Question 1

Which of the following correctly represents the Q cycle? (Note: Portions are omitted for simplicity)

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the OEC is FALSE?
I.It is located at the lumenal surface of the D1 subunit
II.It has a low reduction potential in all states
III.It contains Mn4CaO4 or Mn4CaO5
IV.Part of the cluster is liganded to the amino acids Asp and Glu

Accepted Answer

A) II, III 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) II, IV 
E) II,  III 
A) II, III 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) II, IV 
E) II,  III

Question 3

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used.
-The chloroplast ATP synthase is also called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂ 
A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂

Question 4

In plants and cyanobacteria, PSII ______, and PSI ______.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidizes H2O, reduces NAD+ 
B) oxidizes H2O, reduces NADP+ 
C) oxidizes O2, reduces FAD 
D) oxidizes H2O, reduces FAD 
E) none of the above are true 
A) oxidizes H2O, reduces NAD+ 
B) oxidizes H2O, reduces NADP+ 
C) oxidizes O2, reduces FAD 
D) oxidizes H2O, reduces FAD 
E) none of the above are true

Question 5

In photorespiration, reduction of hydroxypyruvate to glycerate requires ____ and occurs in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) NADPH; mitochondrion 
B) NADH; peroxisome 
C) NADPH; chloroplast 
D) NADH; chloroplast 
E) none of the above 
A) NADPH; mitochondrion 
B) NADH; peroxisome 
C) NADPH; chloroplast 
D) NADH; chloroplast 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following statements about photosynthetic pigments is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Carotenoid pigments absorb light in the 400-500 nm range 
B) Chlorophylls a and b absorb both long and short wavelength light 
C) Phycoerythrin absorbs blue and green light. 
D) Phycocyanin absorbs yellow light around the 600 nm range 
E) Bacteriochlorophyll a overlaps the absorption wavelengths of chlorophylls a and b 
A) Carotenoid pigments absorb light in the 400-500 nm range 
B) Chlorophylls a and b absorb both long and short wavelength light 
C) Phycoerythrin absorbs blue and green light. 
D) Phycocyanin absorbs yellow light around the 600 nm range 
E) Bacteriochlorophyll a overlaps the absorption wavelengths of chlorophylls a and b

Question 7

Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle?
I.ATP
II.Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
III.NADPH
IV.CO2

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) I, III 
C) II only 
D) II, IV 
E) I, III, IV 
A) I only 
B) I, III 
C) II only 
D) II, IV 
E) I, III, IV

Question 8

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used.
-In the Calvin cycle, ______ is "fixed" to generate carbohydrate molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂ 
A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂

Question 9

Electrons abstracted from water by ___ are relayed to ___ via formation of a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) OEC; P680+; plastoquinone 
B) PSII; cytochrome b6; plastoquinone 
C) OEC; P680+; tyrosyl radical 
D) OEC; cytochrome b6; tyrosyl radical 
E) OEC; P960+; tyrosyl radical 
A) OEC; P680+; plastoquinone 
B) PSII; cytochrome b6; plastoquinone 
C) OEC; P680+; tyrosyl radical 
D) OEC; cytochrome b6; tyrosyl radical 
E) OEC; P960+; tyrosyl radical

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the oxygen evolving complex (OEC)?
I.All states have high reduction potentials that exceed that of water.
II.The OEC is made up of magnesium atoms that bridge oxygen atoms together.
III.Current evidence indicates that the OEC cycles between five states in which the metal atoms exist in a variety of combinations of oxidation states.
IV.During the course of reaction, protons and electrons are abstracted from one water molecule yielding one O2.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, III 
C) I, II 
D) III only 
E) III, IV 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, III 
C) I, II 
D) III only 
E) III, IV

Question 11

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used.
-The most abundant biological catalyst is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂ 
A) photosynthetic reaction center 
B) tyrosyl radical 
C) thylakoid 
D) H₂O 
E) CF₁CF₀
F)Z-scheme
G)NADPH
H)plastoquinone
I)H+
J)RuBP carboxylase
K)CO₂
L)2 OH–
M)O₂

Question 12

It is believed that the ratio of cyclic photophosphorylation to Z-scheme photosynthesis changes in response to metabolic demands.How would this ratio in chloroplasts performing the following reaction compare to that in chloroplasts performing only the Calvin cycle? Calvin cycle + reduction of nitrite (NO2-)to NH3

Accepted Answer

A) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is increased in chloroplasts performing the above reaction compared to those performing only the Calvin cycle 
B) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is decreased in chloroplasts performing the above reaction compared to those performing only the Calvin cycle 
C) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is depends primarily on the level of light available and would therefore not be altered by the above reaction 
D) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is depends primarily on the availability of plastocyanin and would therefore not be altered by the above reaction 
E) none of the above 
A) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is increased in chloroplasts performing the above reaction compared to those performing only the Calvin cycle 
B) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is decreased in chloroplasts performing the above reaction compared to those performing only the Calvin cycle 
C) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is depends primarily on the level of light available and would therefore not be altered by the above reaction 
D) The ratio of cyclic photophosphotylation to Z-scheme is depends primarily on the availability of plastocyanin and would therefore not be altered by the above reaction 
E) none of the above

Question 13

Electron transfer in PbRC is approximately ____ efficient.

Accepted Answer

A) 25%. 
B) 50%. 
C) 75%. 
D) 96%. 
E) 100%. 
A) 25%. 
B) 50%. 
C) 75%. 
D) 96%. 
E) 100%.

Question 14

Which of the following would decrease the activity of RuBP carboxylase?
I.a change in the pH of the stroma from 6.7 to 7.9
II.an increase in the concentration of Mn2+ in the stroma
III.an uncoupling protein embedded in the thylakoid membrane
IV.presence of the transition state analog CA1P

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, III, IV 
C) II, III, IV 
D) III, IV 
E) I, III 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, III, IV 
C) II, III, IV 
D) III, IV 
E) I, III

Question 15

A houseplant is treated with a compound that inactivates plastocyanin.Which of following might allow the plant to survive?

Accepted Answer

A) supplement with light with a wavelength of 680 nm or less 
B) supplement with light with a wavelength greater than 680 nm 
C) addition of an uncoupling agent thus allowing ATP synthesis to resume 
D) addition of an oxidant capable of oxidizing NADPH, thus decreasing photorespiration. 
E) none of the above 
A) supplement with light with a wavelength of 680 nm or less 
B) supplement with light with a wavelength greater than 680 nm 
C) addition of an uncoupling agent thus allowing ATP synthesis to resume 
D) addition of an oxidant capable of oxidizing NADPH, thus decreasing photorespiration. 
E) none of the above

Question 16

Synthesis of starch requires
I.ATP
II.glucose-1-phosphate
III.ADP-glucose phosphatase
IV.ADP-glucose

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III 
B) II, III, IV 
C) I, III, IV 
D) I, II, IV 
E) II, III 
A) I, II, III 
B) II, III, IV 
C) I, III, IV 
D) I, II, IV 
E) II, III

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning Z-scheme photosynthesis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Water is reduced by a Mn-containing cluster. 
B) Electrons are carried by lipid-soluble plastoquinones, which participate in a Q cycle. 
C) Ferredoxin oxidizes NADPH. 
D) Transfer occurs stepwise from PSI to PSII with increasing potential. 
E) A proton gradient is not generated to drive ATP synthesis. 
A) Water is reduced by a Mn-containing cluster. 
B) Electrons are carried by lipid-soluble plastoquinones, which participate in a Q cycle. 
C) Ferredoxin oxidizes NADPH. 
D) Transfer occurs stepwise from PSI to PSII with increasing potential. 
E) A proton gradient is not generated to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 18

Which of the following is(are)FALSE about photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

A) RuBP carboxylase oxygenates ribulose bisphosphate to form 2-phosphoglycolate and 3-phosphoglycerate. 
B) The reaction provides an additional mechanism to generate ATP and NADPH. 
C) The C4 cycle minimizes the need for photorespiration. 
D) CO2 and O2 compete for binding the RuBP carboxylase active site. 
E) Photorespiration is thought to function as a protective mechanism to allow dissipation of unused energy. 
A) RuBP carboxylase oxygenates ribulose bisphosphate to form 2-phosphoglycolate and 3-phosphoglycerate. 
B) The reaction provides an additional mechanism to generate ATP and NADPH. 
C) The C4 cycle minimizes the need for photorespiration. 
D) CO2 and O2 compete for binding the RuBP carboxylase active site. 
E) Photorespiration is thought to function as a protective mechanism to allow dissipation of unused energy.

Question 19

The major difference between pheophytins and chlorophylls is

Accepted Answer

A) pheophytins contain iron in their centers while chlorophylls contain magnesium. 
B) chlorophylls contain iron in their centers while pheophytins contain magnesium. 
C) pheophytins contain no metal ion in their centers. 
D) pheophytins are linear, rather than cyclic tetrapyrroles. 
E) none of the above 
A) pheophytins contain iron in their centers while chlorophylls contain magnesium. 
B) chlorophylls contain iron in their centers while pheophytins contain magnesium. 
C) pheophytins contain no metal ion in their centers. 
D) pheophytins are linear, rather than cyclic tetrapyrroles. 
E) none of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between chlorophyll structures and heme?

Accepted Answer

A) Chlorophyll structures contain copper rather than iron. 
B) Chlorophyll structures typically have five rings while heme typically has four. 
C) Chlorophyll often has fewer R groups attached to the ring system that heme. 
D) Chlorophyll metal atoms coordinate to the nitrogen atoms from the ring where as heme iron atoms coordinate to carbon atoms. 
E) all of the above 
A) Chlorophyll structures contain copper rather than iron. 
B) Chlorophyll structures typically have five rings while heme typically has four. 
C) Chlorophyll often has fewer R groups attached to the ring system that heme. 
D) Chlorophyll metal atoms coordinate to the nitrogen atoms from the ring where as heme iron atoms coordinate to carbon atoms. 
E) all of the above

Exam 19: Photosynthesis

Which of the following correctly represents the Q cycle? (Note: Portions are omitted for simplicity)

Which of the following statements about the OEC is FALSE? I.It is located at the lumenal surface of the D1 subunit II.It has a low reduction potential in all states III.It contains Mn4CaO4 or Mn4CaO5 IV.Part of the cluster is liganded to the amino acids Asp and Glu

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used. -The chloroplast ATP synthase is also called ______.

In plants and cyanobacteria, PSII ______, and PSI ______.

In photorespiration, reduction of hydroxypyruvate to glycerate requires ____ and occurs in the ____.

Which of the following statements about photosynthetic pigments is FALSE?

Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle? I.ATP II.Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate III.NADPH IV.CO2

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used. -In the Calvin cycle, ______ is "fixed" to generate carbohydrate molecules.

Electrons abstracted from water by ___ are relayed to ___ via formation of a ____.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all the answers will be used. -The most abundant biological catalyst is ______.

Electron transfer in PbRC is approximately ____ efficient.

Which of the following would decrease the activity of RuBP carboxylase? I.a change in the pH of the stroma from 6.7 to 7.9 II.an increase in the concentration of Mn2+ in the stroma III.an uncoupling protein embedded in the thylakoid membrane IV.presence of the transition state analog CA1P

A houseplant is treated with a compound that inactivates plastocyanin.Which of following might allow the plant to survive?

Synthesis of starch requires I.ATP II.glucose-1-phosphate III.ADP-glucose phosphatase IV.ADP-glucose

Which of the following statements concerning Z-scheme photosynthesis is TRUE?

Which of the following is(are)FALSE about photorespiration?

The major difference between pheophytins and chlorophylls is

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between chlorophyll structures and heme?

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Which of the following statements about the OEC is FALSE? I.It is located at the lumenal surface of the D1 subunit II.It has a low reduction potential in all states III.It contains Mn₄CaO₄ or Mn₄CaO₅ IV.Part of the cluster is liganded to the amino acids Asp and Glu

In plants and cyanobacteria, PSII , and PSI .

In photorespiration, reduction of hydroxypyruvate to glycerate requires and occurs in the .

Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle? I.ATP II.Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate III.NADPH IV.CO₂

Electrons abstracted from water by _ are relayed to _ via formation of a ____.

Which of the following would decrease the activity of RuBP carboxylase? I.a change in the pH of the stroma from 6.7 to 7.9 II.an increase in the concentration of Mn²⁺ in the stroma III.an uncoupling protein embedded in the thylakoid membrane IV.presence of the transition state analog CA1P