Exam 7: Organisational Planning and Goal Setting
List and define the four major activities that must occur in order for management by objectives (MBO)to succeed.
The initial step is setting goals.The setting of goals involves employees at all levels and should incorporate the principles of effective goal setting.Goals should be jointly determined by manager and employee,so as to increase the employee's level of commitment.The second step is developing action plans.These action plans will specify how the goals are to be achieved.Next,a progress review is important to make sure that the action plans are working.They may be formal or informal and the action plan should be changed if necessary.The final step is to determine if the goals have been achieved within the specified time period.This appraisal should factor into the setting of the next period's goals,allowing for feedback into the setting of the next set of goals.
Which of these is the act of determining the organisation's goals and the means for achieving them?
C
List the four stages of the Shewhart Cycle of continuous improvement.
Plan,Do,Check,Act.
In logical order,the four major activities that make management by objectives successful are: set goals,review progress,develop action plans,a prize overall performance.
______________ (three words)is a method whereby managers and employees define goals for every department,project and person,and use them to monitor subsequent performance.
The planning activity in which future possibilities are visualised by extrapolating current trends and considering future discontinuities is known as:
Discuss the relationship between short-term,intermediate-term and long-term planning.In what ways can a manager increase the probability that these planning types remain internally consistent and capable of achieving the organisation's overarching strategy?
Focusing management attention on the methods and processes used to achieve goals is known as:
A crisis management plan is a detailed written plan that specifies the steps to be taken,and by whom,when a crisis occurs.
Differentiate between the terms 'strategic goal','tactical goal' and 'operational goal'.
List the benefits and limitations of the formal planning process.
A(n)_______________________ is a visual representation of the key drivers of an organisation's success.
The _________________ (two words)is used in organisations that have instituted quality management (also called the 'Plan,Do,Check,Act' cycle).
___________________ (two words)is the planning activity which future possibilities are visualised by extrapolating current trends and considering future discontinuities.
Operational goals are specific,measurable results expected from departments,groups and individuals within the organisation.
The criteria for effective goal setting include: being specific and measurable,covering key result areas,challenging yet realistic,have a defined time period,and are links to rewards.
A(n)_________________ (two words)is a visual representation of the key drivers of an organisation success,showing the cause-and-effect relationships among goals and plan.
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