Exam 22: Pulmonary Infections

What is the most common identified cause of community-acquired pneumonia?

What mechanism has been found to be useful in minimizing the development of pneumonia associated with intubated patients?

What is the drug of choice for the patient with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia?

Which of the following clinical findings is NOT associated with an increased risk of death in the patient with pneumonia?

What percent of patients with community-acquired pneumonia have a parapneumonic pleural effusion?

What diagnostic procedure might be done by a lone respiratory therapist in order to determine the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia?

What timeline has been established to initiate antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia who are admitted to the hospital that will result in improved survival?

Would a patient being fed through a jejunostomy tube be more likely to develop nosocomial pneumonia than if he were fed totally via the parenteral route?

A patient comes into the emergency department presenting with signs and symptoms of pneumonia. While taking the patient's history, it is determined that 2 $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$ months ago the patient spent 3 days in the hospital for acute angina. Since then the patient has been stable on medication. What type of pneumonia is this patient most likely to have?

Which group of patients is most likely to develop pneumonia subsequent to large volume aspiration?

What would be important to perform in order to obtain a good sputum sample that is to be used to detect the pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia?

For a patient with pneumonia with coexisting cardiopulmonary disease, according to the ATS guidelines, what single antibiotic could be given as empiric treatment?

Which of the following represents an example of atypical community-acquired pneumonia?

An elderly patient presents with failure to thrive, shortness of breath, confusion, and worsening congestive heart failure. What is most likely the patient's primary problem?

Which of the following would interfere with the collection of a good sputum sample for Gram stain? I.contamination of the sample with oral secretions II.lack of productive cough III.prior antibiotic therapy IV.rinsing with mouthwash prior to sputum collection

An intubated, mechanically ventilated patient is suspected of developing nosocomial pneumonia. The pulmonologist decides to perform a bronchoscopy. Which bronchoscopy findings would be consistent with pneumonia? I.alveolar collapse II.distal purulent secretions III.persistent secretions surging from distal bronchi during exhalation IV.P/F ratio less than 50

Which of the following types of pneumonia suggests that the patient acquired it because of the reactivation of a latent infection, often in the setting of immunosuppression?

ATS guidelines suggest using which of the following antibiotics if methicillin-resistant S. aureus is a concern?

A 45-year-old patient diagnosed with pneumonia has received appropriate antibiotic therapy. Radiographic resolution is most often seen within what time period?

Which of the following mechanisms is an uncommon route for the spread of pneumonia?