Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium

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Consider the chemical reaction 2NH3(g) Consider the chemical reaction 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where K<sub>c</sub> = 4.0 × 10<sup>-2</sup>.Initially, 1,220 moles of NH<sub>3</sub>(g)are present.Calculate K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction. N2(g)+ 3H2(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where Kc = 4.0 × 10-2.Initially, 1,220 moles of NH3(g)are present.Calculate Kp for the reaction.

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The equilibrium between carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid is very important in biology and environmental science, and is shown below. CO2(aq)+ H2O(l) The equilibrium between carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid is very important in biology and environmental science, and is shown below. CO<sub>2</sub>(aq)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(l)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(aq) Based on the equilibrium constant reported for this reaction (K<sub>c</sub> = 1.70 × 10<sup>-3</sup>), there will be more carbon dioxide in solution than carbonic acid. H2CO3(aq) Based on the equilibrium constant reported for this reaction (Kc = 1.70 × 10-3), there will be more carbon dioxide in solution than carbonic acid.

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Which of these situations will result if some CH4(g)is removed from the reaction CO(g)+ 3H2(g) Which of these situations will result if some CH<sub>4</sub>(g)is removed from the reaction CO(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> CH<sub>4</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)at equilibrium? CH4(g)+ H2O(g)at equilibrium?

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For the following reaction at equilibrium, which gives a change that will shift the position of equilibrium to favor formation of more products? 2NOBr(g)  For the following reaction at equilibrium, which gives a change that will shift the position of equilibrium to favor formation of more products? 2NOBr(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = 30 kJ/mol 2NO(g)+ Br2(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn = 30 kJ/mol

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When the reaction 2O3(g) When the reaction 2O<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 3O<sub>2</sub>(g), for which K<sub>p</sub> = 3.0 × 10<sup>26</sup> at 773ºC, is at equilibrium, the mixture will contain very little O<sub>2</sub> as compared to O<sub>3</sub>. 3O2(g), for which Kp = 3.0 × 1026 at 773ºC, is at equilibrium, the mixture will contain very little O2 as compared to O3.

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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ O2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g), for which K<sub>c</sub> = 0.10 at 2,000ºC.Starting with initial concentrations of 0.040 M of N<sub>2</sub> and 0.040 M of O<sub>2</sub>, determine the equilibrium concentration of NO. 2NO(g), for which Kc = 0.10 at 2,000ºC.Starting with initial concentrations of 0.040 M of N2 and 0.040 M of O2, determine the equilibrium concentration of NO.

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For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which change will cause the Br2 concentration to decrease? 2NOBr(g)  For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which change will cause the Br<sub>2</sub> concentration to decrease? 2NOBr(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub>= 30 kJ/mol 2NO(g)+ Br2(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn= 30 kJ/mol

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Equilibrium is established for the reaction 2X(s)+ Y(g) Equilibrium is established for the reaction 2X(s)+ Y(g)   <sub> </sub> 2Z(g)at 500K, K<sub>c</sub> = 100.Determine the concentration of Z in equilibrium with 0.2 mol X and 0.50 M Y at 500K. 2Z(g)at 500K, Kc = 100.Determine the concentration of Z in equilibrium with 0.2 mol X and 0.50 M Y at 500K.

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The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br2(g) The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NOBr(g)   Calculate K<sub>c</sub>. 2NOBr(g) The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NOBr(g)   Calculate K<sub>c</sub>. Calculate Kc.

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Calculate Kp for the reaction 2NOCl(g) Calculate K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction 2NOCl(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Cl<sub>2</sub>(g)at 400°C if K<sub>c</sub> at 400°C for this reaction is 2.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup>. 2NO(g)+ Cl2(g)at 400°C if Kc at 400°C for this reaction is 2.1 × 10-2.

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Consider the equilibrium C(s)+ H2O(g)  Consider the equilibrium C(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)   <sub> </sub> CO(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta H = 2296 J.What will happen to the concentration of carbon if gaseous water is added to the system? CO(g)+ H2(g), Δ\Delta H = 2296 J.What will happen to the concentration of carbon if gaseous water is added to the system?

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At 250ºC, the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction PCl5(g) At 250ºC, the equilibrium constant K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction PCl<sub>5</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>PCl<sub>3</sub>(g)+ Cl<sub>2</sub>(g)is 1.80.Sufficient PCl<sub>5</sub> is put into a reaction vessel to give an initial pressure of 2.74 atm at 250ºC.Calculate the pressure of PCl<sub>5</sub> after the system has reached equilibrium. PCl3(g)+ Cl2(g)is 1.80.Sufficient PCl5 is put into a reaction vessel to give an initial pressure of 2.74 atm at 250ºC.Calculate the pressure of PCl5 after the system has reached equilibrium.

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Kp for the reaction 4CuO(s) K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction 4CuO(s)   <sub> </sub> 2Cu<sub>2</sub>O(s)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)is 0.49 at 1024 °C.Calculate K<sub>c</sub> at this temperature 2Cu2O(s)+ O2(g)is 0.49 at 1024 °C.Calculate Kc at this temperature

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For the equilibrium reaction 2SO2(g)+ O2(g)  For the equilibrium reaction 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)<sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>2SO<sub>3</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = -198 kJ/mol.Which one of these factors would cause the equilibrium constant to increase? 2SO3(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn = -198 kJ/mol.Which one of these factors would cause the equilibrium constant to increase?

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For the reaction H2(g)+ I2(g) For the reaction H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2HI(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 50.2 at 445ºC.If [H<sub>2</sub>] = [I<sub>2</sub>] = [HI] = 1.75 × 10<sup>-3</sup> M at 445ºC.Which of the following is true based on the above? 2HI(g), Kc = 50.2 at 445ºC.If [H2] = [I2] = [HI] = 1.75 × 10-3 M at 445ºC.Which of the following is true based on the above?

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For the reaction SO2(g)+ NO2(g) For the reaction SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ NO<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)+ NO(g), the equilibrium constant is 18.0 at 1,200ºC.If 1.0 mole of SO<sub>2</sub> and 2.0 moles of NO<sub>2</sub> are placed in a 20.L container, what concentration of SO<sub>3</sub> will be present at equilibrium? SO3(g)+ NO(g), the equilibrium constant is 18.0 at 1,200ºC.If 1.0 mole of SO2 and 2.0 moles of NO2 are placed in a 20.L container, what concentration of SO3 will be present at equilibrium?

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Consider the following reactions and their associated equilibrium constants: Consider the following reactions and their associated equilibrium constants:    For the reaction A + 2B   <sub> </sub> D + E, having equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub>, For the reaction A + 2B Consider the following reactions and their associated equilibrium constants:    For the reaction A + 2B   <sub> </sub> D + E, having equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub>, D + E, having equilibrium constant Kc,

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Consider the chemical reaction 2NH3(g) Consider the chemical reaction 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where K<sub>c</sub> = 4.0 × 10<sup>-2</sup>.Initially, 1,220 moles of NH<sub>3</sub>(g)are present.Estimate the equilibrium concentration of N<sub>2</sub>(g). N2(g)+ 3H2(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where Kc = 4.0 × 10-2.Initially, 1,220 moles of NH3(g)are present.Estimate the equilibrium concentration of N2(g).

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The brown gas NO2 and the colorless gas N2O4 exist in equilibrium, 2NO2 The brown gas NO<sub>2</sub> and the colorless gas N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> exist in equilibrium, 2NO<sub>2</sub>   <sub> </sub> N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.In an experiment, 0.625 mole of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was introduced into a 5.00 L vessel and was allowed to decompose until equilibrium was reached.The concentration of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> at equilibrium was 0.0750 M.Calculate K<sub>c</sub> for the reaction. N2O4.In an experiment, 0.625 mole of N2O4 was introduced into a 5.00 L vessel and was allowed to decompose until equilibrium was reached.The concentration of N2O4 at equilibrium was 0.0750 M.Calculate Kc for the reaction.

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A solution was prepared such that the initial concentrations of Cu2+(aq)and CN-(aq)were 0.0120 M and 0.0400 M, respectively.These ions react according to the following chemical equation A solution was prepared such that the initial concentrations of Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)and CN<sup>-</sup>(aq)were 0.0120 M and 0.0400 M, respectively.These ions react according to the following chemical equation     What will be the concentration of Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)at equilibrium? What will be the concentration of Cu2+(aq)at equilibrium?

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