Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium

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Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH3(g)+ 3O2(g) Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH<sub>3</sub>(g)+ 3O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 6H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the reactants would increase, decrease, or remain constant after ammonia was added to the system. 2N2(g)+ 6H2O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the reactants would increase, decrease, or remain constant after ammonia was added to the system.

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At 400ºC, Kc = 64 for the equilibrium H2(g)+ I2(g) At 400ºC, K<sub>c</sub> = 64 for the equilibrium H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2HI(g).If 3.00 mol H<sub>2</sub> and 3.00 mol I<sub>2</sub> are introduced into an empty 4.0 L vessel, find the equilibrium concentration of HI at 400ºC. 2HI(g).If 3.00 mol H2 and 3.00 mol I2 are introduced into an empty 4.0 L vessel, find the equilibrium concentration of HI at 400ºC.

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The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction 2BrF5 (g) The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction 2BrF<sub>5 </sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Br<sub>2 </sub>(g)+ 5F<sub>2 </sub>(g)is Br2 (g)+ 5F2 (g)is

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Calculate Kc for the reaction 2HI(g) Calculate K<sub>c</sub> for the reaction 2HI(g)<sub> </sub><sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)given that the concentrations of each species at equilibrium are as follows: [HI] = 0.85 mol/L, [I<sub>2</sub>] = 0.60 mol/L, [H<sub>2</sub>] = 0.27 mol/L. H2(g)+ I2(g)given that the concentrations of each species at equilibrium are as follows: [HI] = 0.85 mol/L, [I2] = 0.60 mol/L, [H2] = 0.27 mol/L.

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Concerning the following reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H2O(g) Concerning the following reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   <sub> </sub> Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>(g), increasing the concentration of the Fe(s)would: Fe3O4(s)+ 4H2(g), increasing the concentration of the Fe(s)would:

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A reaction with an equilibrium constant Kc = 1.5 x 10-25 would consist of which of the following at equilibrium:

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The solubility of silver bromide can be increased by dissolving it in a solution containing the thiosulfate anion. AgBr(s) The solubility of silver bromide can be increased by dissolving it in a solution containing the thiosulfate anion. AgBr(s)   <sub> </sub> Ag<sup>+ </sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>- </sup>(aq)K<sub>1</sub> = 7.7 x 10<sup>-13</sup> <sup> </sup>Ag<sup>+</sup>(aq)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2- </sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3- </sup>(aq)K<sub>2</sub> = 4.7 x 10<sup>13</sup> <sup> </sup> <sup> </sup>What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction? AgBr(s)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3-</sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>-</sup>(aq) Ag+ (aq)+ Br- (aq)K1 = 7.7 x 10-13 Ag+(aq)+ 2S2O32- (aq) The solubility of silver bromide can be increased by dissolving it in a solution containing the thiosulfate anion. AgBr(s)   <sub> </sub> Ag<sup>+ </sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>- </sup>(aq)K<sub>1</sub> = 7.7 x 10<sup>-13</sup> <sup> </sup>Ag<sup>+</sup>(aq)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2- </sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3- </sup>(aq)K<sub>2</sub> = 4.7 x 10<sup>13</sup> <sup> </sup> <sup> </sup>What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction? AgBr(s)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3-</sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>-</sup>(aq) Ag(S2O3)23- (aq)K2 = 4.7 x 1013 What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction? AgBr(s)+ 2S2O32-(aq) The solubility of silver bromide can be increased by dissolving it in a solution containing the thiosulfate anion. AgBr(s)   <sub> </sub> Ag<sup>+ </sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>- </sup>(aq)K<sub>1</sub> = 7.7 x 10<sup>-13</sup> <sup> </sup>Ag<sup>+</sup>(aq)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2- </sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3- </sup>(aq)K<sub>2</sub> = 4.7 x 10<sup>13</sup> <sup> </sup> <sup> </sup>What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction? AgBr(s)+ 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>(aq)   <sub> </sub> Ag(S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3-</sup>(aq)+ Br<sup>-</sup>(aq) Ag(S2O3)23-(aq)+ Br-(aq)

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For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which one of these changes would cause the Br2 concentration to increase? 2NOBr(g)  For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which one of these changes would cause the Br<sub>2</sub> concentration to increase? 2NOBr(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub>= 30 kJ/mol 2NO(g)+ Br2(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn= 30 kJ/mol

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In which of these gas-phase equilibria is the yield of products increased by increasing the total pressure on the reaction mixture?

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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ 3H2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g).If we use a catalyst, which way will the reaction shift? 2NH3(g).If we use a catalyst, which way will the reaction shift?

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What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g) What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g)   <sub> </sub> H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g) H2(g)+ I2(g)

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Consider the following equilibria: 2SO3(g) Consider the following equilibria: 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 2.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> <sup> </sup>2NO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 1.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> <sup> </sup>Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>3</sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>2</sub>(g) 2SO2(g)+ O2(g)Kc = 2.3 × 10-7 2NO3(g) Consider the following equilibria: 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 2.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> <sup> </sup>2NO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 1.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> <sup> </sup>Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>3</sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>2</sub>(g) 2NO2(g)+ O2(g)Kc = 1.4 × 10-3 Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction SO2(g)+ NO3(g) Consider the following equilibria: 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 2.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> <sup> </sup>2NO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 1.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> <sup> </sup>Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>3</sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>2</sub>(g) SO3(g)+ NO2(g)

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When the substances in the equation below are at equilibrium, at pressure P and temperature T, the equilibrium can be shifted to favor the products by CuO(s)+ H2(g)  When the substances in the equation below are at equilibrium, at pressure P and temperature T, the equilibrium can be shifted to favor the products by CuO(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ Cu(s) \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = -2.0 kJ/mol H2O(g)+ Cu(s) Δ\Delta Hºrxn = -2.0 kJ/mol

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Equilibrium constants are known for the following reactions: S(s)+ 3/2O2(g) Equilibrium constants are known for the following reactions: S(s)+ <sup>3</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>3</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 9.2 × 10<sup>23</sup> <sup> </sup>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 4.8 × 10<sup>- 4</sup> <sup> </sup>Thus, for the reaction S(s)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 4.4 × 10<sup>20</sup>. SO3(g)Kc = 9.2 × 1023 SO3(g) Equilibrium constants are known for the following reactions: S(s)+ <sup>3</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>3</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 9.2 × 10<sup>23</sup> <sup> </sup>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 4.8 × 10<sup>- 4</sup> <sup> </sup>Thus, for the reaction S(s)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 4.4 × 10<sup>20</sup>. SO2(g)+ 1/2O2(g)Kc = 4.8 × 10- 4 Thus, for the reaction S(s)+ O2(g) Equilibrium constants are known for the following reactions: S(s)+ <sup>3</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>3</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 9.2 × 10<sup>23</sup> <sup> </sup>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>c</sub> = 4.8 × 10<sup>- 4</sup> <sup> </sup>Thus, for the reaction S(s)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 4.4 × 10<sup>20</sup>. SO2(g), Kc = 4.4 × 1020.

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For the reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H2O(g) For the reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   <sub> </sub> Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>(g), removing some of the product, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(s), would: Fe3O4(s)+ 4H2(g), removing some of the product, Fe3O4(s), would:

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The equilibrium constants for the chemical reaction N2(g)+ O2(g) The equilibrium constants for the chemical reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)are K<sub>P</sub> = 1.1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> and 3.6 × 10<sup>-3</sup> at 2,200 K and 2,500 K, respectively. Which one of these statements is true? 2NO(g)are KP = 1.1 × 10-3 and 3.6 × 10-3 at 2,200 K and 2,500 K, respectively. Which one of these statements is true?

(Multiple Choice)
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The equilibrium between carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid is very important in biology and environmental science. CO2 (aq)+ H2O (l) The equilibrium between carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid is very important in biology and environmental science. CO<sub>2 </sub>(aq)+ H<sub>2</sub>O (l)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3 </sub>(aq) Which one of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression (K<sub>c</sub>)for this reaction? H2CO3 (aq) Which one of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression (Kc)for this reaction?

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Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s) Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s)   <sub> </sub> AB<sub>2</sub>(g)   Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? AB2(g) Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s)   <sub> </sub> AB<sub>2</sub>(g)   Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?

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The Kc for the reaction CO2(g)+ H2(g) The K<sub>c</sub> for the reaction CO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H<sub>2</sub>, 2.00 mol of CO<sub>2</sub>, 0.750 mol of H<sub>2</sub>O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC. H2O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H2, 2.00 mol of CO2, 0.750 mol of H2O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC.

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For the reaction H2(g)+ I2(g) For the reaction H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2HI(g), K<sub>P</sub> = K<sub>c</sub>. 2HI(g), KP = Kc.

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