Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of smell?

Accepted Answer

A)  signaling the quantity of a food source 
B)  assisting in the location of food 
C)  assisting an animal in avoiding danger 
D)  enhancing flavor 
A)  signaling the quantity of a food source 
B)  assisting in the location of food 
C)  assisting an animal in avoiding danger 
D)  enhancing flavor

Question 2

Ruffian endings are a type of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  vestibular organ 
B)  endings on the cochlea 
C)  skin sense receptor 
D)  visual processing neuron 
A)  vestibular organ 
B)  endings on the cochlea 
C)  skin sense receptor 
D)  visual processing neuron

Question 3

Assume that cell A of the visual system laterally inhibits the output of the adjacent cell, B. In terms of brightness contrast, what further effect will cell A have on cell B?

Accepted Answer

A)  The more cell A is excited, the more its excitation will spread to cell B 
B)  The more cell A is excited, the greater the inhibition effect on cell B. 
C)  The more cell A is excited, the more it will reduce the receptive field of cell B. 
D)  Cell A's effect on cell B will reverse from an inhibitory effect to an excitatory effect after intense stimulation. 
A)  The more cell A is excited, the more its excitation will spread to cell B 
B)  The more cell A is excited, the greater the inhibition effect on cell B. 
C)  The more cell A is excited, the more it will reduce the receptive field of cell B. 
D)  Cell A's effect on cell B will reverse from an inhibitory effect to an excitatory effect after intense stimulation.

Question 4

What does the equation S = k log I represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weber's law 
B)  Fechner's law 
C)  the equation for measuring the strength of a sensation 
D)  the equation for measuring psychological intensity 
A)  Weber's law 
B)  Fechner's law 
C)  the equation for measuring the strength of a sensation 
D)  the equation for measuring psychological intensity

Question 5

What are pheromones?

Accepted Answer

A)  specialized chemicals that allow smell-based communication 
B)  special sex hormones 
C)  an individual's specialized scent 
D)  a smell that stimulates sexual behavior 
A)  specialized chemicals that allow smell-based communication 
B)  special sex hormones 
C)  an individual's specialized scent 
D)  a smell that stimulates sexual behavior

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the social functions of olfaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  identification of young 
B)  identification of other group members 
C)  communicating the whereabouts of another member of your species 
D)  all of the above are social functions of olfaction 
A)  identification of young 
B)  identification of other group members 
C)  communicating the whereabouts of another member of your species 
D)  all of the above are social functions of olfaction

Question 7

A gray piece of cardboard is placed 1 cm away from a black patch, 10 cm away from a black patch, and immediately adjacent to a white patch. When will the gray patch look brightest?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed 1 cm away from the black patch. 
B)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed 10 cm away from the black patch. 
C)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed immediately adjacent to the white patch. 
D)  Distance from the black patch makes no difference; the gray patch will look brightest when placed next to the black patch, regardless of how close or how far away it is. 
A)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed 1 cm away from the black patch. 
B)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed 10 cm away from the black patch. 
C)  The gray patch will look brightest when placed immediately adjacent to the white patch. 
D)  Distance from the black patch makes no difference; the gray patch will look brightest when placed next to the black patch, regardless of how close or how far away it is.

Question 8

How is a keyboard able to produce such varied sounds as that of a flute, an electric guitar, or a church bell?

Accepted Answer

A)  by combining different sine waves 
B)  by artificially producing vibrations in the cochlea 
C)  by producing an artificially determined proximal stimulus 
D)  by altering the patterns normally received by the hair cells 
A)  by combining different sine waves 
B)  by artificially producing vibrations in the cochlea 
C)  by producing an artificially determined proximal stimulus 
D)  by altering the patterns normally received by the hair cells

Question 9

Pattern theory suggests that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  different sensory qualities are signaled by different neurons 
B)  what allows one to identify the sensory input is the overall pattern of activation 
C)  each individual sensory quality is signaled by a subset of neurons, but no pattern is formed 
D)  none of the above 
A)  different sensory qualities are signaled by different neurons 
B)  what allows one to identify the sensory input is the overall pattern of activation 
C)  each individual sensory quality is signaled by a subset of neurons, but no pattern is formed 
D)  none of the above

Question 10

Which is the best analogy for how taste buds function?

Accepted Answer

A)  a chemical broadcasting service 
B)  a sponge 
C)  a net 
D)  a screening service 
A)  a chemical broadcasting service 
B)  a sponge 
C)  a net 
D)  a screening service

Question 11

__________ is the collective term for information about movement that comes from receptors in the skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.

Accepted Answer

A)  Somesthesis 
B)  Kinesthesis 
C)  The vestibular sense 
D)  The gravitational sense 
A)  Somesthesis 
B)  Kinesthesis 
C)  The vestibular sense 
D)  The gravitational sense

Question 12

What is true of the blind spot on the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no receptors of any kind in the blind spot. 
B)  There are only cones in the blind spot. 
C)  There are only rods in the blind spot. 
D)  There are both rods and cones in the blind spot, but there are no receptors in the blind spot. 
A)  There are no receptors of any kind in the blind spot. 
B)  There are only cones in the blind spot. 
C)  There are only rods in the blind spot. 
D)  There are both rods and cones in the blind spot, but there are no receptors in the blind spot.

Question 13

Why are we unable to see colors in very dim light?

Accepted Answer

A)  The receptors for color are not sensitive to dim light. 
B)  Lateral inhibition is activated in very dim light. 
C)  Opponent processes cannot operate at low levels of light. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  The receptors for color are not sensitive to dim light. 
B)  Lateral inhibition is activated in very dim light. 
C)  Opponent processes cannot operate at low levels of light. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 14

What occurs during lateral inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adjacent cells in the visual system fire independently of one another and cause multiple inhibitory action potentials. 
B)  Bright lights inhibit the firing of retinal cells. 
C)  The absence of light inhibits cell firing in the visual system. 
D)  Neurons that extend sideways inhibit the activation of neighboring cells. 
A)  Adjacent cells in the visual system fire independently of one another and cause multiple inhibitory action potentials. 
B)  Bright lights inhibit the firing of retinal cells. 
C)  The absence of light inhibits cell firing in the visual system. 
D)  Neurons that extend sideways inhibit the activation of neighboring cells.

Question 15

What do mach bands best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast effects 
B)  adaptation effects 
C)  movement effects 
D)  opponent-process effects 
A)  contrast effects 
B)  adaptation effects 
C)  movement effects 
D)  opponent-process effects

Question 16

How do researchers measure the output from feature detectors?

Accepted Answer

A)  They use signal-detection tests. 
B)  They use PET scans and MRIs. 
C)  They administer controlled levels of stimulant drugs. 
D)  They take electrophysiological recordings from a single cell. 
A)  They use signal-detection tests. 
B)  They use PET scans and MRIs. 
C)  They administer controlled levels of stimulant drugs. 
D)  They take electrophysiological recordings from a single cell.

Question 17

A research participant can just discern the difference between 50 and 51 candles burning in an otherwise darkened room. According to Weber's law, how many lit candles would have to be added to 300 already-lit candles before a participant could just notice the difference in illumination?

Accepted Answer

A)  one additional candle, for a total of 301 candles 
B)  three additional candles, for a total of 303 candles 
C)  six additional candles, for a total of 306 candles 
D)  ten additional candles, for a total of 310 candles 
A)  one additional candle, for a total of 301 candles 
B)  three additional candles, for a total of 303 candles 
C)  six additional candles, for a total of 306 candles 
D)  ten additional candles, for a total of 310 candles

Question 18

What is the average range of hearing in normal young adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 to 40,000 hertz 
B)  20 to 20,000 hertz 
C)  100 to 100,000 hertz 
D)  30 to 6,000 hertz 
A)  4 to 40,000 hertz 
B)  20 to 20,000 hertz 
C)  100 to 100,000 hertz 
D)  30 to 6,000 hertz

Question 19

The smaller the Weber fraction, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the less sensitive the sense modality 
B)  the higher the response criterion 
C)  the more sensitive the sense modality 
D)  the shorter the duration of response to any sensory impression 
A)  the less sensitive the sense modality 
B)  the higher the response criterion 
C)  the more sensitive the sense modality 
D)  the shorter the duration of response to any sensory impression

Question 20

Certain facts do not seem to fit with the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic model of color vision, including that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  most observers agree that yellow looks like a primary color 
B)  the trichromatic theory does not explain why colors seem to come in pairs 
C)  the trichromatic theory cannot explain how the color purple gets derived 
D)  both a and b are correct answers 
A)  most observers agree that yellow looks like a primary color 
B)  the trichromatic theory does not explain why colors seem to come in pairs 
C)  the trichromatic theory cannot explain how the color purple gets derived 
D)  both a and b are correct answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of smell?

Ruffian endings are a type of __________.

Assume that cell A of the visual system laterally inhibits the output of the adjacent cell, B. In terms of brightness contrast, what further effect will cell A have on cell B?

What does the equation S = k log I represent?

What are pheromones?

Which of the following is NOT one of the social functions of olfaction?

A gray piece of cardboard is placed 1 cm away from a black patch, 10 cm away from a black patch, and immediately adjacent to a white patch. When will the gray patch look brightest?

How is a keyboard able to produce such varied sounds as that of a flute, an electric guitar, or a church bell?

Pattern theory suggests that __________.

Which is the best analogy for how taste buds function?

__________ is the collective term for information about movement that comes from receptors in the skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.

What is true of the blind spot on the retina?

Why are we unable to see colors in very dim light?

What occurs during lateral inhibition?

What do mach bands best illustrate?

How do researchers measure the output from feature detectors?

A research participant can just discern the difference between 50 and 51 candles burning in an otherwise darkened room. According to Weber's law, how many lit candles would have to be added to 300 already-lit candles before a participant could just notice the difference in illumination?

What is the average range of hearing in normal young adults?

The smaller the Weber fraction, __________.

Certain facts do not seem to fit with the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic model of color vision, including that __________.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Sensation

Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of smell?

Ruffian endings are a type of __________.

Assume that cell A of the visual system laterally inhibits the output of the adjacent cell, B. In terms of brightness contrast, what further effect will cell A have on cell B?

What does the equation S = k log I represent?

What are pheromones?

Which of the following is NOT one of the social functions of olfaction?

A gray piece of cardboard is placed 1 cm away from a black patch, 10 cm away from a black patch, and immediately adjacent to a white patch. When will the gray patch look brightest?

How is a keyboard able to produce such varied sounds as that of a flute, an electric guitar, or a church bell?

Pattern theory suggests that __________.

Which is the best analogy for how taste buds function?

__________ is the collective term for information about movement that comes from receptors in the skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.

What is true of the blind spot on the retina?

Why are we unable to see colors in very dim light?

What occurs during lateral inhibition?

What do mach bands best illustrate?

How do researchers measure the output from feature detectors?

A research participant can just discern the difference between 50 and 51 candles burning in an otherwise darkened room. According to Weber's law, how many lit candles would have to be added to 300 already-lit candles before a participant could just notice the difference in illumination?

What is the average range of hearing in normal young adults?

The smaller the Weber fraction, __________.

Certain facts do not seem to fit with the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic model of color vision, including that __________.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters