Question 1

What treatment is initiated in patients suspected of pulmonary emboli, and continued until pulmonary emboli is ruled out?

Accepted Answer

A) antiarrhythmia 
B) anticoagulation 
C) corticosteroids 
D) diuretics 
A) antiarrhythmia 
B) anticoagulation 
C) corticosteroids 
D) diuretics

Question 2

Which of the following risk factors is NOT associated with an increase in the incidence of pulmonary embolism?

Accepted Answer

A) advanced age 
B) immobilization 
C) multiple injuries from trauma 
D) positive smoking history 
A) advanced age 
B) immobilization 
C) multiple injuries from trauma 
D) positive smoking history

Question 3

What percentage of the pulmonary vascular bed must be occluded by emboli before pulmonary hypertension occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% 
B) 33% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
A) 25% 
B) 33% 
C) 50% 
D) 75%

Question 4

Which of the following findings on a chest radiograph is NOT consistent with pulmonary embolism?

Accepted Answer

A) diffuse hyperinflation 
B) elevation of the diaphragm 
C) enlargement of the heart shadow 
D) pleural effusion 
A) diffuse hyperinflation 
B) elevation of the diaphragm 
C) enlargement of the heart shadow 
D) pleural effusion

Question 5

What ECG finding is most often associated with right-sided heart failure and pulmonary hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) elevated ST segment 
B) inverted P wave in lead I 
C) prolonged PR interval 
D) right-axis deviation 
A) elevated ST segment 
B) inverted P wave in lead I 
C) prolonged PR interval 
D) right-axis deviation

Question 6

What are the two most common symptoms associated with primary pulmonary hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) dry cough and dyspnea 
B) dyspnea and angina 
C) hemoptysis and dyspnea 
D) syncope and chest pain 
A) dry cough and dyspnea 
B) dyspnea and angina 
C) hemoptysis and dyspnea 
D) syncope and chest pain

Question 7

The presence of previous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduces the diagnostic usefulness of $\dot { V } / \dot { Q }$ scans in acute pulmonary embolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most pulmonary infarctions occur in the lung apexes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding the use of CT with contrast for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Accepted Answer

A) limited due to availability of CT equipment 
B) most sensitive of the diagnostic techniques 
C) can only identify the medium to large PE 
D) high risk of mortality limits its use 
A) limited due to availability of CT equipment 
B) most sensitive of the diagnostic techniques 
C) can only identify the medium to large PE 
D) high risk of mortality limits its use

Question 10

What is the most frequent symptom found in patients with confirmed pulmonary emboli?

Accepted Answer

A) cough 
B) dyspnea 
C) leg swelling 
D) pleuritic chest pain 
A) cough 
B) dyspnea 
C) leg swelling 
D) pleuritic chest pain

Question 11

Death from massive pulmonary embolism is the result of cardiovascular collapse rather than respiratory failure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Lung transplantation is an option in the management of idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following conditions predispose a patient to venous thromboembolic disease?
I.carcinoma
II.COPD
III.trauma
IV.thrombocytosis

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, and III 
B) I and IV 
C) II only 
D) I, III, and IV 
A) I, II, and III 
B) I and IV 
C) II only 
D) I, III, and IV

Question 14

Where do most pulmonary emboli originate?

Accepted Answer

A) deep veins of the arms 
B) deep veins of the legs 
C) thrombi from the right side of the heart 
D) veins of the thorax 
A) deep veins of the arms 
B) deep veins of the legs 
C) thrombi from the right side of the heart 
D) veins of the thorax

Question 15

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is NOT associated with which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 
B) cirrhosis of the liver 
C) congenital heart disease 
D) human immunodeficiency virus infection 
A) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 
B) cirrhosis of the liver 
C) congenital heart disease 
D) human immunodeficiency virus infection

Question 16

Prophylactic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) therapy would be most important in which of the following patient groups?

Accepted Answer

A) general surgery patients 
B) general ward patients 
C) ICU patients 
D) patients with hip replacements 
A) general surgery patients 
B) general ward patients 
C) ICU patients 
D) patients with hip replacements

Question 17

What is the 5-year survival rate for patients with untreated idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH)?

Accepted Answer

A) 33% 
B) 44% 
C) 55% 
D) 66% 
A) 33% 
B) 44% 
C) 55% 
D) 66%

Question 18

Approximately what percentage of patients who die from pulmonary embolism are NOT suspected before death?

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 20% 
C) 40% 
D) 70% 
A) 5% 
B) 20% 
C) 40% 
D) 70%

Question 19

What percentage of patients with pulmonary embolism have pulmonary infarction as a complication?

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10% 
B) about 25% 
C) about 40% 
D) about 65% 
A) less than 10% 
B) about 25% 
C) about 40% 
D) about 65%

Question 20

What is the most important noninvasive diagnostic test for evaluation of a patient with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH)?

Accepted Answer

A) posteroanterior chest radiograph 
B) physical examination 
C) pulmonary function testing 
D)  $\dot { V } / \dot { Q }$ scan 
A) posteroanterior chest radiograph 
B) physical examination 
C) pulmonary function testing 
D)  $\dot { V } / \dot { Q }$ scan

Exam 26: Pulmonary Vascular Disease

What treatment is initiated in patients suspected of pulmonary emboli, and continued until pulmonary emboli is ruled out?

Which of the following risk factors is NOT associated with an increase in the incidence of pulmonary embolism?

What percentage of the pulmonary vascular bed must be occluded by emboli before pulmonary hypertension occurs?

Which of the following findings on a chest radiograph is NOT consistent with pulmonary embolism?

What ECG finding is most often associated with right-sided heart failure and pulmonary hypertension?

What are the two most common symptoms associated with primary pulmonary hypertension?

The presence of previous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduces the diagnostic usefulness of V˙/Q˙\dot { V } / \dot { Q }V˙/Q˙​ scans in acute pulmonary embolism.

Most pulmonary infarctions occur in the lung apexes.

Which of the following is true regarding the use of CT with contrast for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE)?

What is the most frequent symptom found in patients with confirmed pulmonary emboli?

Death from massive pulmonary embolism is the result of cardiovascular collapse rather than respiratory failure.

Lung transplantation is an option in the management of idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension.

Which of the following conditions predispose a patient to venous thromboembolic disease? I.carcinoma II.COPD III.trauma IV.thrombocytosis

Where do most pulmonary emboli originate?

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is NOT associated with which of the following conditions?

Prophylactic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) therapy would be most important in which of the following patient groups?

What is the 5-year survival rate for patients with untreated idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH)?

Approximately what percentage of patients who die from pulmonary embolism are NOT suspected before death?

What percentage of patients with pulmonary embolism have pulmonary infarction as a complication?

What is the most important noninvasive diagnostic test for evaluation of a patient with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH)?

History of Respiratory Care

Quality and Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Patient Safety, Communication, and Record Keeping

Principles of Infection Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

Computer Applications in Respiratory Care

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

A Review of Thoracic Imaging

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Acute Lung Injury, Pulmonary Edema, and Multiple System Organ

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Initiating and Adjusting Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

Filters

The presence of previous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduces the diagnostic usefulness of $\dot { V } / \dot { Q }$ scans in acute pulmonary embolism.