C)  the sensation of pressure 
D)  the sensation of taste

Question 3

Which of the following senses is probably the best example of specificity coding?

Accepted Answer

A)  the eye and visual sensations 
B)  the ear and auditory sensations 
C)  the skin senses 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the eye and visual sensations 
B)  the ear and auditory sensations 
C)  the skin senses 
D)  all of the above

Question 4

Which of our senses is(are) a human's most dominant sense(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  vision 
B)  audition 
C)  olfaction 
D)  both a and b 
A)  vision 
B)  audition 
C)  olfaction 
D)  both a and b

Question 5

What functionally adaptive mechanism would you expect to find in an animal that lives in a cave and is exposed to low-intensity light only?

Accepted Answer

A)  a large number of rods 
B)  very good color vision 
C)  very good visual acuity 
D)  both a and c 
A)  a large number of rods 
B)  very good color vision 
C)  very good visual acuity 
D)  both a and c

Question 6

According to an effect called "brightness contrast," if you want to make one gray patch look brighter than an identical gray patch, then you should place it on

Accepted Answer

A)  a white background 
B)  a black background 
C)  a slightly gray background 
D)  a color background 
A)  a white background 
B)  a black background 
C)  a slightly gray background 
D)  a color background

Question 7

In which area are movements of the eardrum transduced into patterns of neural activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the pinna 
B)  in the cochlea 
C)  in the ossicles 
D)  in the middle ear 
A)  in the pinna 
B)  in the cochlea 
C)  in the ossicles 
D)  in the middle ear

Question 8

What does it mean if Weber's fraction is smaller for vision than for hearing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vision is more sensitive than hearing. 
B)  Hearing is more sensitive than vision. 
C)  Vision is more functionally important than hearing. 
D)  Hearing is more functionally important than vision. 
A)  Vision is more sensitive than hearing. 
B)  Hearing is more sensitive than vision. 
C)  Vision is more functionally important than hearing. 
D)  Hearing is more functionally important than vision.

Question 9

To what stimuli will the neurons in the visual cortex of a normal cat probably respond best?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffused lighting of the entire visual field 
B)  small circular spots of light on specific areas of the retina 
C)  complex learned shapes like the outline of another cat 
D)  borders and lines at specific orientations 
A)  diffused lighting of the entire visual field 
B)  small circular spots of light on specific areas of the retina 
C)  complex learned shapes like the outline of another cat 
D)  borders and lines at specific orientations

Question 10

According to opponent-process theory, what color(s) would you see if both your red-green and yellow-blue systems were in perfect balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  a mix of washed-out colors 
B)  chromatic color 
C)  vivid colors 
D)  achromatic color 
A)  a mix of washed-out colors 
B)  chromatic color 
C)  vivid colors 
D)  achromatic color

Question 11

What function is served by hair cells in the ear?

Accepted Answer

A)  When they move, they cause the eardrum to vibrate. 
B)  They protect the delicate membrane in the inner ear. 
C)  They serve as the auditory receptors. 
D)  They collect sound waves from the air and direct them to the eardrum. 
A)  When they move, they cause the eardrum to vibrate. 
B)  They protect the delicate membrane in the inner ear. 
C)  They serve as the auditory receptors. 
D)  They collect sound waves from the air and direct them to the eardrum.

Question 12

On a particular trial in a detection experiment, no stimulus is presented, but the participant reports having perceived one. What is this called?

Accepted Answer

A)  hit 
B)  miss 
C)  false alarm 
D)  correct negative 
A)  hit 
B)  miss 
C)  false alarm 
D)  correct negative

Question 13

Sounds in the environment enter the ear and cause a membrane in the inner ear to vibrate. In the case of audition, what does vibration of the inner ear membrane represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  the proximal stimulus 
B)  the distal stimulus 
C)  a measure of adaptation 
D)  a neural basis for the tabula rasa 
A)  the proximal stimulus 
B)  the distal stimulus 
C)  a measure of adaptation 
D)  a neural basis for the tabula rasa

Question 14

What do we mean when we say a color is highly saturated?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is one of the four unique hues. 
B)  It is mixed with a lot of gray. 
C)  It can be described as a point in the color solid. 
D)  It is more chromatic than it is achromatic. 
A)  It is one of the four unique hues. 
B)  It is mixed with a lot of gray. 
C)  It can be described as a point in the color solid. 
D)  It is more chromatic than it is achromatic.

Question 15

On Friday at 1 p.m., Ira sees Willow's new gray car for the first time. It is parked against a black wall. On Saturday at 1 p.m., Ira sees Willow's new car again, except this time it is parked against a white backdrop. Ira comments to Willow that the car seemed to be much brighter the last time he saw it, on Friday afternoon. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  brightness contrast 
B)  adaptation 
C)  temporal interaction 
D)  lightness constancy 
A)  brightness contrast 
B)  adaptation 
C)  temporal interaction 
D)  lightness constancy

Question 16

The most common type of color blindness is the inability to distinguish __________ from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  blue; yellow 
B)  red; yellow 
C)  red; green 
D)  red; blue 
A)  blue; yellow 
B)  red; yellow 
C)  red; green 
D)  red; blue

Question 17

We smell a rotten egg only because the hydrogen sulfide molecules in the air flow over the sensory cells in our nasal cavities. In this example, what is the distal stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  our nasal cavities 
B)  the air 
C)  the rotten egg 
D)  the hydrogen sulfide 
A)  our nasal cavities 
B)  the air 
C)  the rotten egg 
D)  the hydrogen sulfide

Question 18

The nativist philosopher Immanuel Kant argued that human knowledge derives from sensory experience, as well as preexisting categories for interpreting sensations. Which of the following is not one of these perceptual categorizations mentioned by the textbook authors?

Accepted Answer

A)  causality 
B)  identity 
C)  space 
D)  time 
A)  causality 
B)  identity 
C)  space 
D)  time

Question 19

Research examining individuals who are supertasters suggests that this ability is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned 
B)  genetic 
C)  acquired 
D)  initially a genetic ability, but then becomes more learned 
A)  learned 
B)  genetic 
C)  acquired 
D)  initially a genetic ability, but then becomes more learned

Question 20

What is the meaning of the phrase "tabula rasa"?

Accepted Answer

A)  blank slate 
B)  I think, therefore I am. 
C)  To do is to be. 
D)  Existence precedes essence. 
A)  blank slate 
B)  I think, therefore I am. 
C)  To do is to be. 
D)  Existence precedes essence.

Which of the following is a fundamental tenet of early British empiricism?

Kinesthetic receptors provide information about which of the following?

Which of the following senses is probably the best example of specificity coding?

Which of our senses is(are) a human's most dominant sense(s)?

What functionally adaptive mechanism would you expect to find in an animal that lives in a cave and is exposed to low-intensity light only?

According to an effect called "brightness contrast," if you want to make one gray patch look brighter than an identical gray patch, then you should place it on

In which area are movements of the eardrum transduced into patterns of neural activity?

What does it mean if Weber's fraction is smaller for vision than for hearing?

To what stimuli will the neurons in the visual cortex of a normal cat probably respond best?

According to opponent-process theory, what color(s) would you see if both your red-green and yellow-blue systems were in perfect balance?

What function is served by hair cells in the ear?

On a particular trial in a detection experiment, no stimulus is presented, but the participant reports having perceived one. What is this called?

Sounds in the environment enter the ear and cause a membrane in the inner ear to vibrate. In the case of audition, what does vibration of the inner ear membrane represent?

What do we mean when we say a color is highly saturated?

The most common type of color blindness is the inability to distinguish from .

We smell a rotten egg only because the hydrogen sulfide molecules in the air flow over the sensory cells in our nasal cavities. In this example, what is the distal stimulus?

The nativist philosopher Immanuel Kant argued that human knowledge derives from sensory experience, as well as preexisting categories for interpreting sensations. Which of the following is not one of these perceptual categorizations mentioned by the textbook authors?

Research examining individuals who are supertasters suggests that this ability is __________.

What is the meaning of the phrase "tabula rasa"?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Sensation

Which of the following is a fundamental tenet of early British empiricism?

Kinesthetic receptors provide information about which of the following?

Which of the following senses is probably the best example of specificity coding?

Which of our senses is(are) a human's most dominant sense(s)?

What functionally adaptive mechanism would you expect to find in an animal that lives in a cave and is exposed to low-intensity light only?

According to an effect called "brightness contrast," if you want to make one gray patch look brighter than an identical gray patch, then you should place it on

In which area are movements of the eardrum transduced into patterns of neural activity?

What does it mean if Weber's fraction is smaller for vision than for hearing?

To what stimuli will the neurons in the visual cortex of a normal cat probably respond best?

According to opponent-process theory, what color(s) would you see if both your red-green and yellow-blue systems were in perfect balance?

What function is served by hair cells in the ear?

On a particular trial in a detection experiment, no stimulus is presented, but the participant reports having perceived one. What is this called?

Sounds in the environment enter the ear and cause a membrane in the inner ear to vibrate. In the case of audition, what does vibration of the inner ear membrane represent?

What do we mean when we say a color is highly saturated?

The most common type of color blindness is the inability to distinguish __________ from __________.

We smell a rotten egg only because the hydrogen sulfide molecules in the air flow over the sensory cells in our nasal cavities. In this example, what is the distal stimulus?

The nativist philosopher Immanuel Kant argued that human knowledge derives from sensory experience, as well as preexisting categories for interpreting sensations. Which of the following is not one of these perceptual categorizations mentioned by the textbook authors?

Research examining individuals who are supertasters suggests that this ability is __________.

What is the meaning of the phrase "tabula rasa"?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

The most common type of color blindness is the inability to distinguish from .