Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium

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Given the following information: 2A(g)+ B(g) Given the following information: 2A(g)+ B(g)   <sub> </sub> A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p1</sub> 2A(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2AC(g)K<sub>p2</sub> <sub> </sub> 3/2A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ B(g)+ C(g)   <sub> </sub> AC(g)+ A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p3</sub> <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 3A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3B(g)+ 2C(g)   <sub> </sub> 3A<sub>2</sub>B(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>net</sub> = ? A2B(g)Kp1 2A(g)+ C2(g) Given the following information: 2A(g)+ B(g)   <sub> </sub> A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p1</sub> 2A(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2AC(g)K<sub>p2</sub> <sub> </sub> 3/2A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ B(g)+ C(g)   <sub> </sub> AC(g)+ A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p3</sub> <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 3A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3B(g)+ 2C(g)   <sub> </sub> 3A<sub>2</sub>B(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>net</sub> = ? 2AC(g)Kp2 3/2A2(g)+ B(g)+ C(g) Given the following information: 2A(g)+ B(g)   <sub> </sub> A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p1</sub> 2A(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2AC(g)K<sub>p2</sub> <sub> </sub> 3/2A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ B(g)+ C(g)   <sub> </sub> AC(g)+ A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p3</sub> <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 3A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3B(g)+ 2C(g)   <sub> </sub> 3A<sub>2</sub>B(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>net</sub> = ? AC(g)+ A2B(g)Kp3 Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 3A2(g)+ 3B(g)+ 2C(g) Given the following information: 2A(g)+ B(g)   <sub> </sub> A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p1</sub> 2A(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2AC(g)K<sub>p2</sub> <sub> </sub> 3/2A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ B(g)+ C(g)   <sub> </sub> AC(g)+ A<sub>2</sub>B(g)K<sub>p3</sub> <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 3A<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3B(g)+ 2C(g)   <sub> </sub> 3A<sub>2</sub>B(g)+ C<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>net</sub> = ? 3A2B(g)+ C2(g)Knet = ?

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Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s) Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s)   <sub> </sub> AB<sub>2</sub>(g)   Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? AB2(g) Given the following data for the reaction: A(g)+ 2B(s)   <sub> </sub> AB<sub>2</sub>(g)   Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?

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Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation: 2HI(g) Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation: 2HI(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 0.0156 at 400ºC A 0.660 mol sample of HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel held at 400ºC. Calculate the concentration of HI at equilibrium. H2(g)+ I2(g), Kc = 0.0156 at 400ºC A 0.660 mol sample of HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel held at 400ºC. Calculate the concentration of HI at equilibrium.

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For the reaction at equilibrium 2SO3  For the reaction at equilibrium 2SO<sub>3</sub>   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2 </sub>( \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub>= 198 kJ/mol), increasing the reaction temperature would: 2SO2 + O2 ( Δ\Delta Hºrxn= 198 kJ/mol), increasing the reaction temperature would:

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Kp for the reaction of SO2(g)with O2 to produce SO3(g)is 3 × 1024 .Calculate Kc for this equilibrium at 25ºC.(The relevant reaction is 2SO2(g)+ O2(g) K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction of SO<sub>2</sub>(g)with O<sub>2</sub> to produce SO<sub>3</sub>(g)is 3 × 10<sup>24</sup> .Calculate K<sub>c</sub> for this equilibrium at 25ºC.(The relevant reaction is 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g).) 2SO3(g).)

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For the following reaction at equilibrium, which change will cause the equilibrium to shift to the left? 2NOBr(g)  For the following reaction at equilibrium, which change will cause the equilibrium to shift to the left? 2NOBr(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = 30 kJ/mol 2NO(g)+ Br2(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn = 30 kJ/mol

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For the reaction at equilibrium: CO(g)+ H2O(g) For the reaction at equilibrium: CO(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   <sub> </sub> CO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g), increasing the volume of the container would: CO2(g)+ H2(g), increasing the volume of the container would:

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Solid ammonium hydrogen sulfide is introduced into a 2.00-L flask, and the flask is sealed.If this solid decomposes according to the equation below NH4HS(s) Solid ammonium hydrogen sulfide is introduced into a 2.00-L flask, and the flask is sealed.If this solid decomposes according to the equation below NH<sub>4</sub>HS(s)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> NH<sub>3</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>S(g), K<sub>p</sub> = 0.108 at 25°C, What is the minimum mass of ammonium hydrogen sulfide that must be present in the flask initially if equilibrium is to be established at 25°C? NH3(g)+ H2S(g), Kp = 0.108 at 25°C, What is the minimum mass of ammonium hydrogen sulfide that must be present in the flask initially if equilibrium is to be established at 25°C?

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At 700 K, the reaction 2SO2(g)+ O2(g) At 700 K, the reaction 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)has the equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub> = 4.3 × 10<sup>6</sup> , and the following concentrations are present: [SO<sub>2</sub>] = 0.10 M; [SO<sub>3</sub>] = 10.M; [O<sub>2</sub>] = 0.10 M.Which of the following is true based on the above? 2SO3(g)has the equilibrium constant Kc = 4.3 × 106 , and the following concentrations are present: [SO2] = 0.10 M; [SO3] = 10.M; [O2] = 0.10 M.Which of the following is true based on the above?

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Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation 2HI(g) Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation 2HI(g)   <sub> </sub> H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g), for which K<sub>c</sub> = 0.0156 at 400ºC.0.550 mol HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel at 400ºC.Calculate the concentration of H<sub>2</sub> at equilibrium. H2(g)+ I2(g), for which Kc = 0.0156 at 400ºC.0.550 mol HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel at 400ºC.Calculate the concentration of H2 at equilibrium.

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The Kc for the reaction CO2(g)+ H2(g) The K<sub>c</sub> for the reaction CO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of water in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H<sub>2</sub>, 2.00 mol of CO<sub>2</sub>, 0.750 mol of H<sub>2</sub>O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC. H2O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of water in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H2, 2.00 mol of CO2, 0.750 mol of H2O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC.

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Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as shown below. CaCO3(s) Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as shown below. CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)   <sub> </sub> CaO(s)+ CO<sub>2</sub>(g) The K<sub>P</sub> for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the mass of the solid in the vessel once equilibrium is reached? CaO(s)+ CO2(g) The KP for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO3(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the mass of the solid in the vessel once equilibrium is reached?

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Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH3(g)+ 3O2(g) Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH<sub>3</sub>(g)+ 3O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 6H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the products would increase, decrease, or remain constant when the temperature is increased. 2N2(g)+ 6H2O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the products would increase, decrease, or remain constant when the temperature is increased.

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At 700 K, the reaction 2SO2(g)+ O2(g) At 700 K, the reaction 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)has the equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub> = 4.3 × 10<sup>6</sup>, and the following concentrations are present: [SO<sub>2</sub>] = 0.010 M; [SO<sub>3</sub>] = 10.M; [O<sub>2</sub>] = 0.010 M.Which of the following is true based on the above? 2SO3(g)has the equilibrium constant Kc = 4.3 × 106, and the following concentrations are present: [SO2] = 0.010 M; [SO3] = 10.M; [O2] = 0.010 M.Which of the following is true based on the above?

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The reaction 2SO3(g) The reaction 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)is endothermic.If the temperature is increased, 2SO2(g)+ O2(g)is endothermic.If the temperature is increased,

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If the reaction 2H2S(g) If the reaction 2H<sub>2</sub>S(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ S<sub>2</sub>(g)is carried out at 1065°C, K<sub>p</sub> = 0.0120.Starting from pure H<sub>2</sub>S introduced into an evacuated vessel at 1065°C, what will the total pressure in the vessel be at equilibrium if the equilibrated mixture contains 0.300 atm of H<sub>2</sub>(g)? 2H2(g)+ S2(g)is carried out at 1065°C, Kp = 0.0120.Starting from pure H2S introduced into an evacuated vessel at 1065°C, what will the total pressure in the vessel be at equilibrium if the equilibrated mixture contains 0.300 atm of H2(g)?

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Consider the two gaseous equilibria: Consider the two gaseous equilibria:    The values of the equilibrium constants K<sub>1</sub> and K<sub>2 </sub>are related by The values of the equilibrium constants K1 and K2 are related by

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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ 3H2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2NH<sub>3</sub>(g).The production of ammonia is an exothermic reaction.Will heating the equilibrium system increase or decrease the amount of ammonia produced? 2NH3(g).The production of ammonia is an exothermic reaction.Will heating the equilibrium system increase or decrease the amount of ammonia produced?

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Concerning the following reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H2O(g) Concerning the following reaction at equilibrium: 3Fe(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   <sub> </sub> Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(s)+ 4H<sub>2</sub>(g), increasing the volume of the container would: Fe3O4(s)+ 4H2(g), increasing the volume of the container would:

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What conditions are used in the Haber process to enhance the yield of ammonia? Explain why each condition affects the yield in terms of the Le Châtelier principle.

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