Question 1

Which of the following must occur for a mismatch error to be repaired?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA repair proteins identify damaged DNA. 
B)  The sequence of nucleotides in the damaged DNA sequence guides the synthesis of the correct DNA sequence. 
C)  DNA-eating enzymes within the nucleus destroy entire strands of damaged DNA. 
D)  The damaged DNA undergoes DNA replication one more time. 
A)  DNA repair proteins identify damaged DNA. 
B)  The sequence of nucleotides in the damaged DNA sequence guides the synthesis of the correct DNA sequence. 
C)  DNA-eating enzymes within the nucleus destroy entire strands of damaged DNA. 
D)  The damaged DNA undergoes DNA replication one more time.

Question 2

Translation builds DNA from an RNA template.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Would you expect the presence of spacer DNA to increase or decrease the frequency of linkage between genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease it,because the spacer DNA is removed from the genome before transcription. 
B)  Decrease it,because the spacer DNA increases the probability of crossing-over between genes. 
C)  Increase it,because the spacer DNA is tightly connected to the genes on both sides. 
D)  Increase it,because the spacer DNA encourages the insertion of transposons into the DNA. 
A)  Decrease it,because the spacer DNA is removed from the genome before transcription. 
B)  Decrease it,because the spacer DNA increases the probability of crossing-over between genes. 
C)  Increase it,because the spacer DNA is tightly connected to the genes on both sides. 
D)  Increase it,because the spacer DNA encourages the insertion of transposons into the DNA.

Question 4

The process of DNA replication is error free.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The enzymes involved in ATP synthesis in the mitochondria are likely to be encoded by ________ genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulatory 
B)  DNA repair 
C)  housekeeping 
D)  transposon 
A)  regulatory 
B)  DNA repair 
C)  housekeeping 
D)  transposon

Question 6

The adenine bases in a DNA molecule are radioactively labeled.The DNA is then placed in a solution containing unlabeled nucleotides and the enzymes needed for DNA replication.The DNA molecule is allowed to replicate twice,forming four new DNA molecules.You would find the radioactively labeled adenine in

Accepted Answer

A)  each of the eight strands. 
B)  two of the eight strands. 
C)  all but one strand. 
D)  six of the eight strands. 
A)  each of the eight strands. 
B)  two of the eight strands. 
C)  all but one strand. 
D)  six of the eight strands.

Question 7

To convert genetic information into a phenotype,the process labeled with the letter D in this diagram of the process of gene flow in a cell requires ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To convert genetic information into a phenotype,the...

Question 8

Bacterial cultures are sometimes exposed to ultraviolet (UV)light in order to generate organisms with new genetic traits.Why do microbiologists choose to use UV light for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  UV light makes all cells antibiotic resistant. 
B)  UV light has the ability to cause changes in DNA. 
C)  UV light is the usual source of energy for bacteria,thus giving them more energy for evolution. 
D)  UV light promotes photosynthesis in bacteria. 
A)  UV light makes all cells antibiotic resistant. 
B)  UV light has the ability to cause changes in DNA. 
C)  UV light is the usual source of energy for bacteria,thus giving them more energy for evolution. 
D)  UV light promotes photosynthesis in bacteria.

Question 9

In the following diagram of the bead-on-a-string level of DNA packaging,DNA is indicated by the letter A.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most eukaryotic DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  single-stranded. 
B)  noncoding. 
C)  regulatory sequences. 
D)  prokaryotic. 
A)  single-stranded. 
B)  noncoding. 
C)  regulatory sequences. 
D)  prokaryotic.

Question 11

The "rungs" in the DNA "ladder" consist of ________ pairs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The "rungs" in the DNA "ladder" consist...

Question 12

A segment of DNA is present in a gene,is transcribed,but is not used in translation.This segment of DNA is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  intron. 
B)  transposon. 
C)  spacer DNA. 
D)  exon. 
A)  intron. 
B)  transposon. 
C)  spacer DNA. 
D)  exon.

Question 13

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a covalent bond.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication would produce two molecules of DNA with mutations at every base that once held an A-T base pair. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur because the two nucleotide strands that make up the DNA molecule would not be able to separate. 
C)  DNA replication would occur more slowly because DNA repair proteins would have to fix the covalent bonds before replication could begin. 
D)  DNA replication would be faster because covalent bonds require less energy to break than hydrogen bonds. 
A)  DNA replication would produce two molecules of DNA with mutations at every base that once held an A-T base pair. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur because the two nucleotide strands that make up the DNA molecule would not be able to separate. 
C)  DNA replication would occur more slowly because DNA repair proteins would have to fix the covalent bonds before replication could begin. 
D)  DNA replication would be faster because covalent bonds require less energy to break than hydrogen bonds.

Question 14

The hereditary genetic material present in all living cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  RNA. 
A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  RNA.

Question 15

Scientists discovered that Otzi,the 5,200-year-old frozen Copper Age man found in the Alps in 1991,had a variable DNA sequence called K.What caused the variations in this DNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations 
B)  diet 
C)  injuries he sustained 
D)  his frozen condition 
A)  mutations 
B)  diet 
C)  injuries he sustained 
D)  his frozen condition

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine 
B)  adenine 
C)  guanine 
D)  uracil 
A)  thymine 
B)  adenine 
C)  guanine 
D)  uracil

Question 17

Before a cell divides,it

Accepted Answer

A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information. 
A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information.

Question 18

Where in this diagram of the flow of genetic information of the cell would translation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 19

Mutations can lead to the formation of new alleles of a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

________ DNA consists of stretches of nucleotides that separate genes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ DNA consists of stretches of nucleotides...

Exam 11: DNA and Genes

Which of the following must occur for a mismatch error to be repaired?

Translation builds DNA from an RNA template.

Would you expect the presence of spacer DNA to increase or decrease the frequency of linkage between genes?

The process of DNA replication is error free.

The enzymes involved in ATP synthesis in the mitochondria are likely to be encoded by ________ genes.

To convert genetic information into a phenotype,the process labeled with the letter D in this diagram of the process of gene flow in a cell requires ________.

Bacterial cultures are sometimes exposed to ultraviolet (UV)light in order to generate organisms with new genetic traits.Why do microbiologists choose to use UV light for this purpose?

In the following diagram of the bead-on-a-string level of DNA packaging,DNA is indicated by the letter A.

Most eukaryotic DNA is

The "rungs" in the DNA "ladder" consist of ________ pairs.

A segment of DNA is present in a gene,is transcribed,but is not used in translation.This segment of DNA is a(an)

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a covalent bond.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

The hereditary genetic material present in all living cells is

Scientists discovered that Otzi,the 5,200-year-old frozen Copper Age man found in the Alps in 1991,had a variable DNA sequence called K.What caused the variations in this DNA sequence?

Which of the following is NOT a base found in DNA?

Before a cell divides,it

Where in this diagram of the flow of genetic information of the cell would translation occur?

Mutations can lead to the formation of new alleles of a gene.

________ DNA consists of stretches of nucleotides that separate genes.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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